The Literary Relationship of Jude and 2 Peter

The Gospel of John stands out as one who has been appointed by God who testifies about the life and ministry of Jesus. The study of John allows one to see the Jesus as our entry way for salvation. The authorship of John allows one to understand Jesus by an actual and reliable witness to the origins of Jesus ministry, death and resurrection. This extraordinary piece of work is also reflected by the early church fathers. The attempt of this paper will assert that the evidence for authorship of John is more convincing that discrediting.

Even early church writers contested the validity of what Luther referred to as an “epistle of straw”, even denigrating it as a leftover from Judaic writers. Even recent commentary writer Sophie Laws referred to “the epistle of James is an oddity. It lacks almost all of what might be thought to be the distinctive marks of Christian faith and practice.” The Luther casts further doubt on the authenticity of this epistle.

The self entitled book written around 75 AD as the half-brother of Jesus himself, the book of Jude was written to correct false witnesses and teachings. Because of this, the book is only chapter. Heresay was a large problem at the time, given that correct information did not spread as easily as it does now. Jude talked frequently about true salvation Christ, as people had begun to distort and proclaim that they could get into heaven through just good deeds, but he addresses this in verses 24-25 saying "Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, and to make you stand in the presence of His glory blameless with great joy, to the only God our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and authority, before all time and

The third section dissects the formation of the New Testament with more historical context and views of other writings defined as Gnostic writing. Bruce explains the spoken words of the apostles carried as much authority as their written words and gives an in depth explanation how the Gospels and Pauline writings were viewed by the Church Fathers. The rest of the section demonstrates the Church Fathers and their views of what was to be considered scripture and the councils that affirmed the inspired scripture.

The bible is one of the most printed book of all time and there is roughly about 5 billion bibles in our world today.(guinnessworldrecords.com) Most of the information in the bible can be related to each other, because this book is about the teaching of one man, Jesus, who taught humanity to love each other and to keep peace in this world. Even though the text in the bible was written by different followers of Jesus, but the similarities and the connections in the bible showed that the bible is real. This paper will be comparing the similarities and the connections between ‘The Sermon on the Mount’ and ‘Romans 12’.

In his recent article for the October 7th issue of Commonweal magazine, David Bentley Hart highlighted how different the Christians of the New Testament are from modern day Christians. Hart’s article, titled “Christ’s Rabble; The first Christians were not like us”, argues that the first Christians were so different than present day Christians that we would have a very hard time getting along with one another if we meet today. Hart, a fellow at the Notre Dame Institute for Advanced Studies, came to this conclusion after in-depth study of the text of the New Testament in its original koine Greek. His work translating the New Testament for Yale University painted a clear picture of the character of the first Christians and underscored how far from the original meanings of the text we have come.

In the first close reading of the text, I discovered Paul articulated his desire for all believers to be of the same attitude or frame of mind as Christ. Creating a sense of relationship with God through the example of the servanthood of Jesus. This study revealed the traits of Christ’s life and character found in verses: “he was formed of God” (2:6), “emptied himself’ (2:7), “in human form” (2:8), “name above every name” (2:9), “every knee should bend” (2:10), and “every tongue confess … glory to God” (2:11). Looking at each verse, challenged me to read between the lines and wonder what might be happening within the church of Philippi. Textual Criticism

Sensitivity relating to the perceived expiration of the first Mosaic covenant has brought forth a minor controversy in recent decades about the political correctness of referring to the Old Testament as being "old." Some Catholic Scripture professors express a preference for "Hebrew Scriptures," while others apologetically retain the old reference to prevent confusion. (Pazcuzzi 2/97). The issue of Judaism having been superceded by Christianity will be addressed at various points in this paper.

She uses the letters of Paul, in conjunction with the Gospels, to further address the issue of Jesus’ crucifixion. Fredriksen reviews a wide variety of topics from Paul’s letters, including the coming of the Kingdom, “The Twelve,” observance of Jewish law, and Jesus’ identity as “Christ.” She connects this compilation of this information with the Gospels and other sources to see what matches or changes over time. In general, multiple attestations of the same information, as well as anything that stands out as particularly dissimilar to the Christian or Jewish traditions, likely serves as the most reliable and historical

At the onset of the Christian faith, its followers faced a difficult period in which they had to deal with many internal and external forces of confusion about their new faith. With Christianity being a rather close subdivision of Judaism, the followers of Christianity are faced with the task of supporting their beliefs and practices deeming why they are justifiable. In this apologetic period, these Jewish Christians embark on the task of defending their church and the religion itself in order to establish its credibility and existence.

In Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why, Bart D. Ehrman, a well-known New Testament scholar and critic, seeks to show that the New Testament is a corrupt document that has been changed through the evolutionary process of scribal alteration, Early Christian theological apologetics and poor scholarship’s. Ehrman begins by speaking of his personal experience with the study of the Bible and textual Criticism. He concludes that various early scribes altered the New Testament in which we have no idea of knowing if what we’re reading is even the word of God or just what the scribes wanted to write.

Our source of knowledge of the apostolic work of Paul comes first from the Book of Acts. The epistles written by Paul serve to further our knowledge of his mission. These letters were written to churches that he had founded or churches that were known to him. Luke’s account of Paul introduces us to the basic facts about this important biblical figure. A more complete understanding of Paul’s journeys can be gleaned from his letters. These epistles were written almost at the time they occurred and they comprise some of the earliest works contained in the New Testament.

The book of James is not very tidy when it comes to fitting into any of the other genres of literature. Some consider it to more of a circular rather than an epistle and it is quite possible that both Paul and Peter had read the Epistle of James, at least there are several coincidences between them.7 Because it was written to such a broad audience and because it contains many references to the Old Testament, James hardly fits into any category very neatly. Therefore, it may be best to see James as a literary circular since it does not address any particular needs at a given moment. James was apparently teaching the victims of the Diaspora.

This essay will show contrasts in views on the Gospel of John regarding authorship,dates, and the relationship between John's Gospel and the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. Some comparison of thought, concerning composition and life setting, will also be presented.

The purpose of this paper is to perform a thorough exegetical analysis of Philippians 2:1-11. In order to accomplish this purpose, the basic contents of the passage will be surveyed. In addition, any relevant issues from the background of the letter will be examined. This passage will be interpreted in its context so that its meaning will fit into the overall meaning of the letter. Most importantly, a verse by verse exposition of the text will be given which will trace the author’s flow of thought. Finally, a summary of this study’s findings will be given along with some points of personal application.