The Indian Ideology By Perry Anderson

“Mohandas Gandhi was assassinated by an Indian who resented his program of tolerance for all creeds and religions” (“Gandhi”). Mohandas Gandhi, a free spirit leader, in the 1900s helped India to be free from the British. He was a discriminated Indian who claimed his life to be treated as a British. During his campaigns he had been arrested many times, went on fasts, and was nonviolent in passing on his religious beliefs. While being in prison for several years, he believed he was there for a good cause.

This is because so much of the visible aspects of Indian culture has diminished or disappeared and so much was borrowed from that we have lost sight of the origin; there is little wonder that awareness is lacking in some circles concerning the extent of "counteracculturation" upon the "numerically and politically dominant race."

Indians in American History, an introduction takes us back into the lives of Native American Indians in form of fourteen different short essays. The book contains theoretical and artistic bits of work from well-known authors who also tell and share their point of view as to how they felt about the whole process through which the

In more recent history, it was the heroic fight put up by Chhatrapati Shivaji that first checked and eventually destroyed the Muslim tyranny in India. It was absolutely essentially for Shivaji to overpower and kill an aggressive Afzal Khan, failing which he would have lost his own life. In condemning history's towering warriors like Shivaji, Rana Pratap and Guru Gobind Singh as misguided patriots, Gandhiji has merely exposed his self-conceit. He was, paradoxical, as it may appear, a violent pacifist who brought untold calamities on the country in the name of truth and non-violence, while Rana Pratap, Shivaji and the Guru will remain enshrined in the hearts of their countrymen forever for the freedom they brought to them.

In Thomas King’s The Inconvenient Indian:A Curious Account of Native People in North America, he talked about the history of Indians. He started with Columb and talked about how Indians were treated, the integration between White and Indian. King’s language was humor and irony which made the overall book more like story rather than history. However, we can make fun of stories, but the true histories of Indians was serious and respectful.

Gandhi once said, “You must be the change you wish to see in the world.” Mohandas Gandhi was an Indian pacifist and activist, who is a beacon and an icon for many people. He has inspired many to pursue non-violence, which is why we can consider him one of the greatest of his time. Everything he has done was either for the good of others, or to bring himself spiritually closer to god. Gandhi was a reformer because he played a large role in India’s freedom from Britain, he is seen as the century’s foremost representative of civil rights, and he created a method of moral activism and non-violence.

In my search for a research topic, all I knew was that I wanted to learn more about a country that I knew almost nothing about. I’ve always been intrigued by India with its beautiful land and culture, but in my years of school I have never learned too much about it and had always wondered why there was such a heavy British influence there. Little did I know, this English influence began long before I imagined and will mostly likely continue to exist for quite some time. Furthermore, I have chosen to research and write about India’s break from the British Raj (rule) of almost 100 years of imperialism. The leader I chose in this movement that proved to be extremely significant for its success is Mahatma Gandhi. Through my research I wanted to focus on how India, aided by Gandhi, fought the increased interconnectedness forced upon them by the British to show how this resistance movement was successful and brought about change. A significant question that I want to answer in this paper is, what does India’s example of resistance show us about both imperialism and globalization? To effectively analyze their resistance movement, we must consider the many causes for the tension and need for separation, the nature of the resistance movement, and most importantly, whether or not it was effective. From my research, I learned that there were countless causes for resistance towards Great Britain due to the fact that so many issues had been building up between the two countries overtime,

This book adds another brick to the patronising edifice it wants to tear down”. Indeed, he succeeds at reducing the beacon of a “Shining India”, (Adiga, Page 16) into no more than a puddle of murky monsoon showers caught in evanescent sunlight.

Highlight and assess Gandhi’s critique of “modern civilization” and relate it to the debate about the nature and practice of development that surfaced with Gandhi’s 1945 exchange with Nehru [in Sudhir Chandra’s essay] and continue into the post-independence era is with us today.

If one picks up an English novel from the Indian subcontinent written during the ‘60s and 70s’, and one will most probably come across incidents dealing with the Partition of India and Pakistan, a period so violent and gruesome in scope and defying imagination. The novel A Bend in the Ganges illustrates the hatred and acrimony that prevailed during the period of the Partition, and the novel is an important addition to the whole. Manohar Malgonkar concentrates on the tumultuous years of the phase of pre-Independence era of Indian polity and history in the novel. Malgonkar, one of the leading Indian novelists in English, is primarily known as a Maratha historian. He turned to the writing of fiction with a purpose - the purpose of pure entertainment.

