The Jnc Guidelines For Hypertension

According to JNC 8 guidelines, close monitoring is essential when patients start on new hypertensive medication. Therefore, Mr. Hightower will require frequent visits to the clinic to ensure improvement in his health condition. His blood pressure will be monitored at each visit and blood work will be done to monitor his kidney and liver functions and to determine his adherence to treatment. In case of noncompliance, a third category of antihypertensive must be added to improve hypertension outcomes and prevent cardiovascular disease.

Review the JNC 8 Recommendations for Antihypertensive Therapy and design a plan for Jeremy. Please discuss the pharmacological properties of the therapy you chose including rationale for why this is the best choice for Jeremy.

American Heart Association quotes that Hypertension is an important public-health challenge worldwide. Importance should be focused on its detection, treatment control and prevention. The infectious diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis which once were the reasons for leading the causes of deaths have been replaced by non –infectious diseases which are mostly the NCD’s such as diabetes, heart diseases, and other vascular conditions. Hypertension is an important worldwide public-health challenge because of its high frequency and concomitant risks of cardiovascular and kidney disease [78][79]. Heart attacks and strokes are major–but preventable–killers worldwide. More than 80% of cardiovascular disease related deaths take place in low-and

The goals of Healthy People 2020 include preventing cardiovascular diseases and improving the quality of life by preventing, detecting, and managing any risk factors responsible of cardiovascular diseases and stroke (Healthy People 2020, 2013). The objectives of Healthy People 2020 include increasing the proportion of adults with prehypertension who meet the recommended guidelines for sodium intake, and increasing the proportion of adults with hypertension who meet the recommended guidelines for sodium intake (Healthy People 2020, 2013). Advance Nurse Practitioners (ANP), and Primary Care Providers (PCP) are usually the first provider who see a new patient requiring medical attention or who need a routine physical examination. It is their responsibility to elaborate and follow up a plan of care that includes curative, preventive and educational strategies. ANPs may identify people diagnosed with prehypertension and hypertension and promote change in their life style. In the same way, it will be very beneficial to incorporate some approaches or interventions to decrease the sodium intake in patients with self-reported hypertension (Ayala, Gillespie, Cogswell, Keenan, & Merritt, 2012).

Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor defined as an abnormal elevation of blood pressure. Health problems can result if it remains elevated for extended periods (Centers for Disease Control, 2015). High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke, which are leading causes of death in the United States (Mozzafarian et al., 2015). Randomized trials have shown that morbidity and mortality from heart disease and stroke are reduced with treatment of hypertension. Even modest decreases in elevated blood pressure have been shown to reduce potential negative outcomes (Wang & Ramachandran 2005). Various therapeutic recommendations are available for addressing hypertension. The Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC 7) hypertension guidelines were the most recent standard for which hypertension was treated prior to anticipation of the release of the updated guidelines from the Eight Joint National Committee (JNC 8). While waiting for the JNC 8 to publish their recommendations, other organizations like the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) publicized their own guidelines. The updated JNC 8 recommendations have been met with resistance by some clinicians.

Hypertension also known as high blood pressure, it is a familiar condition which is determine by the amount of heart pumps the blood and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more heart pumps the blood, the smaller the arteries gets and the higher blood pressure. According to The World Health Organization, Hypertension in leading cause of cardiovascular mortality (Carvalho, Da Costa). There are plenty of modifiable and non- modifiable risk factors that deal with high blood pressure. Modifiable includes genetic factors, race, age, gender, and ethnicity. Non-modifiable factors includes lifestyle, salt intake, wright, stress, alcohol, absence of exercise (Carvalho, Da Costa). It is important to promote health because hypertension

Globally, according to the World Health Organization statistical report in 2012, one in every three adults in 194 countries has raised blood pressure or hypertension. Hypertension is a type of cardiovascular disease that is a primary risk of health disease and stroke, which are considered to be the leading cause of death worldwide. According to a journal article published by US National Library of Medicine in 2006, risk factors for hypertension include health conditions, lifestyle, and family history. Public health care has actively taken measured through campaign to raise awareness of, prevent from, and control of hypertension since 2005 by launching the World Hypertension Day on May 13. Yet, people still fall as victims of the elevated blood pressure since it is undetectable before it is diagnosed.

