Marie de France wrote Bisclavret in the late 12th and 13th centuries. Bisclavret actually means werewolf. The thought of fairy tales and horror stories may come to mind or one may also think of an aggressive animal or beast. Bisclavret is neither one of those types of stories or comparisons. Marie de France uses a werewolf in her story to symbolize a beastly side or an aggressive side of humans. Bisclavret is interesting because it has many layers and messages within the narrative. One message that the story demonstrates is the struggles that one may have with an outer or inner beast. The story is about the life of Bisclavret and the struggle he has with his outer beast, the werewolf. The author begins her story by stating, “A werewolf is a savage beast” (p734 line 9). However, Bisclavret is not a beast, he is quite the opposite. Bisclavret disappears for several days at a time. It is then he transforms into a werewolf by taking his clothes off in the forest. The clothes are the difference between him being a man or a beast or civilized and uncivilized. When Bisclavret has on clothes, he is recognized as a handsome, noble knight. He ranks high in society and is a big part of civilization. One may be considered civilized in many ways. In some stories, a person is considered civilized according to something they have done. For example, in “Gilgamesh,” Enkidu becomes civilized when he meets a woman and has relations with her. On the other hand, Bisclavret is
There are numerous genre’s in literature, but the level of importance and influence on an individual will differ. Exposure to books and stories is especially important for children because it their chance to acclimate themselves to written language and in turn create their own visuals for the toneless words. “Why Fairy Tales Matter: The Performative and the Transformative”, by Maria Tatar contains an ample amount of textual evidence from author’s research into fairytales, as well as writer’s personal experiences with fairytales. Although Tatar supports her claims with evidence, her resources are not concrete, and seems excessive at times. Also, her assertions are weakened by her failure to defend her conclusion against competing beliefs.
In his evaluation of Little Red Riding Hood, Bill Delaney states, “In analyzing a story . . . it is often the most incongruous element that can be the most revealing.” To Delaney, the most revealing element in Little Red Riding Hood is the protagonist’s scarlet cloak. Delaney wonders how a peasant girl could own such a luxurious item. First, he speculates that a “Lady Bountiful” gave her the cloak, which had belonged to her daughter. Later, however, Delaney suggests that the cloak is merely symbolic, perhaps representing a fantasy world in which she lives.
Upon first reading “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves,” it might seem like an imaginative fantasy and nothing else. The story focuses on the daughters of a pack of werewolves, and it takes place in a world where the werewolves and their daughters are nothing out of the ordinary. But upon closer examination, this is a story rooted in reality. This inventive tale parallels several real world phenomena. Karen Russell uses allegory in “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves” to objectify western society’s views of people outside of that society and of outsiders in general, and compare them to the views that people have of wild animals.
Triumphant reward in spite of unjust punishment is a universal sentiment that transcends languages and cultures. There are thousands of folktales and fairy tales that are firmly rooted in individual cultures, yet the tale of Cinderella has been told through many centuries and throughout the far corners of the world. With thousands of versions of this classic tale in print worldwide, the tale is believed to have originated with the story of Rhodopis, a Greek slave girl who is married to an Egyptian King. The story of Rhodopis, which means rosy-cheeks, dates back to 7 BC and is attributed to a Greek geographer named Strabo. The Chinese variation of this fairy tale is named Yeh-hsien. The Chinese version is traceable to the year 860 and appears in Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang by Duan Chengshi. Yeh-hsien is a young girl, motherless and in the control of her stepmother, who befriends a treasured fish. The jealous step-mother kills the fish, but it’s bones provide Yeh-hsien with magical powers, eventually enabling Yeh-hsien to escape the control of her step-mother for a royal life. The Story of the Black Cow which is found within the pages of Folk Tales from the Himalayas by John Murray, published in 1906, the child who is mistreated by a stepmother is a male and the role of savior is portrayed by a snake, with a cow serving as the moral of the story, faithfulness. These two versions of Cinderella carry many common threads that are
The loss of his love is more important to Bisclavret then anything else. The entire description of who he is, is almost a foreshadowing of what he will be like when he does turn into a werewolf. He is no different in beast form as he was in human form. It is his wife who betrays not him. The loyalty of Bisclavret is also shown when he explains how he has not taken on a lover but something almost far worse. The way the narrator described the reaction of Bisclavret sums up how loyal he is. “in God’s name have mercy on me! If I tell you this, great harm will come to me for as a result I shall lose your love and destroy myself.” (69). Spoke directly back to his wife, he was asking for mercy from his wife and not mercy from God alone. He knew he was doing wrong and he wanted nothing more but the approval of his wife. It is as if he wants more of an approval from his wife and not God, he needs mercy from both. The narrator explains how Bisclavret did not even want to explain, he was very nervous and did not want to share his story. The word “coaxing” stands out in this part of the story because the knight was such a noble man but now when it is time to reveal his secret he turned shy and cowardly. He did not want to run the risk of being judged falsely. Although Bisclavret was ashamed of being this beast, he still remained loyal to his wife he even trusted her with these
Imagine waking up one day and transforming into a werewolf, experiencing a change like no other, where you couldn't tell other individuals for fear of death. Bisclavaret was forced to deal with this emotional and physical change by himself. To keep himself and his wife safe, he was forced to leave their house three days out of every week. Some disagree saying that his wife is the one who was betrayed by her own husband because he withheld this important information from her. However, once questioned by his wife about his disappearances, he connected with his emotions by using his ethics and trusting her enough to tell her his secret.
