The Negative Effects Of Retirement On Mental And Mental Health

On the physical side, loneliness can cause seniors to engage in unhealthy behaviors. For example, some seniors turn to alcohol to escape the feeling of loneliness or to help ease the pain of grief. Some feel empty, and excess food becomes the way to fill that emptiness. Others spend more time indoors and avoid physical activities. This lack of exercise can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, and other issues. On the mental side, loneliness can have major effects as well. For example, according to a study published in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, older adults who suffer from loneliness have a 64% greater risk of dementia. Dementia, a general term for loss of memory and other mental abilities, is one of the leading causes of death for older people. Another effect of loneliness is depression, a serious mood disorder with suicide as a possible outcome. Lonely seniors who have been sad for a long time are at a high risk of depression. As can be seen, feeling loneliness hurts, and it hurts even more when people don’t have anyone to share it

Post-Concussion-Syndrome (PCS) is a form of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). PCS is caused when a traumatic brain injury occurs do to an outside force (such as accidents) and the patient becomes concussed. Do to this, PCS is an environmental disease. PCS can also refer to the symptoms that a person may get directly after getting a concussion or initial trauma but many professionals’ use the term PCS to describe what happens to a person after they get a concussion, of either one crucial concussion or when a person get’s multiple concussion (either in rapid succession or concussions throughout a timeline) where the symptoms still impact them for longer than a few weeks.

The purpose of this research is to review factors that trigger elderly depression states, their physical and mental health conditions,

While the physical, emotional and social aspects with aging may be experienced in varying degrees and in a variety of ways, the milestone of retirement is a prospect that is universal in the Western world. In most countries, the idea of retirement is of recent origin, being introduced during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Previously, low life expectancy and the absence of pension arrangements meant that most workers continued to work until death. Nowadays most developed countries have systems to provide pensions on retirement in old age, which may be sponsored by employers and/or the state. Today, retirement with a pension is considered a right of the worker in many societies. ("Retirement," 2013, p. 1) Retirement is a milestone which, to most, marks the entrance to “old age”, the point at which an individual is socially recognized for their long years of service and permitted to spend the remainder of their “golden years” enjoying the fruits of their labors. While this perspective is an ideal, retirement carries with it a social status that can be both beneficial, when viewed as a reward, and detrimental, when considered by the retiree to be a sign of being obsolete. Preparing for the changes that come with retirement, and in this day and age the inability to

The elderly experience many changes in marriage, family, and peer relations (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman,  2010). Generally retirees who are married have been in their marriages for many years. These couples have a routine that they are used to and have followed for many years. There are unsaid rules of who handles the finances and who handles family responsibilities, such as taking care of the home. Retirement may disrupt these roles and routines and change everything about them. Medical issues can also take a toll on a marriage (Dale, Smith, & Norlin,  2009). If one spouse becomes ill or debilitated in any way, the healthy spouse may become angry, depressed, and frustrated with taking care of all of the responsibilities. If a spouse dies it can be very difficult for the living spouse to deal with (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman,  2010). Retirees who are not married also face new problems when faced with retirement. This group of people must learn to live on a fixed income. Peer relationships change because older people tend to reduce their number of contracts with the world and tend to be less active and withdraw from their social surroundings (Dale, Smith, & Norlin,  2009). This is called disengagement. This is a very difficult task, and only a few people can adjust with it smoothly. Those who were more active in social activities in their earlier lives, find it most difficult. Older people also

Older adults are at a stage in life where they have to come to terms with their “inevitable decline” (Gladding, pg. 301). Older adults may suffer from “loneliness, fear and loss” (Gladding, pg. 302). They have been facing “chronic health problems that require increased attention” (Gladding, pg. 302). Many older people have difficulty transitioning to a “retirement lifestyle and long for their professional roles” (302). Many elderly also experience “limited socialization and interpersonal activities” (Gladding, pg. 303). Depression “affects 121 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of disability” (Pépin, Guérette, Lefebvre & Jacques, pg. 117).

been taking much place in people’s lives. Physical activity is an action which requires an

The age markers are slowly changing and so is the concept of retirement. The modern aged community is unwilling to declare themselves as retired. One of the respondents made a statement that he wishes to work as long as he could do. A self declared retirement will make one detached from activities thus speeding up the ageing process. An earlier retirement will most probably make the individual feel old soon and this emotional drift will have a dramatic influence on his physical as well as mental and emotional health as well.

