The Invention Of The Dye Industry

During World War II, Germany’s military was superior to anyone else in the world, with far more advanced technology, tactics, and weaponry. They had a fearless leader who would stop at nothing to make his country great again. Their closest rival, the Soviet Union, was almost out of the picture with a death toll of over 26 million. On top of that, Germany had nothing to lose, and would not conceivably stop. So how then, with all odds against them, did the Allies win the war? A combination of factors affected Germany’s downfall, such as lack of morale, unwieldy weapons, and failure to work with its so-called allies.

There is a sense that modern weapons during the 20th century proved to be the most technological advancements and thus created competition in which sprawled into a new stage of warfare enlightenment. At the brink of the war and the salient of forces perhaps the most technological tool used had been the trenches. The pursuit of territorial conquest would halt at the trench lines inventing a new progression in how war is envisioned today. The disadvantages often outnumber the benefits of war, however, war managed to create a boosted in advanced warfare starting as early as the Franco-Prussian War. As the war progressed during 1914, items such as uniforms called for change. The sense of pride in nationality struck in numbers and not in bright colors. For the sake of duty and country was the most powerful drive including those who sought ground in the western lines.

Another important reason for the defeat of Germany is the effective integration of technologies which the Allies had employed by the end of the war. By the end of the war Allied (particularly British) command had improved technologies and had learnt to use them better than earlier in the war. Technologically, the Allies had a great advantage in 1918 onwards: Germany had some very high quality, but very few tanks and aircraft. By the war's end, Germany had 45 tanks whilst the Allies had almost 3,500, and even Germany's 45 tanks were mostly Allies tanks in disrepair or Germany's notoriously unreliable A7V. The Allies also had an air advantage: by late 1918

The retelling, dating to April of 1915, details the horrors of the new weapon: “Hundreds, after a dreadful fight for air, became unconscious and died where they lay – a death of hideous torture” (Document 4). This appalling use of chemical weapons would often be repeated in

On April 22 the Germans sought to remove the Salient by introducing a new weapon of modern warfare- poison gas. Following an intensive artillery bombardment, they released 160 tons of chlorine gas from cylinders dug into the forward edge of their trenches into a light northeast wind.4 “As thick clouds of yellow-green chlorine drifted over their trenches the French

Through industrialization, Germany had many advantages over France when it came to the production of mechanized weaponry. The soldier’s strategies now revolved around the improvement of technology as well as their ease of access to supplies. The need for technology throughout the war allowed for the manufacturing of lethal chemicals such as chlorine and mustard gas. France was the first to use this modern style of warfare, however, German scientists would soon give rise to new and improved chemical concoctions, which would lead to mass destruction of the allies. Through trial and error, the creation of these chemicals by the German forces leads to the manifestation of many defense mechanisms for the allies; one of which were gas masks. These masks were to be worn over the mouth and nose and contained charcoal filters, which neutralized the acids in the chemicals. Midway through chapter 2 Baumer recounts his visit to a nearby hospital, in which “the gas patients…cough up their burnt lungs in clots”(Pg.68). As the amount of soldiers injured by chemical burns increased on both sides of enemy lines, the need for hospitals and staff also increased

I just came back from a battle near the city of Ypres. The German forces launched 5700 canisters of chlorine gas at the Allied forces. You could see the yellow-green clouds of gas rolling towords our lines. It was devastating. The gas affected over 10,000 people, killing half of them. The cause of death was asphyxiation. The Algerian forces retreated, and the Germans moved forward to fill the gaps, albeit cautiously. They stopped after only 3.25 kilometres and dug in. That allowed us soldiers to recover. We fought all night to try and close the gap. Then came another gas attack. Their target was us, the Canadian line. We were suffocating, so we covered our faces with urine-covered handkerchiefs.

The gases used in World War I included mustard gas and chlorine gas. Chlorine showed its effects on the soldiers much quicker than mustard gas did. With mustard gas, after a while, one could see blisters forming on their body, and not soon after in their throat making it difficult to breathe (Briggs). Suffocation is one of the worse ways to die because one would suffer for longer. Poison gases’ inhumanity caused an antagonistic effect on the war because the only thing lethal gas has proven is that the only thing important in war is murder and not resolving issues.

