The Last Known Transcendentalist: Eustace Conway

Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement developed in the early-19 century. This literary movement based on the importance of God, man and nature, allowed numerous authors to become known. Nowadays, in a society full of innovations and in which nature is becoming less and less important, some people still feel the need to live far from the cities, in the wilderness, and still appreciate the simple things of life. Chris McCandless was one of them and decided to live a simple life by following the basic ideas of transcendentalism.

Ralph Waldo Emerson said, "The only person you are destined to become is the person you decide to be." Transcendentalist believed in being independent and self-reliant as well as appreciating nature. Transcendentalism occurred in the 1800s in the United States. Transcendentalist believed that one should not rely on others and should rely solely on themselves. They also believe that nature was important in the world and should not be taken for granted. Artist from 2000 up to now share these common beliefs with transcendentalist. One of these artist is Trisha Yearwood who had the song Real Live Woman. Another artist who has a song that follows their beliefs is Lee Ann Womack. Lee Ann Womack has the song I Hope You Dance which also follows along with the beliefs of transcendentalist. Some of the beliefs that transcendentalist had was believing in independence and they also believed in appreciating nature and everything in it for example Lee Ann Womack sings about nature and what happens in it and Trisha Yearwood in one of her songs sings about the importance of being self-reliant and independent she also talks about social reforms and not doing things that is set up by society.

While the exploration or exploitation—take your pick—of the American west was just beginning to flourish, two more of our Past Environmental Heroes—Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau—were sitting, thinking, and writing in the newly-formed Commonwealth of Massachusetts. As the original transcendentalists, Emerson and Thoreau believed that there was much more to life than working feverishly and accruing wealth. Their thoughts and words were the first "cries in the wilderness" about living simply and compatibly with the natural world and their words are still inspiring millions of people around the planet who want to make peace

It is not possible to be a transcendentalist in today’s world. Transcendentalism is complex way of life that has many requirements despite the broad belief of accepting one’s own views. With so many different beliefs and ways of life present in today’s world, it would be difficult to believe in one’s self. A transcendentalist would only work in today’s society if every person was accepting of everyone else, dedicated to living simply, and followed all the rules with every concept of transcendentalism; something very hard to achieve. Even if everyone achieved this idea, it would no longer be a transcendentalist society anym but would be more of a utopian society where everyone

Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement developed in the early-19th century. This literary and intellectual movement based on the importance of God, man, and nature allowed numerous authors to become known. Nowadays, in a society full of innovations and in which nature is becoming less and less important; some people still feel the need to live far from the cities in the wilderness, and still appreciate the simple concepts of life. Chris McCandless was one of the few and decided to live a simple life by emphasizing and showing that the individual is full of goodness, by living close to nature, and by acting in a non-conform way. In brief he decided to live his life by following the basic ideas of transcendentalism.

Transcendentalism was a cultural movement during the early 1800’s that swept across America through the works of authors such as Emerson and Thoreau. The movement placed value upon the spirituality of nature, individuality and breaking away from the moral shortcomings of society and government as seen in Emerson’s essays “Nature” and “Self Reliance” and in Thoreau's Essay “Civil Disobedience”. In today’s world, to be a transcendentalist one does not need to adhere to every tenet postulated by the leaders of the movement, but one does have to listen to his/her own moral code and attempt to live simply and frugally. In this sense, Christopher McCandless is a modern day transcendentalist evident through his actions and philosophy captured in the

Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson, central figures of Transcendentalism, expressed their beliefs through works such as “American Scholar” and “Into the Woods” in the nineteenth century. They believed that one must be in simplicity, solitude, and away from technology to appreciate the beauty of nature, which is essential for a better spiritual understanding of oneself. Transcendentalism, which focuses on spiritual interactions with nature, is relevant in today’s hectic life with temptations of materialistic goods and burdens of technology. The retreat that Webb offers every year is a good example of how Transcendentalism shapes students to have spiritual richness and mental strength. On retreats, students go off campus with bare necessities for three days to camp sites in nature to reflect and appreciate the beauty of the outdoors. Viewed through the lens of Transcendentalism, retreats allow students to prepare for a new and busy school year to come by helping them to realize their own goals, to get rid of distractions of technology, to get inspired by nature for a better understanding of themselves, and to enjoy a moment of solitude to truly reflect on the deeper meanings of life.

