The Influence Of Industrialization In Europe

In the year 1807, Thomas Jefferson created an embargo in order to stop conflict between France and Great Britain. This embargo was a complete stop to trade from, and to foreign countries. According to the text, “Under the Embargo of 1807, no foreign ships could enter U.S ports, and no American ships could leave, expect to trade at other U.S ports”(Hart et al. 165). However, cotton textiles and other products were imported from Great Britain, and now because of the embargo the United States do not have any of these products. In order to solve this issue, “American businesspeople quickly began to manufacture cotton textiles to replace British imports”(Schug et al. 142-145). Economic incentives such as new opportunities, influenced women in the

During the period of 1492 to 1750, Europe experienced drastic changes during their Age of Discovery. As a result of contact and colonization, Western Europe’s economy, political, social, and military systems changed, but also maintained certain aspects that enabled them to build strong civilizations. Such changes include increased (international) trade routes, more centralized governments such as monarchies, decreased unifying influence of the Catholic Church, and increased interest in military conquest and expansion.

The European expansion during the 15th and 16th centuries lead to major economic expansion throughout Europe and the newly established

Great Britain was the first country to really experience industrialization. A combination of the small country, agricultural improvements, large population growth, increases in national wealth, and access to cheap materials and mineral resources allowed the Industrial Revolution to grow in Britain. Because Britain was such a small area of land, the transport of goods and materials was cheap through roads, rivers, and canals. Agricultural improvements resulted in an increase in the production of food which allowed people more disposable income in which they could purchase manufactured goods. Large population growth supplied abundances of laborers who could be employed in factories. Access to cheap materials from Asia and the Americas and mineral resources increased national wealth which allowed industrialization to continue.

In the beginning of the 19th century the British began to trade opium, an illegal drug, for tea with China which caused, “...the first Opium War...which resulted in a Chinese defeat and the expansion of British trading privileges...”This discrepancy in the trading relationship between the Chinese and the British caused China’s to forfeit their trading territory to the British. The outcome of the Opium War was a setback for the Chinese. Places where the Chinese previously conducted business was no longer available. Economical wars were not uncommon: “During the mercantilist period…a military...would deter attacks by other countries and aid its own territorial expansion.” The focus of many governments became to protect their economy by constantly gaining more territory to increase business. The change of China’s trade routes could have negatively affected the economy. If the Chinese economy were to weaken it could affect the economies of other countries that China interacted with. The Columbian Exchange, a network of trade routes throughout the world, caused the environment to change as, “ ...Old World crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and turnips...raveled west across the Atlantic, and New World crops...traveled east to Europe.” The exchanging of crops between the New World and the Old World, two different geographical areas,

“The water-frame used the waterpower from fast-flowing streams to drive spinning wheels.” (course reader 102) Then there was the introduction of the steam engine and power-loom. Due to an expired patent, James Watt decided to create his version of the steam engine for use in a cotton mill plant and introduced a system for the factory that was revolutionary. As a result, wages and manufacturing of cotton and iron really increased. This helped get more work done in less time and gave people jobs. (Document 2) The steam engines also helped get the economy ramped up by being able to bring supplies to the cities and more jobs to people. The steam engines provided jobs because they needed miners, engineers, and sailors who could build the canals and railroads for this transportation. As a result, they could bring supplies to the cities which also increased farmland available to produce more food for everyone. (Document 3) The steam engine brought in railroad development, industrialization and changes to the population. (Document 9) With the growth of railways and transportation, from 1801-1851, many cities were developed within the central part of Great Britain and the population

Great Brittan is seated on an island in the North Atlantic Ocean just west of the European mainland. Being that the nation is an island, this poses a challenge to the improvement of the country as it only has so many resources. To accommodate the insignificant amount of resources, Great Brittan established an empire. This empire stretched from the south pacific to the North Atlantic allowing for all of the raw material needs to be met (Doc. 1). One example is the cotton and textile industry. Starting around 1795, the British began importing cotton from colonies and dominations to meet the needs for textile industries. From the start, the amount imported only increased as the