Social isolation can be a major health problem for many older adults (Dickens, Richards, Greaves, & Campbell, 2011). Social isolation involves, individuals lacking social connections and engagement with others (Nicholson, 2012). Depression in elderly populations has become more prevalent with the aging population (Pittock, 2012). Depression has negative effects on many facets of an elderly persons life, including quality of life and functional abilities (Ell, 2006). Depression rates in those 65+ living alone has been found to be between 1% - 4% (Mojtabai & Olfson, 2004). A recent meta-analysis found, those with strong social networks had a 50% reduction in the

Of the total population of the United States, 39 million are 65 and older. Of those 39 million older adults, about 5% reside in nursing homes, with the median age of 83.2 years (Urdaneta & Thakur, 2010). It is estimated that by the year 2030, 20% of the nation’s population will be 65 and older (Glaister & Blair, 2008). With the number of older adults rising significantly, so will the number residing in nursing homes. A significant amount of older adults will experience depression. Depression is prevalent in older adults, and those residing in nursing homes seem to be at greater risk for developing it (Urdaneta & Thakur, 2010). It is also estimated that the number of older adults experiencing depression is three to five times that of older

Depression is one of the most common mental disorder in the United States. More so, it is well recognized to be one of the most threatening mental health condition among older adults. Consequently, it leads to decline of the overall physical, mental and social state of an elderly person. According to World Health Organization (WHO, 2010), major depression carries the heaviest burden of disability among mental and behavioral disorders. In 2015, an estimated 16.1 million adults aged 18 or older in the United States had at least one major depressive episode in the past year. This number reflects that an estimated one in 15 adults (6.7%) gets affected in any given year and one in six people (16.6%) will experience depression at some time in their

Even though they grew up in different parts of the country neither one of the participants were aware of retirement when they were younger. According to Schultz, the idea of “retirement is relatively a new phenomenon, and it was not until the Industrial Revolution, the creation of Social Security, and company pension benefits were created in the first half of the 20th century that individuals were able to cease employment while they were still otherwise able to work” (Schultz, 2011, p. 170). Since retirement was still relatively a new concept for the participants they could plan their retirement according to their desires and not be forced to follow a certain prototype.

small idea that they days are final. In addition, an elderly adult may have stressors with everyday living by themselves, there are elderly adult that tend to want to live by themselves and live daily life as an adult but there can be many issues of physical attributes that are not as fluent when they were a bit younger. Another stressor within elderly adulthood, is going through many health examinations and excessive mediational intake that can be overwhelming for an elderly adult who is exhausted for the obligations. In the journal article Aging and depression: Vulnerability and stress across adulthood author Michele Karel expresses that age differences shows a significant measurement of depression across adulthood, which raises questions

An active lifestyle, positive coping skills, good social relationships, and support are some of the factors that connect to successfully aging. Older adults are more prone to disease, depression, death of a spouse and difficulty adjusting to retirement. Older adults who make appropriate adjustments and preparation for a psychologically satisfying retirement are said to be aging successfully. Older adults who show a high level of emotion regulation and successfully aging demonstrates reduced responsive to regrets. Individuals that are involved with discussing past activities and experiences with another individual have great improvement in their mood. The use of group reminiscence therapy helps an older person to have increased self-esteem,

As people age they develop many special needs related to the later period of life. Many elderly people have specific physical needs where adaptations to their home are necessary or where they need specific equipment for self care. Old age also brings new emotional challenges for the elderly person when the family can be useful in helping to meet the persons mental health needs. Senior citizens experience needs in their social life; they also experience the need for activities with other seniors. Health needs also negatively affect the elderly and cause multiple physical problems. Every elderly person experiences needs that are related to each of these areas.