The Issue Of Medical Research

Most American citizens would agree that modern medicine has drastically changed American Society. The progression of medicine has impacted American lives in multiple ways. It has changed how the United States military uses medicine, how American scientists research medicine, and how everyday American citizens use medicine. Just 100 years ago, the people of the time period would not have been able to comprehend the medical advances that today’s society experiences, and what postmodern societies will continue to experience. Over time, the progression of medicine affected American soldiers during times of war, changed how diseases were discovered and treated, and impacted the way 21st century Americans view medicine and medical professionals.

A 35-year-old man named Paul, who has a supportive wife and two adventurous kids, has been diagnosed with a very severe case of bone cancer for 1 year now. Since this type of cancer is so severe, chemotherapy is starting to not work as well. Paul’s oncologist unfortunately had to suggest a final option for Paul to try which was a clinical research trial. Clinical research trials are experimental studies that deem whether or not a medical drug, treatment, surgery, or device is safe and beneficial for humans to use ("National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"). As explained in Marcia Angell’s Article, “The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World”, the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Health Organization (WHO) provides a guideline

Many dark Americans don't believe their medicinal services suppliers to act to their greatest advantage. Research has demonstrated that blacks are substantially less liable to report confide in their doctors and clinics; along these lines, are more averse to look for treatment or be consistent with suggested treatment plans.The restorative group should think about this aggregate feeling of dark doubt in medication, as it is a main consideration in the very much archived wellbeing variations amongst blacks and whites.In many cases, when blacks have an indistinguishable ailments from their white partners, blacks are significantly more likely kicked the bucket sooner. For example, blacks are three times more inclined to kick the bucket of asthma

The documentary Sick Around the World has really opened my eyes about the United States health care system. The diversity of health-care systems in other countries would make individuals think that the United States would have thoughts of changing a majority of their policies. The information given in the documentary was factual and useful to my knowledge. The information also provides me with ways I could approach my future career in health care, which is epidemiology. As an epidemiologist, disease would be my main focus point which produces an impact on individuals. More disease, equals more health care and more expenses. In this paper, I intend to include details about the documentary, present an analysis of what was shown, and express my reaction to the video.

Everyday, people all over the world are suffering from life threatening diseases such as polio, measles, and chicken pox. Diseases may not seem like that big of a problem to us, but that is only because we rarely have to deal with such problems due to our blessing of herd immunity inside American borders. If you are a citizen of the United States, you probably know about the safety and protection we are provided by living here. Consequently, you may attribute our security to government and troops, the protection of our health provided to United States’ citizens is the backbone of what continues to grow our population, better our country, and prevent epidemic outbreaks. Scientists and doctors play a

When reviewing this week’s lecture and readings, I was met with a wealth of information, specifically, that informed consent, isn’t a one-time kind of thing, that in reality, it’s a process, one which is always in flux. With that being said, although the “International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects” is glaringly tedious, there were still some guidelines I took issue with. For example, Guideline 5 “Justification of the involvement of children” as Lyons herself states, this amorphous notion that children are deemed qualifiable for research if they are ‘reasonable’, What does that even mean? What constitutes a child as reasonable enough to understand the burden, risks and benefits of a clinical trial? Nevertheless, I understand that children, first and foremost, demand our protection because they are an extremely vulnerable population, but also necessitate scientific research in their own right. It is a nice sentiment, that adults should undergo clinical research in lieu of a child, but as stated in Santoro – “Extrapolations from adult studies and experiences are not always appropriate given

Quoting Newton, “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.” From this, we can understand that no matter what a human being does, there is always a ready-made answer for it. Smallpox is a virus that killed more than 300 million people by the 20th century (BBC, 2011). But, the cure for it was Edward Jenner’s vaccine. Swine flu killed more than 300,000 people during 2009 (The Sydney Morning Herald, 2012). But, the cure for it was a set of effective and successful vaccines. Like this, medical advancements have been playing an important role in all human beings by creating a new layer of protection to all those viruses out there. As a virologist working in the American Society of Virology, we test many

Suffering is a term used to describe the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship. In my personal opinion, I believe every individual will go through suffering at one point in their life nonetheless the reasons and opinions behind suffering may diverse. The two types of suffering are;

Bransford, J. B. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and shcool. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press..

