The Modernization Of The World

Greenville County’s disaster preparedness plans and resources are maintained by the Emergency Operations Center. The Emergency Operations Center “is the physical location where emergency management and support personnel come together during an emergency to coordinate response and recovery efforts and allocate available resources” (“Emergency Preparedness,” 2015). Greenville County Hazards include naturally occurring events such as dam/levee failure, drought, flooding, tornados, tropical storms, and winter storms; as well as hazardous materials (HazMat) events including fixed facility accidents, nuclear accidents, pipeline accidents, and transportation accidents. Hazardous materials events are of particular concern due to the fact that “Greenville County has more than 1,400 miles of state-maintained highways, numerous railroad lines, and many industrial manufacturing plants that use hazardous materials”

In order to mitigate exposure to harmful substances, first responders are trained to be familiar with hazardous substance identification systems. These two systems are the National Fire Protection Association’s (NFPA) 704 system, and the Department of Transportation (DOT) HAZMAT identification system (Weekly reading; Unit 2: Hazardous Materials Identification Systems). Deadly threats exist in the aftermath of any terrorist attacks, so first responders should be aware of these systems, and the dangers they will face.

This chapter provides an overview that describes the basic types of hazards threatening the United States and provides definitions for some basic terms such as hazards, emergencies, and disasters. The chapter also provides a brief history of emergency management in the federal government and a general description of the current emergency management system—including the basic functions performed by local emergency managers. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the all-hazards approach and its implications for local emergency management.

This paper will look at NFPA 472 and what it does to protect the FireFighter. NFPA 472 is a very interesting standard as it is the standard of competence of responders to hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incidents. The purpose of this standard is to specify the minimum effectiveness for those who respond to hazardous materials and WMD incidents and necessary for a risk based response to the incidents. Hazmat situations can be a very tricky situation with all the recently introduced acids and gasoline of the current era. NFPA 472 keeps the FireFighter safe and effective on duty.

A disaster is an unforeseen fatal event that causes massive disruption to the working of a community

Currently the process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals is a broad standard that covers many industries possessing chemicals above a threshold quantity. The standard does not distinguish between different industries or different chemicals. It may be advisable to adapt the standard to differentiate between industries and chemicals. This would make the standard more specific and could focus on industry specific hazard prevention, best management practices, recognized and generally accepted good engineering practices, and emergency

The primary responsibility for employee health and safety lies with the individual. Employees must always perform their work in a safe and healthful manner. Work areas are to be kept neat and clean and proper

Emergency support function (ESF) 10 – Hazardous materials. (2013). Pueblo County Sheriff’s Office. Retrieved from https://www.sheriff.co.pueblo.co.us/plans/LEOP/Local%20Emergency%20Operations%20Plan_2013DRAFT.pdf

In order to mitigate such risk, it is critical for emergency services personnel to be trained at all levels. Ensuring the implementation of hazardous materials training (HAZMAT), resourcing the proper detection devices, and most of all, training emergency personnel to both understand and identify all known indicators. Terrorist incidents involving chemical agents are so dangerous in the fact

An emergency is a severe, sudden and sometimes risky circumstances requiring urgent action (Salman Sawalha, 2014). Escalation of an emergency situation can lead to disaster; which is an unusual event that can cause lost of life and property (Salman Sawalha, 2014). International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRRCS) define disaster as “unexpected devastating events that disrupts the operations of a population or public which leads to huge losses and overwhelmed the affected community 's ability to respond to the situation with the resources they have at hand”. There are two main types of disaster that can lead to emergency situations; these include natural and man-made disasters.

India is one of the oldest civilizations that have made contributions to math and science. What the Ancients Knew: “India” explores the accomplishments of ancient India that are still used and have been modernized. The ancient Indians had a lasting influence through their developments in astronomy, metalworking, medical practices and the numeric system.

Hazardous materials releases can occur in any location and time. The potential of a release is dependent on the volume, distribution, and use of the hazardous substances within a particular area. Hazard identification, planning, and response preparedness is an ongoing process and must be addressed through a cooperative partnership between the public and private sectors (Washoe County LEPC, 2006).

Events which interfere with the normal operations of Hennepin Technical College (HTC) are unavoidable. The purpose of this document is to explain the actions, roles, and responsibilities that are to be taken by individuals and departments in the event of a spill or release of a hazardous chemical or waste. (Homeland Security, 2011)

First off, it’s important to identify what a hazardous material is, and a hazardous material can be defined as, “a material with properties that make it dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health or the environment (Staff E. P., US Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). Hazardous materials can be very complex, dangerous, and unstable. This becomes more of a challenge when you add the stresses of the environment, the impacts of an accident and the inevitable human factor. What is meant by “human factor” is that people are human and humans make mistakes. The human factor contributes directly to laziness, mistakes, and lack of proper judgment. Laziness, mistakes, and lack of proper judgement may not be the responders fault, it could just mean the first responder lacked the proper training necessary to respond properly and this does not matter whether their intentions were for good or not, and their good intentions could worsen the situation, which could lead to death and could spread the contamination. All of this is why proper training and knowledge is important in regards to hazardous material response.

In his inaugural speech in 1949, Truman captured the United States’ optimistic sentiment with regards to development following the Second World War. The United States found themselves in a unique position where they had shown their military and technological prowess, were the only victor whose infrastructure had not been damaged by the war and saw themselves as the technological leader of the world and a model to be emulated. Along with growing fears about Cold War tensions and the threat of communism, the domestic post-war environment contributed to the emergence of the predominant American sociological and economic theory of the post-war years: modernization theory. Though many new theories have emerged since the development of modernization theory, of which Walt Whitman Rostow was one of the leading figures, and it has seen fluctuations in its popularity, it has remained a part of the discourse on development to this day. Over the years, it faced harsh criticism, notably from the Latin American dependentistas of which Andre Gunder Frank was one of the main voices.