The Management Of Patients With Diabetes

HbA1C is elevated at 8.8% and the goal for diabetics is to keep that value below 7%

Diabetes can be treated in three basic ways: by diet, by diet in conjunction with tablets, or diet in conjunction with insulin. Diet serves as an initial control for non-urgent patients. If a person’s diet will have a major effect on glycaemic control, it does so reasonably quickly, within a few weeks of changing

Interventions used in treatment of type 2 diabetes should be those that improve the probability that the patient will have better long term control of diabetes. It is therefore imperative that early diagnosis is given fast priority especially when metabolic abnormalities of diabetes are less severe. Lifestyle interventions are key in containing type 2 diabetes. It is common knowledge that sedentary lifestyle and over nutrition which lead to obesity and overweight increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (Peters & Davidson, 1996). Interventions that reverse or improve these factors have beneficial effects on control of glycemia in established type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes represents one of the most challenging disorders facing the United States population. Diabetes can be classified as Diabetes Mellitus type I, Diabetes Mellitus type II, Gestational Diabetes, and secondary diabetes from other conditions. At least 90% of diabetes is type 2, and the complications could be avoided by carefully managing hyperglycemia, hypertension and dyslipidemia (Wilbur, 2013). Therefore, the healthcare industry is spending vast amounts of time and money treating a disease which is largely preventable. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the pathophysiology of the different classifications, drug treatment, and dietary considerations of Diabetes Mellitus. The impact and drug treatment of Diabetes Mellitus type I is explained, along with a description of a technique useful in educating patients on the standards of medical care in diabetic patients.

CHIEF COMPLAINANT: Patient is a known diabetic, he has been converted over to insulin, he has been doing very well. His blood sugars are running in the low 100's, in the last month he has had one episode of blood sugar 57, otherwise, has done very well. He watches his diet, he tries to stay active. He has a known prior history of a lung resection for neoplasm, he has not been coughing up any blood. He does has some flem at times he has difficulty clearing. No chills or fever. No chest pain. No swelling in his legs, no leg sores. He sees podiatry every 3 months and he has an eye clinic scheduled for next month.

Metformin is the preferred treatment for type 2 diabetes based on the guidelines established by the American Diabetic Association (ADA, 2014, p. S20). The ADA recognizes that type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease that may require the addition of other pharmacological agents in addition to continued lifestyle modification to control hyperglycemia and to mitigate complications that may arise from type 2 diabetes. The ADA recommends the addition of other classes of medications once metformin with lifestyle changes alone are inadequate to meet treatment targets (ADA, 2014, p. S20). GLP-1 receptor agonists are one of the classes that may be used in addition to metformin and lifestyle modifications.

How diabetes is supposed to be manage is one of the biggest questions even today. Not a lot of people truly know how to manage their diabetes. Some can over exaggerate on what needs to be done to control diabetes better. Not many people know that most of the things that a diabetic needs to do in order to stay healthy is kind of similar to what nondiabetics do to stay healthy.

The American Diabetes Association (2016) stated inpatient glycemic control is recommended with a preprandial blood glucose target below 140 mg/dL and a random blood glucose target below 180 mg/dL. Many times, managing hyperglycemia is secondary to treating an acute diagnosis when patients arrive to the emergency department. Sometimes, hyperglycemia is even ignored until the patient is admitted and sees the primary care provider who will be caring for the patient during their hospitalization. This plan seems counterproductive to both the patient and the hospital when people with diabetes are twice as likely to be admitted as those without diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus, or simply termed as diabetes, is one of the most common chronic diseases with a high prevalence round the globe. People who are diabetic suffer with a high rate of blood sugar due to which they are abstained from such several eatables which have a high or low quantity of glucose in them. There are two main causes for such a situation; one is when the pancreas becomes unable to produce a hormone named Insulin, which is responsible to control blood sugar and to move glucose from the food into body muscles, fats and other cells. In this case, as there is too little insulin produced to cope with the amount of glucose taken by a normal person, the blood sugar level rises and we say that the person suffers from diabetes. The second case is that in which the level of insulin produced is normal but the body cells do not absorb enough insulin to regulate the blood sugar level. The first case is commonly and medically termed as Type 1 diabetes and the second is known as Type 2 diabetes. In both cases, the disease is chronic and once occurred can never be cured permanently by medical treatments. Common symptoms include increased hunger and thirst, frequent urination and immediate loss of weight. The patients are advised to avoid glucose containing meals and food which even include fruits that have natural glucose in them. Animal or human insulin is now available in the market which is injected in the blood of the

