The Most Damaging Types Of Trauma

A., Mannarino, A. P., Kliethermes, M., & Murray, L. A. (2012). Trauma-focused CBT for youth with complex trauma. Child abuse & neglect, 36(6), 528-541.

The exposure of children to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and other forms of maltreatment is

Once my client is stabilized from the initial concerns of severe depression and suicide attempts, TF-CBT could be introduced. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma. (2012) suggests that the following areas be covered psychoeducation and parenting skills, relaxation techniques, affective expressions and regulation, cognitive coping and processing, trauma narrative and processing, in vivo exposure, conjoint parent/child sessions and enhancing personal safety and future

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is a conjoint child and parent psychotherapy approach for children and adolescents who are experiencing significant emotional and behavioral difficulties related to traumatic life events. This online TF-CBT course shows step by step instruction in ten modules for each component of therapy. According to the introduction on the Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy website it states that, “There is strong scientific evidence that TF-CBT helps children, adolescents, and their parents overcome many of the difficulties associated with abuse and trauma.” This is a very detailed online course that gives live video examples on how each process is done.

In 2011-2012 the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) released staggering survey data on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) reporting that approximately 35 million U.S. children had experienced at least one or more childhood traumas (Stevens, 2013). If this data is valid, so far none refuted, this would mean that a high percentage of children are at risk for chronic disease and mental illness (Stevens, 2013). A direct link between childhood trauma and the adult onset of chronic disease, mental illness, violence and being a victim of violence was revealed from the center of disease control and prevention (CDC)’s adverse childhood experiences study(ACE) (Stevens, 2013).

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) will be used to meet the treatment goals for Neveah’s case. According to Child Welfare Information Gateway (2012), TF-CBT is an evidenced-based treatment approach for children and adolescents experiencing trauma-related mental and/or behavioral health difficulties. The treatment approach is applicable to a variety of clients as it is designed to be used with children ages three to eighteen (Lawson & Quinn, 2013). TF-CBT utilizes individual and family sessions to reduce negative emotional and behavioral responses from youth who have experienced a traumatic event(s) (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2012). Furthermore, the treatment addresses maladaptive beliefs regarding the trauma and provides skills training and support for parents (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2012). TF-CBT is effective for a variety of trauma’s including sexual abuse, domestic violence, and a traumatic loss (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2012). According to Lawson and Quinn (2013), TF-CBT is the best-known approach to treatment trauma in children and adolescents. It is also an evidenced-based approach for treatment complex trauma in youth (Lawson & Quinn, 2013).

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is a psychotherapeutic approach that involves conjoint therapy sessions of with the child and the parent. This approach is employed among children and/or adolescents that are experiencing emotional and behavioral difficulties that are significant and related to life events that are traumatic (Cohen, Mannarino, & Deblinger, 2012). TF-CBT is a components-based model of treatment that includes intervention that are trauma-sensitive and cognitive behavioral, family and humanistic therapy

TF-CBT is an evidence based practice that has evolved in the past 25 years and has been extensively researched within the treatment of PTSD and trauma effects such as depression, distress, anxiety, and cognitive and behavioral problems. This paper will contain a detailed description of the methodology of TF-CBT and an examination of a few peer reviewed studies, which tests the effectiveness TF-CBT has on children and adolescents who suffer from PTSD, neglect, or other trauma impacts.

“With effective treatment, children can recover from sexual abuse and other traumas. In TF-CBT, one key to recovery is encouraging children to open up and talk freely about their trauma (Getz, 2012).” First trauma-Focused cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is an evidence based treatment is a model designed to assist children and their families in overcoming the negative effects of traumatic experience. There are many types of trauma events such as child abuse, domestic violence, rape violent and community violence and etc. I will be discussing three main section which are: Facing trauma, Evidence based treatment and what differentiates TF-CBT.

The premise of the article is that cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective and safe intervention process for both acute and chronic post- traumatic stress disorder following a wide range of traumatic experiences in children, and adolescents. The article entitled “Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a review” (Kar, 2011), is accurately reflected by its content along with information that is being presented throughout the article. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric sequel to a stressful event or situation of an exceptionally catastrophic or even threatening event. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been used in the management of PTSD for many years; it originally was used

“The most basic definition of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric sequel to a stressful event or situation of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic in nature.” (Kassam-Adams, & Winston, 2004, p.409). In the event that a client suffers from PTSD an evidenced based therapeutic concept should be used, this concept is generally called Trauma-Focused Cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT). TF-CBT has been used in the management of PTSD in both children and adolescents for many years as it has been proven over and over again to be the most effective in treating clients with PTSD with an emphasis on children. (Cohen, Mannarino, & Deblinger, 2012, p.3). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can and usually is an extremely

removed from the family environment, a primary relative had to relocate or the death or destruction (e.g. fatal accident, domestic violence, natural disaster) of a close individual (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)The fourth factor emphasizes that age may be a factor in children’s responses to traumatic events which thus determines the course of therapy (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)Very young children struggle with cognitive components of cognitive-behavioral intervention strategies because it exceeds their developmental capabilities (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)As previously noted, a child is at a greater risk for the effects of severe sexual abuse in the first years of life (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)

The prior studies all looked at out-patients and how important TF-CBT was in helping reduce symptoms of severe stress or trauma, however, they only glanced over how important it is to not only provide the child with services but the other family members or parents of the child as well and even the entire community in some settings. First and foremost interventions are generally 12-16 weeks long and begin with the individual child or adolescent. Interventions focus on teaching the individual, that begin to address the individual’s feelings and discusses feeling identification, then the introduction of cognitive triangle is brought in which is how thoughts affect behavior which in turn affects the individuals feelings. Next is stress inoculation

There are many types of trauma that can effect an adolescent and without the proper treatment of the traumatic event the adolescent can have difficulty adapting and developing into adulthood. Kathleen J. Moroz, of the Vermont Agency of Human Services, defines trauma as a physical or psychological threat or assault to a child’s physical integrity, sense of self, safety of survival or to the physical safety of another person significant to the child. She goes on to list the types of trauma a child may be exposed to. Abuse of every kind, domestic violence, natural disasters, abandonment, serious illness or an accident are just a few traumatic events that can effect the development of a child. (2) When these events occur as an acute event

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the studies involving TF-CBT in the treatment for PTSD following various types of trauma, and including those that are related to physical disorders in children, and adolescents. It is also intended to review the long-term outcomes of TF-CBT in PTSD along with various modes of delivery and interventions surrounding that of TF-CBT in practice. “In 2011, child protective services in the United States received 3.4 million referrals, representing 6.2 million children. Of those cases referred, about 19% were substantiated.” (Rosenberg, 2010, p.1).”In older children, there have been several national studies on this very subject. The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence reports on 1 year and