The industrial revolution began in Great Britain because of the textile industry. Britain had an abundance of cotton used in the making of textiles. When the cottage industry and the manufacturing of clothes at home changed to the factory system, new machines were being created. Also several key-inventors of theses machines where from Great Britain, and contributed to the factory system being established. Also efficient transportation was already set up in Britain and was further innovated with the demand between procedures and suppliers. Great Britain also had a lot of natural resources. Also the workers in the new factories of the

The Industrial Revolution of the late eighteenth and middle nineteenth was progressive on the grounds that it modified, revolutionized the productive capacity of England, Europe and United States. In any case, the upheaval was something more than just new machines, smoke-burping processing plants, expanded efficiency and an expanded way of life. It was an upheaval which changed English, European, and American culture down to its extremely roots. Like the Reformation or the French Revolution, no one was left unaffected. Everybody was touched in some way peasant and noble, parent and youngster, artisan and commander of industry.

The third source showed that England had invaded many other countries in the world. They wanted resources to expand their economy. The early foundation of global trading networks such as interchange of good among people replaced by systems of government sponsored international business ventures designed to make European monarch rich. Only the Europeans benefited from this Eurocentric policy, indigenous people were exploited. Raw materials from these invaded countries were shipped from North and South America, Africa, and Asia to Europe so the European can expand their manufacturing industries. Places of the production got shifts from homes to large factories. The increased manufacturing leads to industrialization. The production techniques

During the 1840’s, Britain made a drastic shift to free trade and announced that it would no longer be favouring their colonies in trade, which in turn brought up various separatist ideas within the British colonies. British imperialism had a sole goal to obtain raw materials, and to obtain markets for British manufacturers. However, the trading statistics between British North America and Britain were rather weak. In relation to the total amount of imports and exports, only 2.74% of British exports went to British North America, while 3.3% of imports to Britain were from British North America. As we can see, British manufacturers saw the validity behind the idea of “little England”, which was due their concern over Britain paying taxes to a colony which did not provide much back, in terms of trade. Also, British manufacturers believed that if BNA became independent it would eventually become absorbed by the United States, which was Britain’s strongest overseas customer. Thus, Britain would not have to support British North America as its colony, and still receives its benefits in trade.

Colonizer felt this was and began to export resources. Great Britain being very successful with the

Europe benefited tremendously from the shift of global power and really flourished. They can thank new sailing technology and gunpowder technology as two main factors of power shifting towards them. Though one was more responsible for the power shift. Gunpowder technology was more responsible than sailing technology in the shift of global power due to guns being the main way to conquer other people and really control foreign lands. An example of this is Portugal discovering and taking over the Western coast of Africa. He first came upon this new location because of the sailing technology but if it weren't for gunpowder they would of never been able to conquer that land so easily. This lead to Portugal creating trading outposts along the west coast of Africa,

The Industrial Revolution in Europe changed Europe to this day. This began in the United Kingdom in the 1700s and expanded to Western Europe in the 1800s. During the Industrial Revolution, this provided new technology, a surplus of food, trading and different ways of producing goods for countries. The women and children in Europe had to work hard and work in the mills. They did this to give enough money for their family to live on. Politics also changed during the Industrial Revolution. Thus, the Industrial Revolution affected many people and to discover new technology and ways of thriving life.

Labor exploitation was the key for the effectiveness of european expansion in the new world and define slavery as a principal component for global capitalism until it was not longer profitable. The atlantic slave trade influence europe economic growth and market development to rapidly spread through the atlantic trade. It was a intense dependence on the triangular trade that made merchants made big profits at the expense of the exploited labour abroad. Merchants were involved in all three sides of the triangle trade that allowed the transportation of slaves from Europe to Africa where goods were traded for slaves and then those slaves were brought to the Americas for the cultivation food crops and other raw materials; these later were brought back to Europe, Africa and the Americas to be sold. Resistance and revolts against the trade of slave was stronger in African areas where european demographic power was lower but “It was not until 1780s that increasing european along the west of africa coast finally drove up the price of slaves” and the overproduction of sugar in the caribbean and other raw materials lead the fall in the selling price of these products (shillington p181) european nations began to question whether the trade was still profitable or not. Britain was the first to completely abolished slavery in 1834 when manufactures found european labor in factories more efficient and less expensive than plantations. It was follow for the french colonies 1848, Cuba in