The Declaration of Independence declares that human beings have certain unalienable rights, “that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” Through slavery, these rights were systematically denied to a select class of people. George Santayana (1905) commented that, “those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” Although abortion is legal in this country, the debate on whether it should be or not is far from settled. In November of 2014, Colorado Amendment 67 (The Personhood Initiative) initiated a state Constitutional amendment that would have included unborn human beings under the definition of “person” and “child” in the Colorado criminal code. The amendment failed. Unborn children are being …show more content…
McPherson was asked, “If Lincoln were alive today, what position would [h]e take on abortion…?” (p. ix). McPherson responded:
I do not pretend to know where Lincoln’s philosophy of liberty…would have led him on the abortion issue. But his ideas and actions on the subject of slavery, freedom, [and] civil liberties…are as interesting and perhaps as relevant today as they were a century and a quarter ago (pp. ix-x).
How is freedom defined? What does it mean to be human? Is one class of people more important or more human than another? These questions relate directly to the issue of slavery and to the issue of abortion.
McPherson (1988) points out that both sides during the civil war fought for freedom (p. vii). Both sides in the issue of abortion claim to defend freedom today. But how are freedom and liberty defined? Abraham Lincoln expressed this same this same thought:
The world has never had a good definition of the word liberty, and the American people, just now, are much in want of one. We all declare for liberty; but using the same word we do not all mean the same thing. The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, 9 vols. (as cited in McPherson, 1991, p. 43).
During Lincoln’s day, one side defined liberty as freedom for everyone. The other side defined liberty as the freedom to own slaves. Is the freedom to own slaves a freedom or a right for a select class of people? Does an individual or society have the freedom to take away the freedom of
Even with their different reasons, “by 1858 Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass were saying the same thing, preaching the same antislavery politics. Liberty or Slavery must become law of the Land” (Ibid., p.5)
During reconstruction, the meaning of freedom suited many different types of interpretation; the perception of freedom between former slaves and their slaves masters were very contradictory. To begin with, African-Americans had suffered severe abuse over those years of slavery, so to them, the meaning of freedom was basically a hope that in the future, they won’t experience all kind of punishment and exploration that they have been experienced so far. Besides that, formers slaves were demanding equal civil and political rights. In the same way, they valued their freedom by establishing their own schools and churches, reuniting families that were separated under
In sequence with these events, Abraham Lincoln returned to politics in 1854 because of the success of Douglas’ Kansas-Nebraska act, and he quickly became the voice of the newly formed Republican Party. Shortly after he accepted the nomination from his party he said, “A housed divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free.” This quote is very important because Americans became aware that they would soon have to choose either to favor or oppose slavery, there was no middle ground. In Abraham Lincoln’s eyes, freedom meant the opposition to slavery. Unfortunately for the Republican party, Lincoln lost the election of 1858 and Douglas was reelected, but Lincoln would soon be back.
Abraham Lincoln addresses freedom in his speech by calling the nation to end the war and eventually ending slavery in America. According to The Gettysburg Address, “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.” (Lincoln. Lines 1-3). Abraham Lincoln is citing the Declaration of Independence. It states that all men have the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and property. This was a promise that was given to all men, yet slaves were stripped of these rights. The
The freedom of America’s slaves has always been accredited to Abraham Lincoln, but he was not always the complete abolitionist as he is commonly portrayed. The “house divided”, as Lincoln depicts it in his famous ‘House Divided’ speech, of the United States during the Civil War, was not always lead towards the freedom of all mankind, and there is sufficient evidence to support this claim. The sixteenth president is most commonly remembered for inducing the courage and determination to end the Civil War, with the Emancipation Proclamation, although when it more closely studied he did not cross the great divide of enslavement vs. freedom with the submittal of that fabled document. When following the many famous quotes and speeches of Lincoln’s life, it appears that he was against all slavery and bondage. At the same time, when more closely examined, the quotes and speeches actually leaned towards his lack of strong opinion on the outcome of slavery. Lincoln is perceived as the most famous revolutionary of American history, but he does not live up to his legacy of being the eradicator of forced servitude.
Liberty is in inalienable right of each and every person, and is the pre-political concept that gives us intrinsic worth.
