The Mental Computation And Estimation

In order to improve my instructional practices, I analyzed instructional data from district math diagnostic and proficiency assessments. The most recent assessment assessed student’s abilities to count, add and subtract, and their understanding of place value. My students scored below not only the other first grade students at the school, but also all first grade students in the district. 81.6% of my students could count, read, and write numbers to 120. This was an improvement from their diagnostic assessment. However, only 66.7% could relate counting to addition and subtraction, and only 45% demonstrated understanding of place value in two digit numbers.

Though we may not realize it nor want to acknowledge it, Cognitive Psychology is a part of every human 's daily life. Cognitive Psychology is the scientific study of the mind as an information processor. In a simpler definition, it is the study of how our minds interpret and process things that we either are informed of or something we take into thought. Cognitive Psychology is a part of our attention process, language use, our memory for both long and short term, perception, problem solving, creativity, and the way we think. Each of these different features are a part of how we perceive information, think, remember, and use the information we gather. Through this branch of psychology, researchers are able to observe the relationship

The Latin American subtraction algorithm is based on the fact that the difference between the two numbers does not change while adding the same amount to the minuend and subtrahend (Indiana University Southeast, n.d.). This algorithm appears to be one that requires precision to detail as it is different from the traditional subtraction algorithm the majority of students have been taught. Regardless of teacher preference, providing students with various strategies allows them to experience the diversity in problem

of contexts, checking their answers in different ways, moving on to using more formal methods of working and recording when they are developmentally ready. They explore, estimate and solve real-life problems in both the indoor and outdoor

It is compulsory for Australian year 3, 5, 7 and 9 school students to complete the National Assessment Program- Literacy and Numeracy (National Assessment Program, 2016) test. The NAPLAN test provides schools, governments, education authorities, students and the community statistics of schools and individual student’s weaknesses and strengths in specific areas of curriculum. One of the areas of curriculum that is tested is Mathematics. For this assignment we had to answer five questions from a year 9 NAPLAN test. I felt confident answering majority of the questions correctly; taking my time to logically work out each question with the aid of pen and paper when needed. I am a visual learner, so I was able to mentally solve most of the questions in my head. I rarely need to use a calculator as I have memorized many different strategies for working out mathematical questions.

The pre-assessment used to establish students’ baseline knowledge and skills for this lesson is first to watch the video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Z2gpbYiEXo. After the video engages the students to bring back prior knowledge, they will be given a white board. The students will work out a subtraction problem on the board for me to see what they already understand about solving subtraction word problems. I will use the data to know what parts of the instruction on how to solve subtraction word problems need to be more emphasized to the students.

He can convert improper fractions to a mixed number with 57% accuracy and convert mixed numbers to improper fractions with 80% accuracy. John can simplify a fraction with 92% accuracy. However, he does not always simplify his answer, instead he stops with his answer rather than seeing if it can be simplified. He can add and subtract fractions with 88% accuracy. He can multiply a fraction by a fraction with 14% accuracy and by a whole number with 90% accuracy. He can divide a fraction by a whole number and a whole number by a fraction with 89% accuracy. He needs to be able to simplify fractions when computing with fractions. He needs to be able to add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions. He needs to identify the correct operation to solve a word problem. He needs to be able to solve one-step and multi-step word problems involving all 4 operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) of whole numbers and fractions. John’s weaknesses in math impact his ability to solve multi-step word problems, which is expected in 5th

As a student, I always enjoyed math. In high school I took all of the offered math classes, including Calculus. The first math class I took in college was a breeze, and I thought that this one would be no different. What could I learn about elementary school math that I did not already know? Contrary to my expectation, the first day of class, I learned things about math that had never been brought to my attention. This paper will discuss what I have learned about subtraction, about students, about the Common Core State Standards, and how my concept map has changed since my first draft.

This October 2017, practicum observation at Sharpsville Elementary consisted of a third grade Math Assessment interview and observation. The third grade teacher works on formative and summative assessment in the math class. The teacher uses different ways to assess students in the classroom. In most cases, whether the child is above level or at the level where the child should be she has many options and strategies on how to solve mathematical problems as a whole-group or individually. This reflection will discuss the formative assessment, summative assessment, how students respond to the instruction, and a student interview observation..

In math, Markell can complete basic calculation tasks assessing all four operations successfully, struggles with tasks that involve multiple steps to complete or parenthesis

Can your mental models about your world both assist and limit your perceptions when you meet a person for the first time?

The lack of adopted curriculum also means that most, if not all, teachers are supplementing both materials and instructional routines. These students need to pass the state-mandated Smarter Balanced Assessment (SBA) which requires completion of a problem-solving performance task. Students need to know which operation(s) to use (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and/or division) and how to apply them appropriately. This problem has

What is psychology? The definition may have diverse answers in multiple phrases but they all correlate to the same understanding which is the study of human behavior and mental processes. However, there isn’t just the subject psychology itself but numerous branches extending off the subject such as abnormal psychology; “the scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning” (Comer, 2013, p.2). In other words, those specialized in the field work toward an understanding in the science by gathering information and doing experiments. To clinically pronounce someone abnormal, they must possess particular traits found in almost all cases: deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger. From here, scientists and other health professionals can claim the suffering individual as psychologically abnormal then work toward a route involving further diagnosis and treatments. Eventually, the route leads to a path involving several models that “are used to explain and treat abnormal functioning” (Comer, 2013, p.48). Because someone is pronounced abnormal, this doesn’t necessarily mean the condition is over and treatment can be provided. Health professionals must find the specific model to explain the abnormal behavior first then continue on the path of building a precise framework for the case after evaluating all possible weaknesses and strengths.

Mathematics is a type of reasoning. Thinking mathematically includes thinking in a rational way, developing and checking conjectures, understanding things, and forming and validating judgments, reasoning, and conclusions. We show mathematical habits when we acknowledge and explain patterns, build physical and theoretical models of sensations, develop sign systems to assist us stand for, control, and review concepts, and create treatments to address issues (Battista, 1999).

We have all seen that game. It is the game that everybody wishes to watch over and over again just to make sure it actually happened. When it comes down to the last few seconds of the game and somebody makes the shot, scores the run, or catches the pass when everyone else thought it would be over. But what is it about these athletes that makes them so clutch, meaning graceful under pressure or always seeming to make those amazing plays when they are needed the most. Is it just pure luck or is there some type of psychological reasoning behind what these athletes have that others do not? And for those athletes that do not seem to have that grace under pressure, can they be taught it?