The Issues Raised by the Growth of Manchester and the Reaction to These Issues over the Course of the 19th Century

In the time of the Industrial Revolution, Manchester was a developing country, becoming a leading textile manufacturing center after the invention of the cotton mill was created in 1780. But for every action, there is an opposite reaction. Whether it was a drastic growth in population and how that affected Manchester, or the unsanitary conditions that workers went through every day, or how the working class was affected with all the reforms going on, Manchester at the time went through some dramatic issues.

The Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 1700’s. The Industrial Revolution was a time of new inventions, products, and methods of work. The results of the Industrial Revolution led to many short and long-term positive and negative effects. These results have been assessed from many viewpoints such as the factory workers, the factory owners, the government, and other people who observed the conditions in industrial cities.

From around 1750 to 1900 Britain went through major changes or transformation in industry, agriculture and transportation that affected everybody’s lives. For some it generally improved their lives, however not all were so lucky. The industrial revolution brought with it many changes good for some and bad for others.

At the time living conditions during the Industrial Revolution were poor. In Manchester the houses are overcrowded (Document 2). Most people lacked beds, food, clothing and more (Document 7). Most people spent 12-14 hours in a factory working with little to none breaks, enclosed rooms that are polluted, and not good pay. (Document 7). This

Supporters of the industrialization of Manchester were typically British politicians or businessmen, impressed by the progress and

During the nineteenth century, Manchester became one of the most industrialized cities in the world. Although the industrialization of Manchester was very efficient and successful for the modernization of man, the city’s growth also raised many issues in society. The growth of the city had negative and positive effects. Although the huge population growth in Manchester in the 1800s, delighted many people, for they though this had led to advances in manufacturing and other industries-the increase caused a multiple of other issues. Some of the issues included, problems with sanitation, home and family life, and industrialization. But fortunately, there were many reformers working to bring about change and bring justice where needed.

When Manchester first built its big mechanized cotton machine, it became the leading textile manufacturing city in the whole world. Much of its population in 1850s was made up with the working class and immigrants from parts of Britain and even Europe. In 1851, it was granted a royal charter after Queen Victoria's visit. The Reform Bill granted Manchester representation in parliament and middle-classmen the right to vote. All this was due to the exponential growth of Manchester during the Industrial Revolution. According to the Encarta World English Dictionary, Industrial Revolution was the period when U.K. went through social and economic changes that involved widespread adoption of industrial methods of production. The specialization of

The spread of industrialization rapidly altered and changed the city of Manchester during the nineteenth century. Of course there were positive effects that stemmed from this, but negative effects due to the growth of industrialization outnumbered the positive outcomes and are often overshadowed. The environmental hazards and the working conditions of the factory were enough to harm laborers and the gentry (documents 1, 2, 6, 7, 8 and 11), dulling the positive

Document 3 is an article written by Thomas B. Macaulay and a response to Robert Southey as is seen in Document 2. He argues that the expansion of the manufacturing system had led to a greater life expectancy because of the increase in food production, homes, clothing, as well as improved medical intravenous. However, since Macaulay was an active member of the Liberal Parliament, it was expected for him to have these types of views, due to the fact that the liberal party promotes change. As in Document 5 Alexis de Tocqueville, a French visitor to Manchester in 1835 states that from the sewers, although they may be filthy, "pure gold flows." Industrialization from Tocqueville point of view seems filthy. But, only if you see industrialization from his aspect Tocqueville is from a pre-revolutionary France, meaning that he had yet to discover the true astonishments of industrialization. In Document 9, Wheelan and Co. State that Manchester is by far the most attractive city in all of England, and its magnificence cannot be seen except when you're physically present. Compared to the first lines in Document 7, it collaborates on the improvements within the city. Nonetheless, since Wheelan and Co. Is a business, they are based on trying to gain the appeal to others within their reach. With William Alexander Abram, a journalist and a historian, published an article in 1868 with an explanation on how the factory laborers environment had improved to a great extent throughout the past quarter of a century (Document 10). Abram fights with the data of Document 8, arguing about how circumstances have changed to better the population's overall

Thomas B. Macaulay, a liberal member of parliament and a historian wrote in document two that the people in Manchester are now better clothed, housed better, and the sick are tended to more properly. He states that these improvemeets are a direct cause to the increase in national wealth that the manufacturing system produced. Being a member of Parliament he would approve of the increase in manufacturing since the government itself would benefit and be the ones who put forth actions to increase manufactured labor. His more positive reaction is to be expected. Document 5 is a preface to a business directory from Wheelan and Co. over Manchester being granted a royal charter. They describe Manchester as being remarkable with attractive features and that no part of London can compete with it. They describe the population as energetic with an enterprising spirit that has contributed to its large manufacturing success. As a business company that has most likely benefited from Manchesters large industry progressions their positive reaction and outlook can be expected. They are also writing about Manchester recieving a royal charter which is seen as an major accomplishment. And finally, document six was written by Alexander Abram, a journalist and historian. He writes that the conditions of the factory laborers has vastly improved during the last

Ever wonder about how the Industrial Revolution affected Manchester? Manchester had advanced greatly with many factories and new jobs available to the public. Manchester was advanced yet had many flaws. Industrialization brought many negative aspects such as poor living conditions, illnesses, and uncomfortable and overcrowded spaces.

The Industrial Revolution followed after cottage industries expanded and agriculture experienced a revolution. The textile industry especially sparked the nation’s prosperity; within the nineteenth century, Manchester, England emerged as the center of textile manufacturing after its first cotton mill was built in 1780 (Historical Background). The effective and productive industrial facilities were rich in provisions of coal and vitality, which prompted the quick development of the English economy and the nation's populace. Because of its rapid growth, its population expanded from 18,000 in 1750 to over 300,000 by 1851, mostly made up of laborers and immigrants. As found in History of Manchester, there was a monstrous population growth throughout

Especially in Great Britain and other European countries that also participated in the industrial revolution. The first document depicts two maps; one from the year 1750, and another from a century later, 1850. By examining these photographic renditions, there is a clear growth in size of the city. In 1850, the city is much larger than it was in 1750; this rapid expansion of Manchester was caused by more and more people moving to the city, and more and more factories. More factories means that there are more jobs, and more money being made. Moving on to document three, the author, Thomas Macaulay is refuting the arguments of people who think that the industrialization of Manchester is a bad thing. Macaulay argues that the industrial revolution is helping people to live more comfortably than ever. As a member of parliament, we can expect that Macaulay is well-versed in Manchester’s -as well as England’s- economic

What happens to Birmingham now, why is it no longer on par with London? Manchester, 1894 was their golden age, third busiest port in the country with only 40 miles away from the sea, having such a good located site how come it no longer on par with London. Is this the effect of the advance in technology that causes all this? Do we no longer need to have an equal balance in power in each of the city in order to balance out the power or wealth throughout the country? With the work of the labor and conservative government in Britain, today all the power are now flowing south leaving a gap in development in other part of the country. Let say if we were to moved the parliament or the queen to other city would this have any effect on the growth or the important of that particular city.

to industrialize. Soon after, cities were packed with factories everywhere, which is when people started to notice pollution. Alexis de Tocqueville, a French aristocrat who visited Manchester in