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The Issue Of Human Trafficking

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14. "Human trafficking" was not defined in international, regional, and national laws until the late 2000s in Article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (Trafficking Protocol) , and the optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, and Child Pornography (CRC Protocol) .
15. At the same token, Rwanda enacted the new penal code criminalizing human trafficking in combination with forced labor articles and other provisions of law. For instance, Chapter 8 prescribes penalties of imprisonment or fines for internal trafficking, and imprisonment for transnational trafficking. Article 51 relating to the rights and protection of the child outlaws child trafficking, prostitution, and slavery.

16. These legal measures have been supplemented by major international and regional policies and programs that reinforce the international legal requirements set forth in the new multilateral treaties . Together, these steps evidence a commitment by the international community to address this modern form of slavery.
17. The important issue is the degree to which these measures have been effective. These new developments, while they reflect something of a renewed focus on human trafficking, have not emerged out of a vacuum. Instead, they build upon - intentionally or not - the historical approach to

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