In our previous discussion, we determined the specific area of research, which was how the field of computer science is invaluable to the field of medical research. The result of this came from analyzing three research papers that focused on the past and recent use of computer science within the conjunction of the life science field. It showed that with new technology rapidly growing, computer science has not only become extremely important to the medical science field, it has become an extremely vital part of the life science field. Now that we have accomplished this, to adequately concentrate on this we will continue our research by further conducting a review of more literature on the underlying

The direct influence of these scholarly and medical literature can be observed in popular media platforms such as newspapers and magazines that seemed to echo if not exactly reiterate the same sentiments and even statements. For example, a middle-class newspaper, The New York Tribune, published an article titled “Insanity is steadily increasing in Gotham” sub-headed by “Due to the large number of feeble-minded immigrants landing here and to the attractions which our fine asylums present.” In addition mirroring the use of the phrase “feeble-minded immigrants,” like the Medical Record, it is interesting to note that this article occupied more space than ¾ of the page it appeared on. Furthermore, its location in the front pages of the newspaper and its juxtaposition beneath an article about the capitalistic nature of the government, accompanied by a picture of a house depicting the ‘American dream’ is strikingly ironic. Though the audience of this newspaper is perhaps less informed than those reading the scholarly journals and medical literature, it succeeds in leaving even the average person wondering if and how capitalism and immigration are related regardless of their socioeconomic status or political knowledge.

"Medical literature is the scientific literature of medicine: articles in journals and texts in books devoted to the field of medicine"(Wikipedia). When entering the healthcare field, it is very important to familiarize yourself with medical literature and how to properly document medical findings. AMA format was not designed to be used for a research paper. It was designed for the use of medical journal articles. A paper written in AMA format must include four major parts: A title page, an abstract, the main body, and the reference page(AMA Formatting). The main body is further divided into 4 parts: introduction, methods, results, and discussion(AMA Formatting). Each part is very important and has its own set of guidelines. In the following text I will further discuss each part and how to properly assemble a medical paper in AMA format.

Scientists have developed various medicines and cured diseases by conducting biomedical research over the years. Animal research is one of the most common types of study in biomedical research. Statistics show that about 3.5 millions animals were used in biomedical research in the United Kingdom in 2009 (Festing 2010). Moreover, knowledge about the human heart and lungs has come from studies with dogs, and knowledge about the human immune system has been derived from mice (Gluck, Dipasquale, and Orlans 2002). Animal research helps to produce many vaccines and drugs, like penicillin, which, in turn, protect thousands of human lives. However, because of animal testing, lots of animals die and suffer during the research, which raises ethical

Throughout the course of human history people have been fascinated by the world around them. Ancient philosophers focused on the questions of human existence while early scientists searched for explanations beyond those that religion provided. Science became an outlet to provide answers to the unknown while creating further questions for future experimenters to seek information about. Simply observing and explaining nature failed to bring seekers of knowledge satisfaction. It was not enough to have knowledge, people desired to apply that knowledge, using it to create an advantage over nature. The eagerness to control nature sparked one of humankind’s largest debates. Pre and post enlightenment thinkers alike questioned the role of science and whether or not it should continue on the path of being master to nature. In the modern world, science still faces the same debate especially within the realm of medicine. Modern medicine has greatly increased life expectancy by decreasing the number of communicable disease outbreaks, but still doctors and scientist want to go further. Science and medicine have come to a point where it is possible to make changes to the human genome and use stem cells to create other cell types. While these advances have great potential they are being experimented with in ways that seem unnatural and wobble between what is ethical or unethical. With expansions in genetic research and our growing understanding of the human genome and genes in general,

Research is considered as the most dominating phenomenon of our civilization. The impact of research can be witnessed on us. Due to the ongoing advancement in every sector, scholars and practitioners from different academic and professional discipline participate in research. Research is conducted in different styles and settings, such as laboratories, classrooms, libraries and with the help of computer as well. Depending on the area of the research, some research take short duration whereas, few requires lot of time and consideration.