When Christopher Columbus voyaged to the Americas in the late 15th century, many European nations saw the New World as an opportunity to expand their empires. A common factor between the four main colonizing powers, England, France, Spain, and the Netherlands, was a desire to grow economically, seeing the New World as a land of prospective wealth. However, these powers did not always share the same viewpoint as one another, especially when it came to religion. In both cases, these various takes on colonization can provide an insight to the beginnings of the United States and how its future history and present identity came to be.
One of the driving factors behind colonization for all four powers was wealth. In the 16th century, England experienced an economic crisis (Powerpoint). With widespread poverty and unemployment, people looked to the New World as a way to try and escape their low-class status. The first English settlement to arrive was Jamestown, sponsored by the Virginia company. The purpose of this settlement was to advance England economically. John Smith, one of Jamestown’s leaders, argues the various economic benefits the New World provides in his work, Description of New England. He says, “I should doe here [New England] to gaine wealth sufficient” (Smith, 133). The same was apparent in Spain, where most settlers went to the New World to improve their economic status (Powerpoint). In addition to the Spanish Conquistadors, the Spanish crown was also
In the 16th century the Spanish had acquired wealth on account of South America. Since England had recently switched over to the Protestant church, Spain wanted to get enough money and a big enough army to defeat England and change it back to the Catholic church (Horn). Once England realized their plan they tried various ways to get the wealth they needed to dominate Spain. However, none of these ways resulted in the wealth they needed until they had realized they could colonize the New World. Sending the poor to the New World to colonize would solve England’s problems of overpopulation and a need for wealth (Horn). After multiple failed attempts to colonize the New World they finally reached success with the establishment of Jamestown, Virginia
The reason America was discovered in the first place was because Columbus was looking for a water route to Asia. Columbus was sailing to avoid the tax and unfriendliness of the Ottoman empire. When Columbus realized that he was not in Asia and instead was in an whole new world basically, he sent captured indians back the Pope to show him that the Natives could be used for labor. After this, many conquistadors flooded to America looking for wealth and profit. Some well known conquistadors we're Hernan Cortes, who took over the Aztec Empire and all of their wealth and sent it back to Europe. Francisco Pizarro was an conquistador who dominated the Incas and sent the gold and silver back to Europe. Many other Spanish people saw the wealth was brought back and thought they could get in on the loot also. Colonization boomed after wealth came back to Spain. Another example of why wealth was an motivator for colonization is the population increase in Europe. Since more people we're being born, landlords we're profiting off lending land to serfs. With all the money the landlords we're gaining, they wanted to spend that money on new, luxurious items such as cotton and sugar. Since the demand for these products we're high, more and more people flooded to America to gain the new exotic items that we're not previously available. Both religious conversion and desire for wealth had an significant impact on the lives of Native Americans and
This caused a trade imbalance, thus hurting the Spanish economy and making it harder for the colonies in the New World to become successful settlements. Because the Spanish Crown had little interest in creating long-lasting colonies in New World for any purpose other than to gain wealth for the mother country, the group of Spaniards that came to America only consisted of conquistadores, missionaries, and soldiers. It is important to note that no Spanish women made the journey to the Americas, which contributed to Spain’s issue with founding substantial settlements. All of these factors made it difficult for Spain to benefit off colonization because the country lacked a strong, stable economy in the New World. On the other hand, England was able to establish permanent settlements in the Americas more efficiently than the Spanish because the purpose of colonization was not solely to acquire wealth, but also to flee religious and political persecution. Since British colonists had a comparatively more compelling reason to inhabit the Americas than the Spanish, they were more likely to permanently settle and contribute to the economy through commerce and agriculture. Their economic situation differed from the Spanish because instead of earning wealth through conquest and exploitation, industry in English colonies was based on farming, fishing, and exports like tobacco and lumber. The economy was also more
Unit 1 Essay Jessica H. Gantt History 202 January 22, 2018 Professor Marcus Gordon Unit 1 Essay Introduction: Europeans came to North America for numerous reasons. Most arrived for the economic growth and for a variety of religious reasons. The New World was thought by the colonist to offer riches to those whom staked out their claim. Offered established religions for the new populations to convert.
With the dawn of the sixteenth century, there came together in Europe both the motivation and the means to explore and colonize territory across the sea. New developments in Europe, such as the Protestant Reformation and the changing political landscape, contributed to the drive towards exploration and colonization. Moreover, the advancement and invention of technology provided Europeans with the ability to make and defend their claims on American land.