Transcendentalist loves the environment, and insists on breaking away from traditions and customs. Living in the wild, trashing identity, and abandoning family seems like the life of a transcendentalist. Chris McCandles was a crazy, selfish man who hoped to live a transcendentalist life but only got to touch on the idea. Chris’s craziness led him to the wild unprepared; along the way acted selfish to the people he met along his journey only to achieve a transcendentalist life that he only got to touch on.

I would like to first congratulate the legacy of your involvement in the Transcendentalist movement. You were one of the vanguards that pioneer the pursuit of uncomplexed nature. I have questions that will be addressed later, but your commentary on materialistic society was inspiring. Your experiment in the wilderness was ambitious, and your work on civil disobedience paralleled the philosophy of later prominent figure, such as Gandhi. With the flattering comments aside, I wonder about the intricacies on your ideology.

Someone who refuses to follow the path that everyone takes. I chose someone who has done all of those and has ended up succeeding with his dream. Sir Robert Bryson Hall II or “Logic” as described by us youths is an American rapper who rose to fame from humble beginnings.

“Transcendentalism […] has primarily much the position of the sun […] We are conscious of it as of a kind of splendid confusion […] But the circle of the moon is as clear and unmistakable, as recurrent and inevitable, as the circle of Euclid on a blackboard” (Chesterton, 24). These words encapsulate the driving rationale of the anti-transcendentalist argument – that although individuals seek transcendentalism, they can never truly realize it, or, to compare with the sun, see it. Rather, they inevitably place attention on the “moon,” the perspicuous reflection of transcendentalism – that is, individualism – and neglect the responsibilities of society. Emerson institutes the philosophy of transcendentalism in his essay, Nature, teaching that divinity pervades all nature and humanity. Although transcendentalists would offer that man can only better his spiritual life by embracing individualism, pursuing the ideal, and being one with nature, the ability and appeal of transcendentalism to advance enlightenment upon the soul of the individual rests on the false suppositions that feckless man can achieve perfection and that nature embodies God, thus causing transcendentalism to conversely detriment the spiritual life of the individual, isolating him, prescribing his rebellion, and invigorating his selfish pursuits, simply because he confides his soul in creation instead of the Creator (Tocqueville, 482).

Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote, “the sky is the daily bread of the eyes.” Emerson was a transcendentalist, transcendentalism came with a deep connection with nature from which this quote seems to be inspired. It can also be inferred that this quote has connections with the lord’s prayer, as Emerson was very religious. The lord’s prayer even states, “give us this day our daily bread” showing that God gave us necessities like food. By restating this in his essays, Emerson connects the sky with the daily food source by its beauty, and that we can feast upon what he believed the Lord had created for us in nature. Personally i am not all that religious and i don’t share the same transcendentalist beliefs with Emerson, but i wholeheartedly agree with his outlook on the sky as a feast of sorts.

On September 6, 1992, a group of moose-hunters discovered the remains of Chris McCandless’ body, which, through abject starvation, had withered and decayed in the unforgiving Alaskan bush. Upon discovery, Chris’ corpse became a symbol of misguided passions and misinterpreted values and inspired many to explore and document his story of demise. In Jon Krakauer’s Into the Wild, the story of Chris, attempting to achieve ultimate freedom and independence is told. On this journey, it is evident that Chris McCandless’ shunning of society was unjustified because he took the transcendentalist ideas expressed in Henry David Thoreau’s Walden and Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self Reliance and radically misinterpreted them. Because of his analytical error, McCandless was unable to attain freedom and independence, despite his support for these values; egotism overcame individualism, and McCandless’ hubris and extreme risk-taking resulted in foolish isolationism and rendered his journey useless.

Transcendentalism was a huge cultural movement in the nineteenth century; however, the ideas of the movement still continue to influence our society in the twenty-first century. These ideas of Transcendentalism have continued to exist throughout many years because the ideas remain relevant to society. In fact, the problems that many Transcendentalist writers encountered still happen today in new forms. These similar problems include conformity, the role of government in society, and the importance of nature. In general, people still feel that society needs to better itself for the benefit of all individuals, which is at the heart of Transcendentalism. Some of the ideas that Transcendentalists constantly defended included individualism,

The Japanese invasions of Korea comprised two separate invasions with the same purpose in 1592 and 1597. The conflict officially ended in 1598 with the withdrawal of the Japanese forces from Korea which would result in a “poisoning of relationships that would never disappear” (Hwang). The death toll in Korea of the war is calculated to have been about a deadly one third of the population. In the paper, I will discuss the Imjin invasion and the economic aftermath along with how the brutality and failure found in these two events inspired the royal class to drastically and successfully change the economic and social structure of Korea.