The subjective cinema has not been popular since the film The Lady in the Lake (1946) was produced. The subjective cinema has the status of a curiosity rather than of a major contribution to screen practice (McFarlane 1996: 16). The most used ways to shown a first-person narrator in the subjective cinema is the usage of point-of-view shot or succession shots. An example of this can be found in film version of Rebecca West’s novella The Return of the Soldier (1982). The first-person narrator of the original work is transferred to the movie as point-of-view shots. Although this “preponderance” of point-of-view shots is “by no mean equivalent to the continuing shaping, analysing, directing consciousness of a first-person narrator” (McFarlane 1996: 16), it is one of the elements. In movies it is possible to adjust the point of view from which an event of object is seen. However, it is …show more content…
Voice-over, as Chatman (1999) describes it, comes neither from a visible object or person nor from off-frame. The source of the sound/voice is absent. Voice-over plays an important role in cinema, as some films, like Woody Allen’s Radio Days (1987) may be incomprehensible without it. In Hollywood production, voice-over is very common and often used at the beginning of films. However, in some films voice-over is used throughout. Chatman notes John Ford’s adaptation of Richard Lewellyn’s novel How Green Was My Valley (1941) as an example of such usage. The movie is narrated by Huw. As a character he is a young boy, but as a narrator he is an old man. The “sustained” voice-over keeps the feeling of nostalgia in the audience’s mind. McFarlane emphasises an importance of voice-over in films as “[w]ords spoken in voice-over accompany images which necessarily take on an objective life of their own. One no longer has the sense of everything’s being filtered through the consciousness of the protagonist-speaker” (1996:
The directors chosen camera technique, a simple two composition that progresses the scene a steady pace, forces the audience to feel a part of the awkward exchange; obviously, a quality of film that could not be as profoundly achieved through the narrative in the novel.
In recent years, it has become popular for many of America's great literary masterpieces to be adapted into film versions. As easy a task as it may sound, there are many problems that can arise from trying to adapt a book into a movie, being that the written word is what makes the novel a literary work of art. Many times, it is hard to express the written word on camera because the words that express so much action and feeling can not always be expressed the same way through pictures and acting. One example of this can be found in the comparison of Ken Kesey's novel, "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, and the film version directed in 1975 by Milos Forman.
This technique momentarily suspends the omniscient gaze of the camera, and evokes the spectator’s—as well as Hitchcock’s—desire to “capture” the female protagonist as she escapes off-screen. In this context, the seemingly objective tracking shot may in fact reveal itself as a violent, subjective
The short story, Once More to the Lake, is about a father who takes his son on a camping trip to a lake in Maine. The father sees that the camp is exactly how he remembers it as he goes through time of reminiscence. As he goes back to nostalgic memories, he sees, through his son, that the camp is the same as when he was a child; however, his time at the camp reveals the true meaning of what time is. Time is a continuing process of the past, present, and future.
Whenever beloved books appear on screen, there are critical changes made which can be either beneficial and detrimental to the audience’s response to the film. Films can either capture the entirety of a book, or change the plot so drastically it becomes reminiscent of the book. This often leads to the age-old argument of whether the book or film is better. In the film interpretation of Rebecca, Hitchcock manipulates Du Maurier’s intended theme of justice and judgment by altering the purpose of critical scenes, characters, and the ending of the book through the cinematography and reconstruction of key events.
Goodykoontz, B., & Jacobs, C. P. (2014). Film: From watching to seeing (2nd ed.) [Electronic version]. Retrieved from
Numerous directors have tried to change a novel or story to a movie, just like Joyce Chopra did to “Where Are You Going, Where Have You been?” short story. Most critiques will agree that the book is much better than the film “smooth talk”. Chopra adds a few parts of Connie the
The Alfred Hitchcock film; Vertigo is a narrative film that is a perfect example of a Hollywood Classical Film. I will be examining the following characteristics of the film Vertigo: 1)individual characters who act as casual agents, the main characters in Vertigo, 2)desire to reach to goals, 3)conflicts, 4)appointments, 5)deadlines, 6)James Stewart’s focus shifts and 7)Kim Novak’s characters drives the action in the film. Most of the film is viewed in the 3rd person, except for the reaction shots (point of view shot) which are seen through the eyes of the main character.(1st person) The film has a strong closure and uses continuity editing(180 degree rule). The stylistic (technical) film form of Vertigo makes the film much more
Hollywood cinema is primarily subjected to telling stories. The inclination of Hollywood narratives comes not just from good chronicles but from good story telling. The following essay will discuss Hollywood’s commercial aesthetic as applied to storytelling, expand on the characteristics of the “principles of classical film narration” and evaluate alternative modes of narration and other deviations from the classical mode.
Cinema after 1906, according to Gunning, pushed towards the structure of linear narrative, and away from the immediacy of the "spectacular image" (Strauven, 1999: 387).
Montage, a name synonymous with Editing, is an original film style with different techniques used by the Soviet filmmakers between 1924 and 1930 to construct a film narrative. Montage is the connection between one shot and the other, a continuous or discontinuous relationship between shots. According to David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson (2012: 478), Soviet directors maintained that, “through editing, two shots give birth to a feeling or idea not present in either one”. This ‘feeling’ or ‘idea’ then guides a viewer into understanding or making a “conceptual connection” of the narrative (Bordwell 1972: 10). Strike (1925) and Mother (1926), directed by Sergei Eisenstein and Vsevolod Pudovkin respectively, are films made in the Soviet Montage era that show a juxtaposition between shots across the film. This essay discusses the different techniques used in these films that show the functions and effects of Montage.
Theorist Vsevolod Pudovkin claims that narrative films are mainly a “product of construction” and cautious compilations of “selections of images that have been shot” (Renée).
Throughout the term I have begun experiencing movies in a different way. The class has taken ideas of cinematography, theory, and film history and practically applied it to physically watching movies. By breaking down scenes and movies as a whole, the way I look at films in general has developed. A reflection on two of the films from this term, Casablanca (Curtiz, 1942) and North by Northwest (Hitchcock, 1959) will carry the bulk of the essay. Though, I will also be discussing how this class changed the way I saw a movie just a few weeks ago. Casablanca’s script and acting are of particular caliber, and North by Northwest unfortunately does not deliver with the dialogue and casting of lead actor Cary Grant. Though, overall, they both
Whenever books are adapted for film, changes inevitably have to be made. The medium of film offers several advantages and disadvantages over the book: it is not as adept at exploring the inner workings of people - it cannot explore their minds so easily; however, the added visual and audio capabilities of film open whole new areas of the imagination which, in the hands of a competent writer-director, can more than compensate.
Understanding movies comes from describing and analyzing the cinematic, theatrical, and literary elements that combine to create meaning. These steps create a basic understanding of the artistic and technical elements found in moviemaking. In addition, the major characteristics of different film genres and classic movies will be analyzed. The purpose of this paper is analyzing the Academy Award winning film Chicago. This paper will describe the six steps that a person should think about when watching a movie. These steps include, (1) analysis of the narrative: story, plot and meaning; (2) theatrical elements, (3) cinematography, (4) editing, (5) sound and the (6) complete package.