The International Monetary Fund ( Imf )

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was created in the mid-1940s as a direct result of the chaos created by the individual central banks before and during the Great Depression. With the advent of economic globalization, it became clear that the uncoordinated policies of individual central banks was becoming a hindrance to global growth and financial stability. In December 1944, the IMF formally came into existence with 29 members, each agreeing to cooperate on the international stage to stabilize exchange rates and

The IMF's primary purpose is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries (and their citizens) to transact with one other. This system is essential for promoting sustainable economic growth, increasing living standards, and reducing poverty. The Fund’s mandate has recently been clarified and updated to cover the full range of macroeconomic and financial sector issues that bear on global stability.

participants in this conference created three organizations to help regulate the international economy. The first is the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which was established with the idea of regulating monetary policy. One of the benchmarks of the IMF is the stabilization of exchange rates and the loaning of money to help stabilize countries with balance of payments deficits. The second organization established was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) whose main focus was on a liberal trading order.

The International Monetary Fund is a major international economic institution that was established in 1994 to manage international monetary relations (FLS, 327). International leading programs such as the IMF provide financing to developing countries that are facing financial problems that threaten their economic growth and provide them with loans in order to boost the productivity of their countries. The IMF includes both lending and borrowing countries and all members are

Currently there are two international financial institutions which sought of undertake this role, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The goals of the World Bank are for long term development in countries to reduce poverty by improving a countries investment climate and training its people.[1] The IMF was establish to promote international monetary cooperation, exchange stability, to foster economic growth with high levels of employment, and to provide temporary financial assistance to countries to help ease balance of payments adjustment. Both organisations can provide immediate funds to stabilize countries economic crises[2] but their aims are for the long-term health of the economy and not the immediate soothing of shocks with financial remedies. Their solutions tend to very painful for the citizens of the countries affected and do not

The word bank and IMF are the two main global financial institutions that lend money to various developed and developing countries. According to Wolff (2013) these institutions came into being in 1944 after the Bretton woods conference to establish a firm global economy after the world war two. The purpose of these institutions was to stimulate a stable development and offer unconditional loans to nations in economic crisis so as to achieve their developmental needs (Wolff, 2013). However, these never saw the daylight, due to pressure experienced from the US legislatures, also known as the ‘‘Washington Consensus’’ which as a result led the IMF and World Bank to lend money with harsh conditions.

Since then, the IMF’s power and influence as an organisation increased even more after the collapsed of the global monetary rules it was assigned to oversee (Bretton Woods System). In February 1973, when the United States and the world abandoned the short-lived Smithsonian agreement, the entire attempt made to maintain the Bretton Woods fixed exchange rate system collapsed. The world returned to market-determined free exchange rates, the very system the IMF was established to

In early October, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) released three reports: Financial Monitor, Global Financial Stability and the World Economic Outlook. Overall, the IMF reported a very uneven economy. There is some good news: the risks associated with the short term appear to have been mitigated; the shock of Brexit has been largely contained by the market and commodity prices, which were depressed, have begun to climb. Even China 's downturn has been largely controlled by policy measures designed to shore up growth. Taken in sum, the IMF reports a growth of 1.6% in advanced economies and 4.2% growth in developing and emerging economies.

During the late 1990s, the world, especially Asia, faced economic crisis. In May, 1997, Thailand was hit especially hard. Due to multiple factors, foreign investors decided to pull their money out of the Thai economy causing the Thai government to eventually devalue their currency (Laplamwanit, 1999). This paper is not focused on what caused the crisis; rather, it examines the actions the International Monetary Fund (IMF) took in attempting to help Thailand recover from its disaster as well as the unfortunate consequences of doing so.

As the world economy begins to grow and develop, systems have been put in place to ensure a standardized unit of monetary measure to ensure fair trade between developing nations. The IMF or international monetary fund, is an organization that manages the exchange rate of currencies utilized in the international market, offers policy advice and gives loans to promote the countries prospering in the global economy; by the World Bank was “established to promote long-term Economic Development” and promote a better standard of living by “providing Technical and financial support” to Affiliated countries ("The IMF and the World Bank"). Together these facilities frequently collaborate to promote global economic success by promoting and

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) seeks to "…foster global growth and economic stability," according to its Overview in the IMF web site. The IMF doesn't just loan money, it also provides "policy advice" along with financing to those members (among its 188 member countries) that are experiencing "economic difficulties" (www.IMF.org). Cooperation between IMF and its member nations is the key to being able to reduce poverty and stabilize economies, the IMF explains. Though the IMF is a "specialized agency of the United Nations," it has its own structure, policies and charter, and one of its most important tasks is to alert any of those within its 188-country membership about potential "…risks on the horizon" that could create financial problems down the road (www.IMF.org).

Introduction
The United States of America 's economy has been on the decline for several years although there has not been much official acceptance of the relative decline. This decrease has in no doubt put a lot of pressure on the development and sustainability of International Financial institutions. This paper discussed the perceived/relative decline, the development of some of the international economic institutions, the difficulties faced by these establishments when setting them up. The paper will also look at the correlation between the US economy and the International Economic Institutions.

In the mid-1970s, countries which had borrowed heavily in order to pay for oil imports were hit hard. The real interest rates on loans rapidly escalated, while prices for commodities used to earn foreign exchange to repay these debts fell rapidly. The recession in 1981 and 82 took hold and this vice-like grip led to the Mexican debt crisis of 1982 followed by the initiation of Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) by the IMF. From that time, indebted countries would only receive new loans on condition of a major "restructuring" of their entire economies, which is always the same recipe based on the slashing of public sector-funded national development projects and social welfare. The aim was (and

In the early 1980s, an economic crisis swept across Sub-Saharan Africa. In an effort to revitalize the region, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), more commonly known as the World Bank, adopted resolutions that worked to ensure almost all countries of the subregion instituted programmes of economic reconstruction, described as “structural adjustment programmes” (SAP). This paper analyzes the most recent outbreak of Ebola in West Africa and how, along with a multitude of other factors, the SAPs served to create a perfect storm, ultimately resulting in the spread of Ebola throughout Western Africa. This topic, structural adjustment, relates to readings and lectures by both Professor Michael Smith of the University of Virginia Politics Department and Assistant Professor China Scherz of the University of Virginia Anthropology Department.

1.The international financial institutions (IFIs) are central pillars and the architects of the global economy. The world bank and IMF were founded and funded by the United states after the second world war to build shattered world economy after the war and great depression of the 1930s (socialist alternative,). The creation of the IFIs was to bring about a global economy after the “isolation economy” which some argue brought about the Second World War. The IFIs were to help the economy of the less developing countries (LDCs) to bring about growth and development, a phenomenon known as globalization.