Hypertension impacts nearly 25% of the adult population around the world. It is considered one of the foremost risk factors for mortality, and is responsible for 13.5% of all deaths. In addition, half of all strokes and ischemic cardiac disease are triggered from high blood pressure (Pepin et al.2014). According to the newest guidelines, hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 or a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 (Jin, 2014). Systemic hypertension remains one of the most modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In hypertensive patients, between 12%-27% require at least 3 medications to achieve sufficient control; these patients are considered to have resistant hypertension. Furthermore, those with resistant hypertension have a 50% greater chance of experiencing a cardiovascular event in comparison to those without resistant hypertension, and according to the literature, the numbers of cases are increasing (Martinez-Garcia et al. 2013).

Hypertension is a growing health problem with over one billion estimated cases worldwide. (Kumari, Kaur, & Kaur 2015) Kumari et al (2015)

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic health problems seen in the primary-care setting. Hypertension in adults age 18 and older is defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of greater than 1400 mm Hg and or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of greater than 90 mm Hg, based on the average of two or more properly measured seated BP readings on each of two or more office visits. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure cites the following three categories for adults age 18 and older: (1) prehypertension (SBP 120 to 139 mm Hg / DBP 80 to 89 mm Hg); (2) Stage 1 hypertension (SBP 140 to 159 mm Hg / DBP 90 to 99 mm Hg); and (3) Stage 2 hypertension (SBP ≥ 160 mm Hg / DBP ≥ 100 mm Hg) (Sisson, Rastegar, Rice, Prokopowicz, & Hughes, 2010).

Abstract: This writing assignment revolves around the importance of better understanding hypertension so that it can more effectively be treated. Thus, scrutinizing research articles focusing on patients with hypertension around the U.S. and Egypt allow one to better understand which treatments are the most effective in managing this condition, shedding light on the condition as a whole. Part A of the paper will discuss what nurses can and should do in terms of helping to manage this condition and the range of multi-faceted ways they absolutely must attempt to control the condition from a variety of perspectives. Part B scrutinizes and discusses a range of studies that revolve around the issue of hypertension and the evidence based practice recommendations that have largely been uncovered. Part C will focus upon a brief summary of all the research studies presented and attempt to draw conclusions and assert trends. Ideally, Part C will indicate necessary actions on behalf of clinicians and the medical community as whole. The overarching purpose of this paper is an attempt to shed light on the best ways the professional medical community can control, prevent and pinpoint the issue of hypertension in its entirety.

Increasing incidence of hypertension and related cardiovascular disease, prompted the National Institute of health (NIH) to propose funding to determine the impact dietary patterns have on blood pressure in the (US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2015). Working with five established medical research centers in different US cities, the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) feeding trial was developed to investigate the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure (Appel et al., 1997). The original study began in 1993, and completed in 1997. The study was novel in that it included a team comprised of nutritionists, nurses, doctors, and the research coordinators. The DASH diet was created to provide high levels of nutrients previously identified to help reduce blood pressure that had proven ineffective at reducing blood pressure in supplement form or individually (Appel et al., 1997). The DASH trial, was unique in that it was constructed to test dietary patterns and their effect on blood pressure, rather than looking at individual nutrients (Appel et al., 1997).

The literature published since 2010 indicates that the lifestyle modification can be used as an alternative to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of hypertension. Authors of the nine articles of ten articles utilized for this study has concluded that lifestyle changes, which mainly includes physical activity and dietary changes is very effective in the management of hypertension.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global pandemic. Whereas CVD was once a relatively minor disease, it has matured into the killer responsible for 30% of global deaths each year1. Although its prevalence is high and its manifestation assumes the forms of numerous diseases, many of those who suffer from CVD share a commonality: high blood pressure2. By increasing the chances of stroke, congestive heart disease, and heart failure, hypertension is a major risk factor of CVD. As of the year 2000, one billion of the world’s population had hypertension, with the number expected to rise to 1.56 billion by 20251. While countries still undergoing economic development have the highest prevalence of hypertension, the Western world suffers from it as

In a standardized manner, information was obtained on relevant socio demographic characteristics like age, gender, drug history and history of hypertension and DM with the aid of an interviewer – administered semi – structured questionnaire. The weight (taken with patients in light clothing) and height (without cap/head gear/shoes) of the patients were measured using a stadiometer. The body mass index (BMI) was then calculated using the formula; BMI = weight (in Kg)/height (m2). BP was measured according to the recommendations of American Society of Hypertension.5 The average of two readings taken 15 minutes apart was recorded.