The Movement Of The 20th Century

History since the end of the Civil War to the end of the 20th century has changed drastically when you asses America on an economic, social, and political level. The changes between the end of the 19th century and the end of the 20th century are the cause in the way America has been shaped and how American’s think. In fact, industrialization and urbanization, equal rights for all citizens, and two world wars played a major role in the shape of America to our understanding. Although, there are numerous events that have shaped the country since the end of slavery throughout the United States, there are several that are viewed as signs of great change, such as the Reconstruction Era, the Industrialization Era, World War I and World War II, the Great Depression Era, and the Civil Rights Movement Era. Though, these descriptions only scratch the surface of the greater changes, they can be well-defined as events that created America today.

America has been plagued with the “American Dream” since its citizens first started spreading out westward in search of wealth and fame. Along with this American ideal came the concept of being un-American and not standing for what was considered “true” American. With the emergence of Populists, Progressives and Radicals came a vast difference between what was thought as American. All groups claimed to be trying to make the US a better place however each differed vastly in their ideas of going about it. During the age of uncertainty between 1890 and the 1920’s a new movement called the Progressives emerged in parts of the Unites States. They emerged as part of a long tradition of reform aimed at correcting the issues of the country.

The transition between the 19th and 20th century has brought further development of modernistic ideas, concepts and techniques in art. Inspired by Cezanne’s idea, saying that all nature objects can be illustrated with just three geometrical figures: cube, sphere and cone, Pablo Picasso created his first paintings, which became the icons of modern art and cubism movement in

While a number of the most important reform movements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries grew out of efforts to combat the negative effects of industrialization, the main focus of their efforts was not the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the natural environment. Although some reformers, such as Theodore Roosevelt and Gifford Pinchot, were deeply worried about the consequences of economic development on the natural environment, the most influential, most effective reformers were primarily concerned with the impact of the rise of big business on small businesses, industrial workers, and consumers, and with corruption in government that reformers believed resulted from the economic power of large corporations.

The Progressive movement of the 1900’s was the most important event to occur in the United States during the twentieth century. Progressives at first concentrated on improving the lives of those living in slums and in getting rid of corruption in government. The goal was to make working conditions better for the workers. True reform needed to happen. The workers of America believed this to be the best nation with opportunities for all people. Reform started with industrialization. Workers needed healthy and safe places to work, especially for women and children who were considered vulnerable and weak during that time period. Women and children over 14 worked at meat trimming sausage making and canning. “The Jungle” by Upton Sinclair in one

The beginning of the twentieth century brought with it relative peace and growth of economies throughout the world. New technological developments such as airplanes, radio, cinema, and automobiles were created during this time frame. Europe’s powerful countries consolidated in their colonial conquests from earlier decades that balanced their alliances. However, after only a few decades into the twentieth century multiple tensions between the great powers surfaced. These tensions caused the great powers to separate into different alliances and eventually lead to the Great War.

Color field painters used a different abstract strategy and focused on controlled shapes rather than a randomized effect. Abstractism in the 1940’s paved the way for Pop Art in the 1950’s by challenging traditional values and definitions of art work. Abstract Expressionism inspired the entire creative community, including sculptors, poets, photographers, and film-makers.

After the industrialization of the nation, problems arose because of many new circumstances. The progressive reform efforts were an integral part of United States history. Reforms such as the Antitrust Movement and the Clean Food Push helped protect the public from unsafe conditions, both in the business and in the market.

Everybody wants change, whether it is to benefit themselves or it’s to benefit a large population but, how many people can say they are willing to fight for that modification in society or in politics? Many reformers in the Progressive Era had enough bravery to speak out against the social and political injustices that went on among society throughout the 1890's to the 1920’s. But was the movement for change really successful in conducting just that, change? Did America have any improvements due to the reform movements? The Progressive Era had many powerful voices however, the movements were not as victorious as one might think and it had no effect on American politics and society. The movement failed

From 1881-1920 the progressive movement was inspired by the populists movement years later. They moved to improve living conditions by using three methods. These methods are to help regulate business, make government more responsible, and social changes. Their main goals were to change the industrialization and urbanization of cities. They found that fundamental change is the perceived function of the federal government. In order to enforce and create these goals they had economic, social, and political reforms to show the importance of this movement and the extension of reformers’ ideas and their programs from 1880-1920.

The 1920's were times of cultural revolution. The times were changing in many different ways. Whenever the times change, there is a clash between the "old" and the "new" generations. The 1920's were no exception. In Dayton, Tennessee, 1925, a high school biology teacher was arrested. He was arrested because he taught the theory of evolution. The teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of having violated the Butler Act. This was a Tennessee law that forbade the teaching of the theory of evolution in public schools. The Tennessee legislature felt that teaching evolution was wrong because it contradicted the creation theory of the Bible. The Scopes trial received worldwide publicity. The press nicknamed it the Monkey Trial

Abstraction is the creation of art without representation of objects, in which the artist has total freedom of the art that they are creating. I will be using three paintings from three different time periods in order to show the development and lasting effects of abstraction in the twentieth century. The first work that I will be looking at is Foghorns by Arthur Dove. I will use this piece to show the beginning of abstraction, and how ideas of abstraction were present before the movement began. The second painting that I will be looking at is Jackson Pollock’s Lucifer. I will be using this painting as an example of the height of abstraction in the 20th century and will be discussing Pollock’s influence on abstraction. The third piece of art I will be looking at is Many Mansion by Kerry James Marshall. I will use this work to show the remnants of Pollock’s influence, and the influence of abstraction in general, on art in the later half of the century. For the development of this paper I looked at two of the course readings. The first reading that I used was The Tradition of the New by Harold Rosenberg. I used this article to show how Foghorns by Arthur Dove relates to abstraction, and to show how ideas in creation of this painting can be linked to ideas of abstract art. The second reading that I used for this paper was The Legacy of Jackson Pollock by Alan Kaprow. I used this article to gain information about

During the period from 1914 until around 1945, the world experienced a period of global warfare and- as a result- these thirty years included wars, unfavorably treaties, periods of inflation and economic depression, civil unrest, and mass genocide. Not only were many of the world’s countries at war with one another, they also struggled internally with civil unrest, violence and poverty.

More historical events, abrupt changes, and turbulence occurred from the end of World War II until the height of the Vietnam War than in any time period. Before this time, styles of art had lasted generations. In the 1960’s numerous important art movements were happening at the same time. There were variations on variations, movements inside of other movements. Therefore, because of the amount of independent and integrated pieces of movements and styles, a lot can be missed in a short paper. The

Social movements have become an important aspect of life to attempt to improve the world around us, and to project highly supported ideas such as things like animal rights, gay rights, climate change, black lives matter, and working class movements such as the equal pay movement. Social movements such as these are the key actors within our societies that challenge the higher powers to create or to start to create a change worldwide. One paradigm that has arisen within the realm of sociology is the NSM, which is the “new” social movement’s paradigm. The European “new” social movement studies (NSM) is a critical approach within the study of social movements, which stresses the elements of both macrohistorical and microhistorical theories of social movements (Pichardo, N. A., 1997). Secondly, it explores the extreme change within European/Western societies when it comes to the reasoning of social movements in the post-industrial era. These reasoning’s are the shift that began during the 1960’s between being mainly political reasoning to becoming more human rights focused . This essay will give an evaluation of the new social movement theory (NSW) approach to social movements, some main theorists within the field and will lastly, touch upon how this certain approach relates to the state.