The Japanese Judicial System Essays

In the U.S. judicial system, a defendant found guilty in a trial court can normally appeal to a higher federal court. These federal courts, or appellate courts, review decisions made by trial courts (Neubauer, 2010). Appellate courts can be on the federal and state level, but do not hold trials or hear new evidence. These courts consist of a judge, or a lawyer, or a group of either one, who read the transcript of the trial and whether the previous decision correctly or incorrectly followed the law (Neubauer, 2010). Similar to trial courts, the federal government and most states have made two different types of appellate courts: intermediate, which hear all cases, and supreme courts, which can pick and choose the cases heard (Neubauer, 2010). Even though there are many different types of courts within the judicial system of the United States, the role of the judge stays constant throughout the majority of branches.

The supreme court is the highest, most important court in the United States and the titles of the men and women who serve on the high court are associate justices. There are over nine judges who are on the supreme court, eight are associate justices and one is the chief justice. They are all appointed by the presidet but they are approved by the senate. The term of office for the nine judges who serve for the high court is for life. There are over 91 district courts, which are the lowest courts, and 12 appellate courts. Three courts that are part of the federal judicial system are the Court of Military Appeals, United States Claims Court, and United States Tax Court. The nine type of cases the Supreme court and federal courts have jurisdiction over are the constitution, federal laws, treaties, law governing ships, the United States government itself, ambassadors or public ministers, two or more state governents, citizens od different states and a state or its citizens versus a foreign country or foreign citizen. The process of checking the laws of our land is called the judicial review. When the supreme court declares a law unconstitutional, it means that the law goes against the constitution of the United States. In order for a person to be convicted of treason two witnessess must testify, telling the exact same story and/or the accused must confess in a

The judicial branch, or the judiciary, is basically the court system for the United States. Their main purpose is to make sure all laws passed are in accordance with the Constitution, and to resolve any disagreements. The decisions in the courtroom are either ruled constitutional or unconstitutional. They also have judicial review which is the ability to declare laws unconstitutional. The head of the judiciary is the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is made up of nine judges, one of which is called the chief justice. The judges are appointed by the President and supported by the Senate if they are in agreement. These judges do not

The main job of the Judicial Branch is to interpret laws. The name of the highest court is the Supreme Court. The leader of the Judicial Branch is John J. Robert Jr. The members that are appointed by is the President. The members of approved by is the Senate. The others are the District courts and the Appellate Courts. The qualifications of the Judicial Branch is none. The number of members are 9. The term of office is forever for life. The Supreme Court judge can only be remove by retirement, death, or impeachment. The Judicial Branch determines if a law breaks the Constitutions

The Supreme Court is the highest level of the federal court system. It consists of nine justices, including a chief justice and eight associate justices. Very rarely do cases originate on the level of the Supreme Court. The judges and justices that preside over the courts of the United States determine the constitutionality of laws and legislation.

The Supreme Court of the United States, also known as the highest judicial body in the country, leads the federal judicial system. The Supreme Court is made up of the Chief Justice and eight other Associate Justices. With presidential nomination, these judges are on the Court for life and have the most important cases to deal with in their jurisdiction. Our current makeup of the Supreme Court consists of Chief Justice, John G. Roberts, Jr., having

The Judicial branch consists of justices and courts in the US, and their job is to interpret the laws created by Congress. The highest court of the US is the Supreme Court and the title of those who serve on the high court is associate judges. There are nine judges, eight associate judges and one chief judge. Those judges are appointed by the president, approved by the senate, and serve for life. There are ninety one district courts and twelve appeal courts. Courts have jurisdiction over the Constitution, federal laws, treaties. Laws governing ships, the United States government itself, ambassadors or public ministers, two or more state government, citizens of different states, and a state or its citizens versus a foreign country.

The judiciary system is defined by Article III in the Constitution and Section 2 describes the powers and limitations that court system has. The purpose of the judiciary is to handle interpretations of the laws created by the constitution and any disputes that arises between parties, cases may be brought to the court, the court cannot create cases. There are 3 levels in the court system, which is true for the state judiciary as well as the Federal level. The two lower levels attempt resolve issues while lessoning the burden on the supreme courts. The lowest level of court is the district court aka trial courts,

The U.S has a dual court system including state and federal courts. The federal court system is limited and cases brought to the federal court usually involve a federal question based on the U.S constitution, treaty, or law. The federal court also takes cases that involve diversity of citizenship. A judicial requirement is that there must be sufficient stake to justify bringing a sue.The federal court system consists of a three-tiered model. It includes U.S district courts, U.S court of appeals, and the U.S supreme court. The U.S district court is where trials take place and where testimony is taken. The court of appeals reviews the record of a trial to determine whether there was an error that took place. The U.S supreme court is the highest

The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and eight associate justices. The Chief Justice is John G. Roberts and the associate justices are Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Elena Kagan, Sonia Sotomayor, Ruth Bader Ginsberg, Stephen Breyer and Anthony

It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" (majority vote) of the Senate , eight judges include The Judicial Branch of the U.S. government is made up of federal courts and judges. The judges are appointed by the President of the United States and they are confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Federal Supreme Court judges, also called Justices, are appointed for life, and because they are not elected they are free to make decisions based on conscience not on election

The Appellate Division of the Supreme Court is an appellate court composed by five judges without jury, except in the case of the 2nd Judicial Department that it is composed by four judges without jury. This court hears and decides civil and criminal appeals from the Court of Claims, Supreme Court, Surrogate’s Court and Family Court of the Four Judicial Departments. The Appellate Term Court reviews just questions of law.

Japan operates under the Eastern Asia legal tradition, whereas the United States operates under the common legal tradition. The differences are quite distinct. For example, according to Hahn (1983):

Japan is generally weighed as being an eccentric, yet remarkable country compared to most. It 's unmistakable and precious culture, industrialized triumph, and immense conformity of the population is just a few examples. Having these standards, Japan has been examined and distinguished to be one of the most leading countries for the lowest crime rate in the world. “Japan shows the lowest overall crime rate with 22 incidents per 100 inhabitants, and the second lowest property crime rate” (Entorf, Spengler, 2002:21). This is a tremendous achievement for such an industrialized and high-populated country. Perhaps, some are contemplating on how Japan became to have one of the lowest crime rates, along with its influence and operation of its law enforcement system used today to service this success. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to educate and present a meticulous understanding of law enforcement in Japan as a whole. This paper will highlight the following: provide an analysis of the history, structure and organization of the Japanese system, the education and training requirements, issues being encountered regarding law enforcement, and the Japanese system that is being used currently.

The US court system consists of a trial court, an appellate court, and a supreme or high court. The trial court is the first to hear the facts of a case and has original jurisdiction. The appellate court hears cases whose resolution is disputed by the losing party in the trial court. The supreme or high court hears cases whose outcome is disputed by the losing party in the appellate court. The supreme or high court chooses which cases warrant