In the battle, some of the first fights consisted of lance corporal Frederick Fisher of the 13th Battalion CEF's machine-gun detachment. Fisher went out twice with a few men and a Colt machine gun, and pushed back advancing German troops from passing through St. Julien from the back of the Canadian front line, but he was sadly killed the day after. The worst part, however, was when they released the chlorine gas, which was an enormous green-yellow gas cloud that went towards the French lines and had an odour, resembling pineapples and pepper. When it was over their positions, I could do nothing but watch the French troops either suffocate or flee, with their eyes and throats burning from the chlorine. Most of the gas missed us, but the French retreat had exposed our left flank and threatened the destruction of our position. I was part of the Canadian 2nd Battalion that was hurried to fill the abandoned positions, but the German gas attack had torn a huge gap, in the Allied line. We fought tremendously to defend this exposed area. We were outnumbered, outgunned, and outflanked, and on the morning of 24 April, the Germans released a gas cloud towards

he video title the “WWI Germany Secret Gambles “was enlightening in my opinion. Prior wars were fought force on force, not at the strategic level for the majority of the time. Preceding WWI battles were the won by the infantry soldiers who has the possibility of fighting hand to hand with the opposing soldier. The major change that was noticed during WWI is the war was fought on multiple fronts. A lot of thinking went into how battles were supplied, and sustained by German leadership not just what is happening on the battlefield. Intelligence played a major role in German military tactics, it was used outsmart enemy forces. Hindering the supply effort to the front line was a major issue that the United States were not ready to thwart.

After German’s failed attempt to take France under the Schleiffen Plan in 1914, the war entered into a stalemate between German and French/British forces.1 To break the stalemate Germany attempted to force France into battles that they were required to defend at all cost and in turn exhausting France’s precious resources of men and supplies.2 One such example is the siege of Verdun and the end result for Germany was not the collapse and fall of France as they expected, so the stalemate continued along with the very effective British naval blockade.3 The longer than expected war and the naval blockade left Germany’s interior in shambles. In 1916 Germany suffered from inflation on goods and starvation of its civilian populace, which lead to riots

“Gassed” is in the perspective of American artist John Sargent’s, who travelled to the front lines in 1918 and witnessed the aftermath of mustard gas attacks during the Second Battle of Arras. Source one is reliable as Sargent was a witness to the aftermath to the German barrage in 1918, thus has sound insight. “Gassed” is reliable as evidence of the camaraderie of soldiers as well as the credulous nature of commanders to the prospective injuries, due to the limited knowledge on the ramifications of mustard gas. This is evident in the soldier’s lack of protective clothing and administration of the victims. Source one is reliable due to the consistency with other sources, evident in the diary entry Sir John French , further highlighting the

The rapid advancement into Poland by the German Army in September 1939 proved to be surprisingly successful. Dubbed the “Blitzkrieg,” Germany’s use of combined-arms warfare was “a race against time…on the tactical, operational and strategic levels” for the Wehremacht and would result in several dramatic successes throughout the war. Despite these successes, Germany was not able to exploit the tactical victories at the operational level of war. This was primarily due to a lack of confidence in the tactic by many German Generals and by not allowing subordinate leaders to exercise initiative in the absence or orders. In order to understand why the Blitzkrieg did not prove to be a war-winning innovation for Germany, one must first understand how it was initially employed and why it proved so successful.

Some of the abstract expressionist paintings are interesting for the fact that they would be really hard for Renaissance masters to make. A major factor in the ability in such paintings is the sheer amount of material required. Paint is just pigments suspended in a medium such as oil, tempera, or just plain water. Before the 19th century, mass production of paints was not a feasible thing. Synthesis of pigments could be an arduous, or even fatal process, because of the rarity, or toxicity of the compounds needed. The pigments used were generally difficult to acquire, for example ultramarine, a deep blue color is made of a gemstone called lapis lazuli, which only came from a region in northern afghanistan. The yellows were made of lead, or arsenic,

World War I was made even worse by the work of industrial chemists. In July 1917, troops based in Ypres, Belgium, reported a shimmering cloud around their feet and a strange peppery smell in the air. Within 24 hours they started to itch uncontrollably and developed horrific blisters and sores. Some started coughing up blood. This was all results of one of the most deadly chemical weapons deployed in battle, mustard gas. Because mustard gas can be absorbed through the skin, gas masks were useless. Even fully clothed soldiers weren’t fully protected. Towards the end of the Great War, this gas had not only killed and crippled but instilled terror across the battlefield. Mustard gas was produced for the first time in 1822 but its harmful