The Industrial Waste Management Practices

The waste contains large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous, the primary ingredients in fertilizer for plants. This causes the plants to grow faster, so when the waste gets into waterways it can cause algae blooms. The algae can block out the sunlight from other organisms in the water. Algae grows very quickly and dies very quickly. The decomposing algae uses the dissolved oxygen in the water which is essential to the lives of the organisms in the water. It causes a dead zone, an area where it is difficult for organisms to live there. The excessive nitrates in the waste can cause more than environmental problems, it can also be detrimental to our health. The nitrates can get into the groundwater and the surface water. Excessive nitrate exposer can cause blue baby syndrome, the disruption of the thyroid, and bladder cancer. Communities near the hog farms can also suffer from respiratory problems, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. Humans can acquire more than 40 different types of diseases from the hog waste. Experts believe that the swine flu outbreak of 2009-2010 was caused by storing it in giant lagoons. Along with environmental and health issues, hog waste creates economic problems. Land value goes down in the communities near the farms due to the health risks and the foul smell. Property tax is based on land value, so when the land value is low, the local

Figure 1 is a layout plan of the processing building and lab/operations building. As the figure shows, there are 23 dirty solvent tanks, 16 clean storage tanks, 3 distillation units, and a molecular sieve. The waste delivered to the site was unloaded into the “dirty” storage tanks. It would be processed in one of the distillation units and through the molecular sieve if necessary. Once processed, the clean

During rain events, a combination of contaminants from roadways, parking lots, manufacturing facilities and industrial sites enter storm drains [2]. This runoff is a major contributor to oil contamination in public water domains and if left untreated, it leads to greater pollution of our oceans, lakes, and rivers. Runoff can also contain heavy metals, such as potassium (K + ) , zinc (Zn 2+ ), lead (Pb 2+ ), copper (Cu 2+ ), and chromium (Cr 3+ ), all of which in large quantities are extremely toxic to biological environments [3]. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the Clean Water Act (CWA) 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 122 indicates that facilities are required to obtain National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems

Every time a person puts food down the garbage disposal or flushes the toilet waste goes into the sewer system. These residential sources of waste water along with acid metals and

Pollution of the surrounding environment has accelerated dramatically after the industrial revolution, leaving a legacy faced by modern society. The primary source of such pollutions is the burning of fossil fuels, mining and smelting of metalliferous ores, municipal wastes, agrochemicals and sewage. Migration of contaminants from neighboring contaminated land to a non-contaminated sites as vapors and leachate through the soil or as dust or spread of sewage sludge, further contributes to the contamination of natural ecosystems (Khan 2005). A wide range of materials causing contamination includes heavy metals, inorganic and organic compounds, oil and tars, toxic and explosive gases, combustible and putrescible substances, hazardous wastes and

Non-point source pollution is pollution that cannot easily be tracked back to its original source. Since it cannot be easily tracked, like industrial sources, it is very difficult to prevent. Non-point source pollution can be from agricultural fields, cars, construction sites or the dust particles in the rain. (Farrell-Poe 1995) The pollution is usually introduced into the bodies of water through run-offs, rain, melting snow or drainage from ditches. It is often like this because when construction is planned, the affects it might have on the ecosystems around it are rarely thought of.

Sewage, also called waste water, consists of toilet paper, urine, fecal matter, soaps, and bits of food, which is the perfect environment to grow deadly pathogens that can infect humans and animals. The waste water is conveyed in sewers, and can end up in your home or office as a sludgy, mucky, deadly mess. Don’t take a chance with your family, employees, or pets, bring in a professional clean up team to ensure their safety.

Nonhazardous industrial wastes are various levels of wastes that are as result of industrial activity of producing goods and products but are within manageable levels that are not harmful (Letcher & Vallero, 2011). The nonhazardous industrial wastes are in form of solid, liquid, semi-liquid or gaseous materials from the industries. The examples of nonhazardous industrial wastes include sludge from water supply treatment plant, wastewater treatment plant, and air pollution control facility.

Modern sewage formed in response to the 1858 Great Stink of London. The Great Stink was a product of many factors. The introduction of flush toilets replacing previously popular chamber pots increased water and waste volume into cesspits. Additionally, these cesspits, once only used for excess rainwater collection, began to carry waste from slaughterhouses and factories, contaminating the city before its ultimate departure into the River Thames, which began to overflow with sewage along with its tributaries. All of this combined with an unusually hot summer encouraged bacterial growth, a rancid odor, and contributed to a cholera outbreak. In response, London built thousands of miles of underground pipe and created the modern sewage treatment system [3][4].

Another water related environmental interrelationship is the impact that wastewater has on our waterways and groundwater. Wastewater has many sources including mining, industrial, municipal and consumer related wastewater. Much of this wastewater is treated before entering our water systems, but restrictions and mandated policy is not always followed and in some cases accidental spillage occurs. In many countries the concern over wastewater and its impact on the environment are ignored and dangerous wastewater is simply allowed to spill into local waterways. The impact of this can greatly influence the quality of life of both humans and wildlife.

Lot of researches are showing that the commercial and industrial activities that involves chemicals causes contamination. High traffic areas are getting contaminated mainly due to emitted gas from the vehicles (P.H.Raven et al, 1998). Pressure treated wood are used to form decks, swing sets, play spaces. Arsenic, especially chromatic copper arsenate or CCA is used

There is a significant array of environmental issues affected by toxic waste. Toxic waste refers to things that are products not just of dangerous production materials, but also of all sorts of products in the environment. Major products in the environment include plastic products, batteries, computer equipment, leftover paints, and pesticides. These different items contribute negatively to the environment through processes such as groundwater infiltration, or if the items themselves become buried in the ground. In these ways, the products enter into the ground and become an integrated part of the environmental system, creating negative impacts on the entire environment.

Industrial pollutants: are also harmful the environment if they enter the water system. "Moreover, many flamingos have died from the water pollution and chemical factories".

Environmental pollution can be summarized as any substance or material present in the environment that has the ability to cause damage to human health or the environment (Briggs, 2003). Solid waste pollution has economical, sociological, environmental (Rahardyan, et al., 2003; Kupchik and Franz, 2012) and public health effects (Gaby, 1981; Rushton, 2003; Hamer, 2003). The pollution may be caused by lack or inadequate management and/or inappropriate means of waste disposal (LaGrega et al., 2010).

Municipal waste has residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial components, and includes all non-water waste produced by housing units, retail and wholesale businesses, institutions such as prisons and hospitals, and large-scale office businesses (IDEM, 2001). Non-municipal waste includes construction/demolition debris, foundry waste, coal ash, and other similar by-products of intense refining or manufacturing operations