The Legal System Of England And Wales

The criminal justice system changed over time from the centuries during the Anglo-Saxon time period to the centuries of the Middle Ages. Justice transformed from a savage way of punishment to more organized and civilized. The Canterbury Tales and Beowulf reflect the change, and even the continuity, of punishments due to legal justice of the Anglo-Saxon and the Middle Ages.

This essay will argue that the Criminal Justice System (CJS) in England and Wales doesn’t provide justice for all. In particular, the institutionally racist nature of the police and courts towards Black, Asian and minority ethnic groups (BAME) will be addressed. The ‘Lammy Review’ has been instrumental in outlining the disproportionate representation of BAME groups within the CJS. In a letter addressed to the Prime minister, David Lammy reports the findings from his review. 51% of UK-born individuals from BAME backgrounds believe that the CJS discriminates against certain groups and individuals (Lammy,2016). In comparison, only 35% of the white population born in the UK believe the same statement (Lammy, 2016). Thus, choosing to focus on the

breach of express and implied contracts based on the theory of promoter liability. The courts

Have you ever been done wrong? Have you ever been done wrong under a contract and faced sufficient damages causing a loss? Chapter 18 focuses on contract remedies, and how damages to a party are compensated. When a party breaches a contract, under the law the court can give the injured party an equivalent of what the promised performance would have rewarded. The two cases I chose to discuss are the Arrowhead School District No. 75, Park County, Montana v. James A. Klyap, Jr. case and the Parker v. Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp. case. Both of these cases provide us with a very good explanation of different types of damages, and how the court came to a conclusion based off of the different scenarios. Throughout the remainder of this article, it will briefly discuss the details of each case, the similarities and differences among them, and how your business clients can use these cases to strategically prevent future legal issues of similar nature.

It is agreed by many, if not all, that the compensatory principle is the ruling principle in breach of contract

In this article, Justine Kirby (2000) analyzes the basic law, section 11 of the Contractual Remedies Act 1979, and acknowledged routines for "exchanging" commitments, and after

Torturing a person like an animal and not being fed, showered, or not see daylight should there be justice? Back then people would be strangled or get shot when they torture a person. Winston had months without seeing any moonlight or daylight, not shaving, and not eating. Also he was torture by putting his worst fear in front of his face, which are the rats. My worst fear are rats as well, and if I was being torture that way then I rather get shot and not suffered. Because getting shot by a weapon we probably will not go through so much pain, screaming, and crying. I will take a bullet rather than anything else because is less torturing. Being tortured for many days or months there should be freedom, and let the induvial do whatever it takes to keeps him or her happy.

Equity has been described as a ‘mysterious creature’ that lies distinctly alongside the common law. In considering the statement, there is an almost linear reversal in which the remedies in equity procure a type of right not necessarily available in the common law. This peculiar jurisdiction has created consistent controversy especially in regards to the fusion of the common law and equity. To understand further, this essay will consider the relationship between equity and the common law. The development of equity alongside the common law through its history and intention, and application in case law will be imperative in the discussion of the statement. In conjunction with an analysis of fusion, it will become apparent that equitable damages were enlivened, separate to, in unfair circumstances where no rights/damages existed within the common law. In trying to tread the murky waters of the distinction yet the procedural fusion of equity and common law, the contention of this essay becomes apparent. Effectively, this essay aims to highlight that the history, intention, application and fusion fallacies regarding equity, all which point to an assertion that rights in equity are indeed the product of its remedies. Whether they are merely ‘two streams of jurisdiction, though they run in the same channel, run side by side and do not mingle their waters’, is yet to be seen.

Question Number or Title: It has been consistently argued that the judiciary in England and Wales is not reflective of society. Critically consider the explanations for the lack of diversity within the judiciary and the extent to which government legislation and initiatives have tried to increase diversity within the judiciary?

One of the largest issues in developing a career in the legal profession is diversity as there is a perceived image of the legal sector being a traditionally “white, male, middle class” profession. Harold Patrick and Vincent Kuman argue, “the concept of diversity includes acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique and recognizing our individual differences” . This essay will examine the social class, educational and gender barriers underrepresented groups face in developing a career in the legal profession. The effectiveness of measures taken to promote diversity in England and Wales will then be evaluated. This essay will go on to ultimately conclude that the legal profession in England and Wales has become increasingly diverse over the years, although a significant lack of diversity does still exist within the upper tier of the profession.

Explain and critically consider the use of lay magistrates in the legal system of England and Wales.

United Kingdom gets constituted by four countries: the England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. There is no single arrangement of reports that contains the entire of the law of the UK. Moreover, UK law is likewise not classified, that brings a level of conviction to the law as it permits nationals to recognize plainly whether something is unlawful and the examination methodology that it will create. Absence of codification prompts the legitimate framework being firm as innovative improvements go before past that which the lawmakers thought. Despite its flaws and solidness, the English basic law, as an agent of the normal law of the UK, is a standout amongst the most productive ones. All states need to embrace the same or somewhat changed legitimate framework. Some law applies all through the entire of the UK; a few applies in a few countries. The four main sources of English and Welsh law are legislation or statutory, common or case law, European Convention on the Human Rights and European Union law.

Before unilateral contracts come into place, contract law is about a promise for a promise. Cases such as Carlill v Carbonic Smoke Ball Co. have shown how the contract law has adapted to accommodate this form of contract. Judges seek to identify consideration and acceptance in unilateral contracts whilst managing to achieve a balance between protecting reasonable expectation of an honest man and retaining respect for the sanctity of contract.

The incapacity of the company to make contract sometimes caused great injustice and hardships to the person who had no knowledge of such incapacity of the company. For example, in Beauforte (Jon) London, Ltd.

In the English Law system, the effect of legislation remains statute in force until they are repealed. (R v Ducan, 1994). The application of legislation is ambiguous.