“’One section of our country believes slavery is right, and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong, and ought to be restricted. That,’ he said with a touch of irony, ‘is the only substantial dispute’” (Oakes 140). People bickered whether or not Lincoln was doing the right thing by signing the Emancipation
In his address, President Lincoln spoke of a different kind of freedom than what many may be led to believe. He did not talk about freedom from taxes or labor but the real reason the most crucial war America has faced yet was fought. It was hatred toward racial discrimination and slavery for which countless
The American Founders aimed to take human nature for what it was, as something less elevated and constructing a government characterized for limited power. They questioned the legitimacy of every existing government and even questioned their own practices, such as slavery. Abraham Lincoln and the tragedy of the Civil War compelled the enforcement of the Declaration of Independence. It is a restoration of the principle underlying slavery and the argument of human enslavement between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas. Lincoln said that slavery is founded in the selfishness of man’s nature-opposition to it, in his love of justice. Self interest by itself is too base a foundation for America. Selfishness is part of our nature, but it is not the best part. From Lincoln’s position, our children are not really ours; we do not own them but we own ourselves. (821-822)
During the colonial era, the Whigs had viewed freedom as a product of an exuberant government creating the environments for economic growth. On the other hand, Jacksonian Democrats, equally in the name of freedom, opposed government involvement in the economy as deliberating special privileges upon the advantaged few. Northerners, after Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, fought for the freedom of slaves. Southerners likewise fought for freedom, which was the freedom to control their own domestic institutions sovereign of federal control and the freedom not to be deprived of their property which were the slaves. Slavery was debated by both sides in terms of freedom, one would wonder whether any practical position on any important public policy debate cannot be so defended.
The definition of freedom depends entirely on how the phrase “freedom from…” ends. Perhaps a most straightforward understanding of freedom is the laissez-faire emphasis on limiting the power of government to interfere in economic and social matters. In this state of absolute freedom, however, inequalities exist between people, so that freedom from a controlling government does not imply individuals’ freedom of contract, movement, legal protection, equal rights through citizenship, or political voice. In light of the persistence of slavery in the US through the 19th century, freedom as an individual’s legal status separated people who could be citizens from people who were lifelong slaves. Even among legally free people, economic
Abraham Lincoln has gone down as one of the most prominent presidents in the American history, from his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, to his assassination. Having to deal with some of the most troublesome times in the History of America, as president, Abraham did “to the best of my [his] ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States,” (Source B) in hopes to combine the North and South to once again become a United Nation. However, the status of African Americans in relationship of Lincoln must be analyzed further, as it was a crucial aspect of his presidency and distinction as “The Great Emancipator.” Although Lincoln was “ naturally anti-slavery,” (source B) he viewed it
"Two months after Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, one abolitionist wrote that 'to make the proclamation a success, we must make freedom a blessing to the freed.' The question of how to do so would long outlive Lincoln and the Civil War" (Epilogue, p. 361).
The freedom of America’s slaves has always been accredited to Abraham Lincoln, but he was not always the complete abolitionist as he is commonly portrayed. The “house divided”, as Lincoln depicts it in his famous ‘House Divided’ speech, of the United States during the Civil War, was not always lead towards the freedom of all mankind, and there is sufficient evidence to support this claim. The sixteenth president is most commonly remembered for inducing the courage and determination to end the Civil War, with the Emancipation Proclamation, although when it more closely studied he did not cross the great divide of enslavement vs. freedom with the submittal of that fabled document. When following the many famous quotes and speeches of Lincoln’s life, it appears that he was against all slavery and bondage. Although when they are more closely examined, the quotes and speeches actually leaned towards his lack of strong opinion on the outcome of slavery. Lincoln is perceived as the most famous revolutionary of American history, but he does not live up to his legacy of being the eradicator of forced servitude.
“Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,” is a phrase nearly every American knows as being the three unalienable rights that cannot be revoked by the government. These self-evident truths first appeared in the Declaration of Independence, a document written to rid the United States from its torrid oppressors. Liberty, however, is the most important of the three, seeing as if American did not have it, residents would simply be slaves to their government and could not be truly free-thinking citizens.