The Ismaili Da ø Wa

A change that occurred in the political life of Islamic civilization was the shift from the election of a Caliphate to a more dynastical system. Previously, the caliphates were elected by the Islamic community. Capable leaders were preferred over heirs who were not as qualified. Sunni Muslims were firm believers of this concept, while Shia muslims believed that Ali should’ve

The first six Imams in order are Ali-Bin-Abi-Talib, Alhassan-bin-Ali, Alhussain-bin-Ali, Ali-Ibn-Husayn or Zain-Al-Abidin, Mohammad-AlBaqir, and Ja’far-AlSadiq. After the death of the sixth Imam, there were disagreements about who supposed to be next. The majority of Shias have a faith that Musa Al-kadhim is the seventh Imam. On the other hand, Isma’ilist consider Muhammad-Ibn-Ismail, to whom the whole doctrine was named, the seventh

The Shia Muslims believe that following the Prophet Muhammad's death, leadership should have passed directly to his cousin/son-in-law, Ali. Throughout history, Shia Muslims have not recognized the authority of elected Muslim leaders, choosing instead to follow a line of Imams which they believe have been appointed by the Prophet Muhammad or God Himself. The word "Shia" in Arabic means a group or supportive party of people. The commonly-known term is shortened from the historical "Shia-t-Ali," or "the Party of Ali." They are also known as followers of "Ahl-al-Bayt" or "People of the Household". The historical background of the differences of the two different Muslim faiths is important to recognize due to the significance of its effect on Afghan culture and lifestyle.

The Islamic civilization spread to encompass such an extensive empire by using their resources and becoming a peaceful civilization with peaceful people.

division between Shia (followers of Ali) and Sunni (followers of the custom of the caliphate)

Ali shared the same blood as Muhammad. In their opinion, this made Ali holy. Shi’ites saw caliphs more as spiritual and temporal leaders rather than rulers. Each side had its rational notions, but since more people followed Bakr, he was appointed the next caliph. Shi’ite remained under his guidance, but felt it was an abomination.

The sultan was regarded as the, “protector of Islam.” (footnote). Sunni-Islam was and still is the largest denomination of Islam and the people were more tolerant than the Shia with people of others religions and ethnicity. According to the text, “Worlds Together, Worlds Apart,” The sultans realized that the Sharia, the Islamic holy law, would not work because it did not address many important issues. Because the Ottoman Empire was so diverse, the region was in need of comprehensive laws to act as a bridge to maintain the difference within the social and legal system. Sunnis did not force Islam on other religions yet encouraged them to convert. Little did leaders know, this level of tolerance would give the empire a slight advantage with trade expansion than the Safavid

The Safavid Empire began in Azerbaijan. The empire continued to expand during Shah Abbas's reign but after his death, the dynasty gradually lost its vigor. At first, Shah Ismail, the founder of the Safavid dynasty, tried to convert members of the Ottoman Empire into Shiites. This resulted in massacre of the Sunni Muslims in 1508. Alarmed, the Ottomans fought back and won a major battle. However, after a few years, Ismail regained the land. Many years later, the Ottomans attacked back and forced the new shah, Abbas, to sign a treaty. It was Abbas who led the Safavids to their highest point. The political and social structure was strong. Senior positions in the bureaucracy were by merit rather than by birth. Religious tolerance was practiced. Abbas hired foreigners from neighboring countries for positions in his government to avoid religious competition. The shahs also took a direct interest in the economy, playing an active part in trade and manufacturing. The artistic excellence was

Safavid Empire were a native Iranian period of time with the same powerful family rulers from Azerbaijan that ruled from 1501 to 1736. It established Shi'a Islam as Iran's official religion and united its areas of a country under a single Iranian independent power of a country in the early modern period. This clearly made different to Iran from the Ottomans, who were Sunnis. Thus, the central holy and untouchable places of Sunni Islam would always be in the Arabian Peninsula and the places were much closer to Iraq, took prisoners by force by the Safavids in 1623 but then they gave up again to the Ottomans in 1639. The Safavids generally ruled over a peaceful and rich empire and their death was followed by a period of unrest but then they clever got together as partners with powers in order to protect themselves from the Ottomans.

Ali’s son Husayn was sought out and asked to lead a revolt against the Uyammad’s. When Husayn set out on his journey to overthrow Yazid, the current caliph, his “supporters” failed to join his band. Husayn and 72 of his followers were killed on the plains of Karbala, Iraq. Thus the Shi’at Ali (Party of Ali) or Shia sect of Islam was born (Egger 2004). The Sunni sect would continue to support what they saw as the traditional path of Islam.

As a political tactic, rulers often portray themselves in a certain way in order to stabilize their reign and rule more effectively. Some take the approach of uniqueness by setting themselves apart from their subject population while others take the approach of sameness by emphasizing the similarities in which they share with the people. Not exclusively limited to apartness or sameness, some rulers have shown to employ a mix of both ruling styles. It is these versatile rulers who have experienced more successes in their reign because they are not compelled to only one ruling style, allowing them to better adapt to the needs of their ruling population. The apartness ruling style is best seen in the Safavid Empire under the rule of Shah Ismail. Shah Ismail uses religion as a political tool to control his state and does so by declaring Shi’ism, a smaller branch of Islam, as the state religion (#). After separating himself & his people from those who are not willing to abide to his ideologies, Shah Ismail can now demand the absolute loyalties from his subjects and persecute those who are deviant. This radical act further creates a deep chasm between Shi’ite Muslims and nearby Sunni Muslims neighbors. As a result, cultural flow and the exchange of beliefs between Sunni & Shi’ite states are essentially hindered. Ismail’s apartness ruling approach is taken to the extreme with social, religious, and legal systems being strictly confined to Shi’ite doctrines (@). It is noted that

A tradition of a culture is sacred and special to their lifestyle and well-being. However, outside entities can take a certain negative feature or aspect of a culture and twist it into custom or tradition. Not only falsely representing that culture, but also demeaning its actual traditions and values. In Aladdin, Islam and the middle eastern religious background is belittled and mocked tremendously. From the very first scene, the theme of a barbaric land is established, and lyrics come over the speakers in the original opening song: “Where they cut off your ear if they don’t like your face / It’s barbaric, but, hey, it’s home.” (source) Advocating for the senseless and imminent danger always present due to the irrational tradition of someone

shia/Shiite – refers to a member of a Islam faith which believes Ali is the “legitimate successor of Muhammad” (Dictionary)

Muslim culture generally reflects the traditions and customs of Muslims that they adopt for a perfect and respectable life in the society according to the lessons of Quran. Muslim culture is a giant combination of diverse cultures, That’s because Muslims live in various countries all over the world. Most of the practices are common faiths and guidance for all Muslims no matter what country or even content they reside in.. These basic faiths and belives are based on the teachings of Islam. The Muslim culture is a subject of debate for many people who lives in different parts of the world and belong to diverse communities. Muslim culture represents the unification of brotherhood where all Muslims are bound to

Abu Jahl was the primary antagonist of Muhammad. He was the Quraish leader and lead the Meccan army into the Battle