Have you ever wondered where why the many different countries in Europe came to America to explore and colonize? There were two main concepts that drew the Europeans to America: the excitement and profit of the "New World", and the past histories of their countries. The English, French, and Spanish each came to the Americas in search of a new beginning; a fresh start in which they could escape past torment and capture new wealth. However, each motive defined the character of each settlement.
European Settlers are a group of people who came from all over Europe, to start a new life for themselves. They came here because of their unhappiness back in their home country and a few other reasons.Their arrival enormously affected a group of people who lived in the new world called Native Americans ,by introducing weapons, destroying their cultures and took over
From the mid 1500’s to the 1700’s, people from all over Europe flocked to the vast lands of North America. Spain and England quickly became the most dominant European presences in the Americas. Citizens of the two countries had very different experiences in the New World. This was partially due to their different interactions with Native Americans, religions and their different motivations for coming to the New World. Although rivals at the time, Spain and England’s colonization efforts shared many similarities.
This chapter, “Europeans Colonize North America, 1600 – 1650,” explores the social, political and economic reasons which prompted European countries to invade and colonize North America. These European groups included the Spanish, French, Dutch and English. England however hoped to recreate and improve the society they had left behind. They all had different reasons for exploring the Americas. Nevertheless, Europeans possessed and benefitted a little until they adapted and established successful relations with Native Americans and with each other.
The English were the last people to join in the race for colonies and settlements. But, they did build the first permanent settlements and colonies. Mercantilism started the competitive race for acquiring as much resources as possible, and the way to do that was to colonize untapped land, with untapped resources. The French and Spanish mostly explored, but each nation was looking for gold and silver, land, resources, and dominance in what was dubbed the “New World” by the Europeans. Sir Walter Raleigh attempted to start the first colonies on the American East Coast starting in 1585. The colonies would only last for a short time until everyone went back to England, disappointed, with no gold or silver. In 1587, Raleigh sailed to America again and settled a colony at Roanoke, Virginia. Supply ships never came until 1590, but the colony mysteriously disappeared by then.
Settler colonial theory (SCT) is a means for non-indigenous people to disturb colonial privilege accrued by settler societies from the displacement and suppression of indigenous peoples and their culture (Makoun & Strakosch, 2013). Settler colonialism is a distinct form of colonialism that facets by way of the substitute of indigenous populations with an invasive settler society that, over time, develops a unique identity and sovereignty. Settler colonial states include Canada, the U.S., Australia, and South Africa, and settler colonial concept has been important to finding out conflicts in areas like Israel, Kenya, and Argentina, and in tracing the colonial legacies of empires that engaged in the general groundwork of settlement colonies.
The Spanish send out expeditions in order to find gold and other supplies which would make them a rich country. The expeditions caused many deaths for Native Americans and the Spanish always returned unsuccessful. England was one of the slowest of the European powers to try and colonize the New World. They were incredibly unsuccessful at first. The Natives were obviously very determined not to let the Europeans to claim any land that the Natives decided were theirs since they were obviously there
One organization that was instrumental in ending slavery in the United States was the American colonization society. Formed in 1817, this society was able to end the discrimination of the blacks in slavery. However, the society was greatly affected between different activists on the freedoms of the black Africans in the respective country. A few saw that the Americans Africans would not be thrilled by ‘complete’ freedoms in the US. This group argued that the Africans would be happier if they go back to Africa. Nevertheless, some argued that the Africans had the chance to enjoy their freedoms in the country. This group contended that Africans should not go back to Africa. Therefore, the
Colonization in America has demonstrated all of the US history themes of exploration, encounter and exchange in the Americas. From the beginning of colonization, in 1492 by Christopher Columbus, to the establishment of the first American colony, Jamestown in 1607, and to the creation of the thirteen colonies, there have been countless examples of exploration, encounter and exchange. The exploration of vast waters and unchartered territory led to new and undiscovered land and America being colonized. During this time of exploration, explorers encountered many new faces (including Native Americans), crops, animals and even new lifestyles. In addition, with the increased encounters with the explorers and Natives, there was a massive growth in exchange of goods between the Europeans and the Natives in the Americas.
Even though the French were key factors in the colonization of North America, they are not normally mentioned in history books. However, their lack of prominence in history books does not mean that they are entirely unimportant. The French were extremely skilled hunters and trappers when they came to North America, and almost all furs and skins from North America were insanely valuable. Also, the French explorers were after everything every other explorer was after; the Northwest Passage, and a shorter route to Asia/India. Another thing that many French settlers wanted was religious freedom, after all, the Huguenots were Protestants in France, which was a mainly Catholic country. These would all be very commonly stated things if you were to ask a French settler, explorer, or Huguenot why they wanted to go to North America. In fact, there are many reasons as to why this is what everyone wanted, not just the French people.