The Law of Conservation of Momentum

In football the force of impact can be dangerous. Helmets are constructed to protect the brains of the players. Without this protection the player will receive major damage from the impact of the force. In this lab, students will construct a device that will protect an egg from the impact force from the drop. The egg acts as a substitute for the brain and the device is the “helmet” for the egg. The independent variable of this experiment is the trials; the dependent variables of this experiment are time and velocity. By using the laws of physics, students will construct an efficient device that will protect the egg from the harsh impact of force.

The ball now has kinetic energy. Kinetic energy like momentum in that it comes from the mass of the object and its velocity. Kinetic energy was transferred from the plunger to the ball just like momentum was but only if the collision was elastic. During and elastic collision kinetic energy is conserved. The balls kinetic energy is half of its momentum squared. This means the balls momentum is its mass multiplied by velocity, and then it is squared and divided by two. If the velocity or speed of the ball is reduced by one half then the overall kinetic energy is reduced by a factor of four (Kirkpatrick and Wheeler p.106)

The object furthest to the right is the motion detector that will measure the object's position and time and send it to the LabQuest. The object to the far left is the stopper that will stop the cart after it has completed its run. The materials we needed to complete this lab was a motion detector, a cart, ruler, cart track, and LabQuest. The motion detector measured the time as soon as the cart was set in motion and delivered the data to the LabQuest. The cart was used to measure the velocity for each run. The cart track was the medium we used to push the cart down and collect

4. Connect the Newton Scale to the cart and then drag the cart up the ramp, across the 30cm difference at a steady rate.

Momentum is the mass of an object times it’s velocity. The velocity of an object would be it’s rate and change of direction. A collision occurs when two or more objects collide with each other. This causes the kinetic energy, the energy of motion, to be transferred

These principles include conservation of energy, conservation of momentum, and ideas about forces that are vital in the production of any engineering device. When one object hits another in a Rube Goldberg machine, this is an example of the conservation of momentum occurring. Conservation of momentum says momentum is neither created nor destroyed, it only moves from one object to another. This is easiest to see when a ball bearing is used in a Rube Goldberg device, because ball bearings or marbles hit each other cleanly, and transfer the momentum in an elastic, clear way.

Using Vernier, we clicked collect while releasing the cart after motion detector starts to click. This was done moving the hand quickly out the path. Using logger pro, indicated which portion was to be used by dragging across the graph to indicate the starting and ending times. Then the linear button was clicked to perform the linear regression of the selected data. The Linear Button was used to determine the slope of the velocity vs. time graph, only using the portion of the data for times when the cart was freely rolling. We found the acceleration of the cart from the fitted line. Record the value in the data table. These steps where repeated 5 mores times. Measured the length of the incline, x which is the distance between the two points of the ramp. Measure the height, h, the height of the book(s). The last two measurements was used determine the angle of the incline. Raise the incline by placing a second book under the end. Adjust the book so that distance, x, is the same as the previous reading. Repeated these steps with 3, 4 and 5 books.

When the mousetrap car moves down the track, the speed of the mousetrap car decreases, therefore my hypothesis was supported. At 1 second, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of 3.2 m/s. At 2 seconds, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of 2.35 m/s. At 3 seconds, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of 1.53 m/s. At 4 seconds, the mousetrap car was moving at a speed of 1.2 m/s. At 5 seconds, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of .98m/s. “A car will eventually come to a stop if just allowed to roll as the friction between the road surface and the wheels causes friction that causes the vehicle to stop,”(Examples of Rolling Friction). The evidence supports the claim because the wheels of the mousetrap car are moving

In our to be a Mechanical Engineer class we had to transfer a stuffed pikachu doll into the container (pokeball) down below. The pikachu doll had to be transferred on a trolley of our own design on a 52’ and 1” plastic coated 1/16” steel cable at a slant downward angle. If it is possible to close the lid do so. For the trolley the design specifications should be safe to use, easy to operate, it can’t be no longer than 32” and weigh more than 4 lbs, and lastly the device must be purely mechanical with no electronics, combustion, liquids, chemical reactions, or compressed

To test Newton’s seconds law if whether changing the mass or the force affects the acceleration of an object or a trolley in this case to increase or decrease.

Let the mass of the fired bullet be Mb. It is fired at an initial velocity of v. The momentum

8. Conduct experiment a second time with catapult pulled back to 90 degrees. (Half way back)

Controlled Variable – Same amount of air resistant (stay in the same room), same surface of what the trolley is going to accelerate on, same trolley, have the string equally stretched out every time and same tick rate of the ticker timer. The controlled variable will be controlled to create a fair test.

HYPOTHESIS: Without the effects of friction the momentum will be conserved in the isolated system. In all three experiments the momentum before the interaction will equal the momentum after the interaction.

Purpose: The purpose of the practical is to find how mass affects acceleration and how it affects also the force of the accelerating body. To do this we are going to do the ticker tape experiment where an accelerating body pulls a tape through a consistent 50 dot per second ticker timer. The acceleration body in this experiment will be a small trolley pulled by a string that is pulled by the downfall of different masses which will then tell how mass affects acceleration.