A study conducted by Cheek, Nestor & Liu (2015) found Injection drug use was positively associated with suicide attempts, but not suicide ideation or suicide plans. This study also can be explained by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, which stated you needed to remove the fear of death to go from ideation to attempter (Joiner, 2005). In this study injection drug use removed the fear of death. Also injection drug use was associated with the suicide attempts among suicide planners (Cheek, Nestor & Liu, 2015). Which further supports the concept that substance use can remove the fear of dying and can take an individual from suicide ideation to suicide
"More people in the general population die from suicide than homicide in North America. There are almost 11 suicide deaths each year for every 100,000 people living in the United States, and for every suicide, there are between 8 and 25 attempts" (Brent 4203). Based on this research, the great effect of suicide is displayed. According to dictionary.com, suicide can be defined as "the intentional taking of one's own life." Suicide is a major issue for all people, but it most obviously affects those ranging from ten to twenty-four. People need to understand the tremendous ramifications caused from suicide everyday; when people take their lives, others lose their loved ones. Suicide, one of the leading causes of death of numerous people each day, has reached a crisis point for adolescents and young adults, and it needs to be prevented.
The Canadian Nurses Association, Registered Nurses Association of Ontario and the Association of Registered Nurses of British Columbia, all support Insite (Bard, 2011). Nurses are placed in a difficult situation when caring for IDU 's and are given constitutional protection, without which, they would expose themselves and other staff to criminal charges simply for caring for their patients (Bard, 2011). Not only has Insite provided access to community support services such as addiction treatment and mental health programs, it has also been productive reducing the fatalities from overdosing and the spreading infectious diseases (Bard, 2011).
Imagine that you are the pilot of a plane traveling to a new and exciting destination. Early in the journey the plane takes off and soars high into the sky where you feel like you are on top of the world, looking down from above at all of the beauty underneath you. On the way to your destination you are anxious and full of excitement in anticipation of the new journey that you are about to experience when all of the sudden your plane starts to shake and you find yourself losing control. At this point you have two options: You can try to change course to regain control and make it through the turbulence or you can continue with what you are doing and let the plane spiral to the ground in a firey crash. This scenario is similar to the life
Most persons who later attempt suicide have given some indication of being at risk, of having ideation or intent related to suicide. The suicide rate among physicians and nurses is higher than in the general population; their special knowledge of pharmacology and physiology can make attempts more likely to be lethal. Most people who complete suicide have made at least one previous attempt, and a history of prior attempts is one of the strongest predictors of future risk. Some attempts may appear unlikely to have succeeded from the outset, because the means was one of low lethality (e.g., choking oneself with socks wrapped around the neck) or because circumstances would have led to
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has published a fact sheet of statistics on suicide in the United States. In 2007, it is reported that suicide was the tenth leading cause of death. Furthermore, for every suicide committed, eleven were attempted. A total of 34,598 deaths occurred from suicide with an overall rate of 11.3 suicide deaths per 100,000 people. (NIMH, 2010). Risk factors were also noted on this report and listed “depression and other mental disorders, or a substance abuse disorder (often in combination with other mental disorders). More than ninety percent of people who die by suicide have these risk factors (NIMH, 2010).”
People commit suicide on a daily basis, not only in the United States of America, but all over the entire world. Dying by suicide or losing someone from suicide can be incredibly traumatic for families, loved ones, and the victim. Also, dying from suicide by hanging, shooting, or harming oneself is not the utmost, moral, or ethical way to die, due to the physical pain. Furthermore, there are a
Heroin, methamphetamine, and opioids have been around for centuries and the use of these drugs is not a new phenomenon. The use of injection drugs causes individual’s serious harm and have placed large expenses on the health care system. “Heroin, cocaine and other drugs kill around 0.2 million people each year, shattering families and bringing misery to thousands of other people” (United Nations iii); Because of-these incidents harm reduction strategies have been put in place to create a safer and more educated population, but it has only been a start. ‘Safe injection sites’ has become a well talked about term in the last decade. The term itself refers to a physical place
Needle exchange programs have long been a controversial subject with both the general population and government lawmakers. The primary objective for needle exchange programs (NEPs) is to prevent the spread of blood-borne disease and is very successful in doing so. But, issues of morality due to the perception of drug enablement and the stigma of intravenous drug users (IDUs) and their potential effects on the decline of society are continually used as arguments for those against NEPs. It has been proven through many studies that these programs not only reduce harms associated with intravenous drug use, they are also cost effective and reduce the circulation of used syringes to the general population. Beyond epidemiological efforts, NEPs also provide a de-stigmatized center for gathering and offers health services such as HIV testing, counselling and referrals to treatment for drug addiction. This paper aims to highlight the efficacy of needle exchange programs, safe injection sites and address the social and political issues associated with them.