Normally when people hear diabetes they get shocked, scared, and confused. Getting diabetes is not something you get at a particular age or race. You can get it at any point in your life. Also, your parents or grandparents don’t have to have it, it could be something you just have. In today’s society diabetes are a big problem within our younger generation. Research shows there is almost 3 million kids/young adults suffering from diabetes. You have to watch what you eat, and make sure it’s not high in fats. The amount of sugar and fats your intake will add up and your body will collect the excess. That’s how diabetes came along. Diabetes can be genetic or societal. There is more than one way to catch or inherit diabetes.

There are several known medications that can be given to the patient but it all depends to the existing comorbidity. The providers should be able know the best diabetes drug with associating the risk associated with each medication.

Diabetic patients are at risk for numerous comorbidities, including infections of the feet that could lead to amputation. In the U.S. diabetes effects more than 29 million people and is the leading cause for lower limb amputations (“Center for Disease Control and Prevention”, 2016). In addition, approximately 20% need some type of amputation after getting an infected foot ulcer (Wu, Driver, Wrobel, &Armstrong, 2007). Moreover, when a patient has a surgical procedure they require various elements in their healthcare experience in order to receive what they perceive as quality care. In diabetic adults undergoing an amputation of the toe or forefoot, what is the effect of involving patients in their treatment plan, while maintaining adequate pain relief for the patient, on the patient’s perception of quality care compared with patients who are uninvolved in their treatment plan and pain relief is not achieved?

As young kids we learn from our family environment self-care behaviors, including diet and physical activity. As of 2014, there are 29.1 million people in the world that are diagnosed with diabetes. (2014 National Diabetes Statistics Report) Diabetes is a disease that affects how your body produces insulin, which then affects your blood sugar. There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is where someone does not produce insulin at all and is typically diagnosed in early childhood. Type 2 diabetes, this is where the body does not produce enough insulin for the body to function properly, it can also be the result of the body not responding properly to the insulin that it is

For years I watched both of my grandparents struggle with the complications of a disease that took a huge toll on their health. I watched my grandfather get multiple infections that cost him his lower legs and then most of his fingers. A once physically strong independent man, reduced to spending his time in a wheelchair. I can remember the morning I woke up for school to find my grandmother crying because she could no longer see anything, another complication of the disease that stole the ability to watch her family grow. According to the Center for Disease Control, “More than 29 million Americans are living with diabetes, and 86 million are living with pre-diabetes, a serious health condition that increases a person’s risk of type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases. “ (Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2016) Diabetes is a crippling disease that has complications that can drastically change a once normal life, but the appropriate medical and nutritional therapy can help to manage and reduce the risk of developing such complications.

To some people sweet treats can be a true indulgence, but for others this could mean the difference between life and death. Those people have to watch everything they eat and how much sugar they take in because they have a chronic illness called diabetes. “When you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use its own insulin as well as it should.” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 2015) Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that is located near the stomach and is used to help the glucose get to cells around the body. This disease is characterized by high blood glucose levels. It can be a problem because most food we eat turns into glucose so that our bodies can use it for energy. While diabetes can cause sugar to build up in a person’s blood, people also have other problems to worry about. Diabetes can lead to blindness, heart disease, lower-extremity amputations, and kidney failure. This chronic illness is seventh in the United States for leading cause of death. (CDC 2015)