The Caste System has been a part of India’s culture for a long time and it has caused many social controversies between the higher and lower castes. UCLA wrote, “The greater majority of the Indian people have no assurance of two nutritious meals a day, safety of employment, safe and clean housing, or such level of education as would make it possible for them to understand their constitutional rights and obligations” (“UCLA” para. 1). The higher castes believed that lower castes were bad and that association with them was unlucky. They also wanted to conserve their power and that is the reasoning behind the social division. The lower castes lived unhealthy lives and many of them died at young ages, and they wanted to have more equal rights. This controversy is old but it still continues today and it has

Mohandas Gandhi, also known as Mahatma “Great Soul” or Bapu “father”, was the leader of Indian nationalism in the early 20th century. Born October 2nd, 1869, Gandhi serves as a driving symbol of India’s independence from Britain as well the father of civil disobedience. Moreover, with his pious background, Gandhi advocated for religious tolerance and used religion as a guiding force in his principles. During the 20th century, Indians living in South Africa and India faced racial discrimination. With unlawful acts against Indians being passed by the British government, Gandhi had a political reawakening that changed his life to dedicate his life in reforming India. Gandhi pushed for Indian’s, as well as many who were oppressed, to question their deepest prejudices about caste, religion, and violence. This allowed people to stand by him and follow him through his acts of protest and civil disobedience. Gandhi demonstrated to officials, countries, and oppressors that he is a man that will not back down--even after times and times of jail. In addition to Gandhi championing discrimination in race and democracy, Gandhi fought for women's rights, education, and religion. Anybody who came in contact with him were deeply influenced by his personality and morals. Mahatma Gandhi continues to be a revered symbol in American culture with his adherence to high moral values, his promotion of nonviolent resistance, and equality for all races that inspires society to create change.

The ideas and institutions of colonial modernity were brought to India from outside that is by the agents of European, especially British imperialism. This was in sharp contrast to the primarily or largely internal or indigenous processes through which Europe itself had launched its project of enlightenment and modernity. The claim of monopoly and expertise over modernity was used as justification by the colonial powers to fulfil its imperial ambitions. The colonial rule reflected dichotomies at two different levels. Firstly, liberty that was held to be the most sacred value of the enlightenment project was being curtailed through the process of colonialism- another product of the same project. Further, the same argument of modernity which was being used to enlarge civil liberties in west was used to deny basic rights to the colonial masses. This was also reflected in the case of freedom of expression. The people who celebrated and claimed freedom of expression and press as sacred in their own societies, under the garb of imperial rulers became its ardent critique in the colonies, restricting both free expression and freedom of press for their own benefits. For many, British India was a contradictory political formation. In Henry Maine’s words, it was a “most extraordinary experiment” involving “the virtually despotic government of a dependency by a free people.” These dichotomies produced a new context through the interaction of ‘east’ and ‘west’ which is clearly

The history of the Indian subcontinent is one of the longest and most debated histories to date, going back as far as 500,000 to 200,000 years. The study of history will forever be one of importance, as through learning about the past, we shape the future. India, as a nation, is a modern phenomenon and has built itself on its long history debatable Aryan roots. How an Aryan identity came to be from the ancient Indian civilization of Harappa is a question of the history and where this history was founded. Indian history was interpreted through a British lens, which affected how the historical data was portrayed to the rest of the modern world. The British interpretation of Indian history developed an ‘Aryan Debate’ that analyzed how the British determined who was Aryan, how language and race interact, and how the Rig Veda was interpreted. Additionally, the debate considers how preconceived concepts of race were factored into the analysis of evidence, how the concept of an Indian caste system was created, and how it affects India today.

India has many races, nationalities, castes, sub-castes and communities but so far the hear of India is concerned it is one. It is true that societies that have been integrated into bonds of unity have always enjoyed peace, stability, prosperity and permanence. And those torn by mutual disruptive tendencies among various sections of the society have always been short lived and become non- existent. The national integration is the process of uniting different people from all walks of life into a single whole. The most serious problem being faced by India in present circumstances is how to develop an atmosphere of national consciousness among so varied a people.