Suicide behavior arise in adolescence, a period when significant mood and disturb behavior preoccupied with death (Stoep, 2009). Teen suicide rates are disturbing and have been increasing in the current years base on statistic (Croft, 2016). The increasing number of teen suicide have cause awareness and brought attention to observance in teen suicide (Croft, 2016). It is said to be the third leading cause of death seen from 10 to 19 year old. Female are more likely to initiate suicide than male. Male often use harsh method to attempt suicide such as guns, while female often consume excessive amount of sleeping pill to cause overdose or slit
Studies show a vast number of risk and protective factors in adolescent suicide attempters (Joe, Baser, Breeden, Neighbors, & Jackson, 2006, Nock, 2009). The risk factor I chose to look at is substance use. Some researchers suggest a relationship between substance use and suicidality. (Garlow, Purselle, & Heninger, 2007, Schilling, Aseltine, Glanovsky, James & Jacobs, 2009). In the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, it was reported that Alcohol and Marijuana had the most
Suicide rate is a grow problem in the United States according to the American foundation for suicide prevention more than 41,149 suicides were reported in 2013. The highest rate of suicides is committed by adults between age 45-64 and this is especially true amongst the elderly. Older adults are inflected with a terminal disease, loneness and depression and because of this they are committing suicide at a higher rate. Suicide amongst the men is steadily higher than women, in 2013, 77.9% were male and 22.1% were female. Men success rate for suicide is much higher, because their attempt is more lethal, for example, men are more than likely to shot themselves, whereas women are more likely to use poisons to end their life. Suicide Rate committed race/ethnicity was higher among Whites 14.2%, American Indians and Alaska Natives 11.7%, Asians and Pacific Islanders 5.8%, Blacks 5.4% and Hispanics 5.7%. According to the mean method used to commit suicide is a firearm, then suffocation and poisoning. The main cause of suicide is due to mental health condition and depression is at the foremost leading factor.
25 % of completed suicides occur by those who are drug abusers and those with alcohol abuse problems. More than 50 % of teens who commit suicide have a history of alcohol and drug use. People become impulsive and attempt to end their own lives. The remorse is usually genuine, and whether or not they’ll ever attempt suicide again is unpredictable. Substance abuse and the underlying reasons for it are a greater concern in these people and should be addressed.
In cities along the U.S.– Mexico border injection drug use is a rising problem, and users are at high risk of blood-borne infections, hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Syphilis due to increased rates of unprotected sex (Frost et al., 2006). Patterson reported 75% of female sex workers in Ciudad (Cd.) Juárez, Mexico were injection drug users (IDUs) (2006). Those who trade of sex for compensation tend to engage in injection drug use, thus increasing risk of STIs, like syphilis (Frost et al., 2006). These STIs increase the risk of HIV infection in those who are HIV-negative and increase the risk of infecting others in those who are HIV-positive (NAM Publications, 2017). Cd. Juárez and Tijuana border cities that
Suicide is a main source of death around the world and ranks among the three main causes of death among young adults aged between 15-45 years. Indeed, a response to this continuous worldwide issue, the World Health Organization called for the prevention of suicide (WHO, 2015). Several studies have evaluated some of the contributing factors, however, the connection between suicide and the evaluated factors is conclusively positive or negative.
Ninety percent of the general populations who submit suicide have a mental or substance mishandles scatter or both. (May,