The Need And Implementation Of Wastewater Usage

Water may be a renewable resource, but the world’s supply of drinkable fresh water is being consumed more rapidly than ever before, and most importantly, more rapidly than it can be replenished. Only 2.5% of water on Earth is fresh

Water, like food, is a necessity for human life that is used for many purposes such as agricultural, industrial, and domestic systems. While water is a common element around the world not all of it is clean and able to be consumed or used by humans. With only a percentage of the world’s water being clean and the use of water increasing, the availability of water around the world has become a common issue in the developing and even the developed world. This may be a smaller problem in areas close to clean water sources compared to areas far from a clean water source but, the availability of water is not strictly based on location, it also depends on the specific political and social needs and issues of the area as well. These all become issues that must be accounted for when deciphering whether water is a basic human right or a commodity and what action must be taken to aid the developing water systems in community’s that lack them.

Water, and the water cycle, is the most essential material that life requires here on Earth (Doršner,, 2015). The percentage of water that makes up human existence is staggering, easily justifying the need to have enough fresh water on hand to sustain our population. Given that, 85% of our brains are made of water, and that approximately 75% of our entire body is also made of water, it is clear to me that water is critical to our existence. Some of the most considerable impacts that I made to the water, or hydrological, cycle are through wastage. As a resident of a developed nation, I have fresh water at my fingertips, both at my office and in my home. It is extremely easy for me to gain access to fresh water without worry for quality or quantity. Nevertheless, this means that I am able to waste much of the water that residences in developing nations could travel miles and miles to collect. Urbanization has also greatly

Mostly, wastewaters are usually perilous and unhealthy for human beings, aquatic plants and animals in addition to responsible for the deterioration of environment so it should be treated earlier to its disposal into the aquatic medium and land surfaces. After secondary treatment of domestic and agro-industrial polluted water still discharges large amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen. Such increased percentage of nutrients leads to eutrophication of lakes, rivers, ponds and seas which also leads to augmentation of algal bloom (Lau et al., 1997; Trepanier et al., 2002) and throwing away of wastewaters produces a steady threat to fading of natural resources of fresh water on worldwide (Montaigne and Essick, 2002). Under the extreme nutrients in the wastewater, such as

In recent years overconsumption of water has drained the earth’s river basins faster than rain can replenish them. An average person’s daily water footprint i.e. the total amount of water consumed to support their lifestyle is 3,800 liters. Most of this consumption relates to the crops that are farmed to provide us with food and clothing. Irrigation consumes an enormous amount of water, and the effects of this are seen at every stage in the food chain. For example 98 percent of the water footprint created by raising beef cattle comes from growing the grain that feeds the cows during their lifetimes. For each kilogram of steak produced, we consume 15,415 liters of water. That’s enough drinking water to last one person nearly 17 years. Growing water footprint is partly a result of our increasing population; but it is also compounded by the fact that irrigation systems, especially in the developing world, are often extremely inefficient. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization states that even a good irrigation scheme is only 50-60 percent efficient. Poor irrigation systems can result in the vast majority of the water being lost to evaporation, seepage and other problems before it reaches the fields. Moreover, once it gets there, if farmers choose to irrigate at the wrong time for example, just before it rains, the water will be wasted and the crops may even be damaged.

During the last twenty years the USEPA has been evaluating decentralized wastewater treatment technologies as a reliable alternative for wastewater treatment. In 1997, the EPA submitted to congress its Report and subsequent documents endorsing decentralized wastewater treatment as a permanent long-term solution for wastewater treatment. The Report stated that adequately managed decentralized wastewater systems are a cost effective long-term option for meeting public health and water quality goals, particularly in less densely populated areas. The following is a summary the key components of the Report:

One more reason for existing situation is irrational waste of water. If we want to find an adequate solution to this problem, we must try to define how much freshwater each person requires and what factors impede supply and increase demand. Malin Falkenmark estimates that each person in the world needs approximately 1,000 cubic meters of freshwater per year. This number includes water for drinking, growing food, hygiene and sanitation (Rogers, 2008). One of the possible solutions

Drastic changes in the management of the world`s water supply is necessary to prevent a severe global water deficit. According to the World Water Development Report, 70 percent of the water used today goes to agriculture. To meet future demands, it is estimated that agricultural production must increase by 60 percent in 2050, worldwide.