Starting with Chapter One, the author introduces the reader to the first few accounts of werewolves, or what would be considered werewolves by our current imagery. She discusses the ancient Epic of Gilgamesh, which is the first tale of a werewolf and the first story of a man falling victim to, and being transformed by, a “wicked woman,” which is a theme that runs through many of the older stories. She also brings up Ovid’s retelling of the Metamorphosis, a Greek story about Lycaon, who attempted to serve human flesh to Zeus and was horrifically punished for his actions. Next is the Satyricon, written by Petronius. From the stories presented, we are able to start classifying the subjects as going through either voluntary or involuntary transformations.
Many parents read fairy tales to their children. Young people are able to use their imaginations while listening to these fantastical stories. Filled with dragons, witches, damsels in distress, and heroes, these tales stay in the mind children for years to come. However, these young listeners are getting much more than a happy ending. Fairy tales such as "The Goose Girl", "The Three Little Pigs", "Cinderella", and "Snow White" one can find theories of psychology. Erik Erikson's theories of social development as well as Sigmund Freud's theory of the map of the mind and his controversial Oedipal complex can be found in many fairy tales. Within every fairy tale there lies a hidden lesson in
A werewolf is someone who changes form into a wolf for a period of time, typically around the full moon. It is unknown when and where the first werewolf myths came to be, but one of the earliest recordings is of Bisclavret by Marie de France. In her story, the protagonist is a baron from Brittany, who has to leave his otherwise normal life for three days each week and roam the woods as a werewolf. As a nobleman in human form, he has conformed to and personified masculine gender norms of the middle ages, yet once he has transformed into Bisclavret, they are abandoned. To be masculine during any age, is to be in possession of the traits or qualities associated with men. The gender norms represented in Bisclavret by Marie de France are so
The story begins with The Wife questioning Bisclaravet and his whereabouts. Being “a man of office and repute,” Bisclaravet is honest and admits, “Wife, I become Bisclaravet. I enter in the forest, and live on prey and roots, within the thickest of the wood.” When The Wife finds out that his returning to his clothing after becoming a werewolf is the only way to turn back to a man, she pesters him into revealing his hiding
When the wife finds out that her husband has been sneaking around, she questions. Without hesitate the husband responds, “Wife, I become Bisclavaret. I enter the forest, and live on prey and roots, within the thickets of the wood” (Page 597). Once the wife had finally found out why her husband had been sneaking and disappearing from her sight for days, even weeks at a time, she betrayed him, immediately, without a doubt. The secret that he has kept from his wife, the husband has now told to his loving wife. Now, the wife being jealous sets out on her own mission to become a werewolf. The writer states, “she dared no longer to lie at his side and turned over in her mind, this way and that, how best she could get her from / him” (Page 598). After the wife had found out that her husband is a werewolf, she immediately betrays him and tells the knight, that was her secret lover. The wife knowing, that if anyone had found out that her husband had become a werewolf at nighttime, that he would get in trouble by the
Throughout time, there have been numerous references to lycanthropy, or werewolves, in literature. Causes of this disease have ranged from simple pathological problems to demonic possessions. The one constant in all cases, however, is the diagnosed individual succumbing to melancholy, or finally becoming aware of the implications his or her actions have had on society. In this article, I will be focusing on the fact that due to his internal monstrosity, in regards to his lack of morality and horrid decision making, Ferdinand falls prey to lycanthropy and hallucinates his transformation into a werewolf, becoming the animal that he has always been within himself.
"Once upon a time," the most used introduction phrase in common fairy tales used to start an adventure. These adventures have been around for years. The importance of some tales might be more significant than others, also based on culture. My goal for this paper is to educate my readers with the importance of fairy tales, especially for younger children. Fairy tales have been around for centuries from generations to generations. Different cultures, such as the Japanese and Western, have also expressed them differently. All these fairly tales teach children different aspects of life, which make these tales so important.
Fairy Folk Tales are the most popular types of literature. The tale is an orally transmitted tradition by generations through the time; some events are changed to fit reality and society. Folk fairy tales deal with the dualism of the good and the evil. They are basing on a conflict between the good and the evil forces. The conclusion comes from aspirations of the human desire to achieve the justices. There are no known authors and sources for ancient’s literature. We have many versions of the story; they are credited by many authors later. Each tale is very like some other culture’s tale. Each culture has own tales, but all the tales are similarities and differences in some points. This essay will compare between two fairy tales, “Cinderella” and “In the Land of Small Dragon”. The tale of Cinderella is a French tale. It is credited by Charles Perrault; it is published in 1697. The in the Land of Small Dragon is a Vietnamese folktale; it is told by Dang Manh Kha in 1979.
Fairy tales have been embedded into our culture and date back before recorded times, they provide a source of entertainment and imagination for children. Despite today’s fairy tales having positive moral intentions they have been adapted from earlier versions which often can be very different and much more sinister. The fairy tale “Sun, Moon, and Talia” by Giambattista Basile formed the basis for the more commonly known Disney interpretation called the “Sleeping Beauty” however they are vastly different, Basile’s original is a very dark and twisted story compared to the Disney version.