This precious resource is essential for survival of all species on earth as it provides necessary hydration and allows for the creation of food. Unfortunately, many countries worldwide are facing a crisis concerning the quality and quantity of fresh water. Overpopulation, poor maintenance, and overuse by industries lead to the water crisis; malnourishment and political conflicts result (action verbs). Planting water intensive crops on farms and expanding the use of food and water trade systems globally, in addition to increasing effectiveness of government regulation can minimize the issue at hand.

One of the biggest challenges facing the world today is the emphasis on providing clean water to everyone throughout the world. This is a fairly easy task in wealthier countries with strong central governments which establish regulations on how waterways are maintained and treated, however in developing countries like India the task is insurmountable. With India’s population soon to surpass China “by 2022”, there is a huge concern in the lack of clean drinking water for many of their citizens (Riley, 2015). If India’s population is going to continue to rise at the rates it is experiencing today, the government must create more initiatives to alter the poor hygiene practices by its citizens, to ensure everyone has access to clean drinking water.

Now that we have this new technology, several issues may be raised as how to handle it. Who should make the decisions on how far recycling water should be taken? Recycled water could be used at a drinking source if we choose to take it to such levels. In some cases we already do such without necessarily realizing it. All along the Mississippi River water is taken out for municipalities for usage and discharged back into it when finished. Downstream these actions will be conducted again and again for over a thousand miles. In this case the extracted water has already gone through much “natural” cleaning and will be cleaned disinfected at a potable water treatment facility before distribution.

Clean water is essential for life and a basic need for all humans. Water pollution is the destruction of water quality due to the addition of chemical or biological contents which cause detrimental effects to the life of humans, animals, and plants, making it unsuitable for use. The use of polluted water causes harm, disease, or death to living beings. Control measures and management are needed to reduce these effects, but at what cost? Clean drinking water in some parts of the world boils down to economics. How do we balance the need for clean drinking water to prevent death and disease against the expense to maintain clean water resources? Reducing the causes of water pollution can take many forms. Uncontrolled urbanization and industrial waste released into water sources are a few areas that need to be considered. Corrective and preventative measures incur extreme expense to governments, private industry, and individuals in urban planning; however, saving the lives of humans, animals, and plant life cannot be compared to a dollar figure.

With an increase in population, the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organizations estimates that food production will need to increase by 70% by the year 2050, placing a greater strain in our water supply. Today 70% of fresh water consumption comes from agriculture (United Nations World Water Development Report (UNWWDR), 2008), up to 90% in developing countries (Fry, 2009). The problem with increased agriculture production is the inefficient irrigation techniques that are use, up to 15% to 35% of irrigation is unsustainable (Fry, 2009). Meaning that we are using more water than we have to. For instance, one of the most striking events that deals with water over extraction has been the shrinking of the former fourth largest lake in the world, the Aral Sea in Asia. Aral Sea has been so heavily extracted for water since the 1960’s that today only 10% of it remains and it is predicted to disappear altogether by 2020 (Macklin and Aladin, 2008).

Water and how it is distributed has become the significant issue of our generation. This increasingly scarce resource is intrinsically linked to the global challenges of food insecurity, poverty, climate change, depletion of natural resources which affects the livelihoods of millions of people across the world (FAO, 2011). The water management choices that are made today will determine, to a large extent, whether societies achieve economic and social development and environmental sustainability in the future (Molden et. al, 2007). As the world population is on the increase water has now become the key determent in the development and sustainability of current food production levels and living standards both in developed and developing countries (Diouf, 2003). Such is the significance of this issue, we find ourselves amidst a global power struggle for control and ownership of this vital resource. This struggle is most evident in developing countries where water is fast becoming a commercialised commodity regulated by corporate interests (Barlow & Clark, 2002).

The area of agriculture uses 83% of existing freshwater resources globally, and this percentage will continue to be dominant in water consumption because of population growth and increased food demand. There is