The New Geography Of Jobs

As America was booming from government policies and new technology, population changes also took effect to contribute to the rise of industry. Population was steadily rising due to immigration, migration, and improved conditions of living. Millions of European and Asian immigrants came to America in search of a more promising and successful life. These immigrants created a growing work force that big industries took advantage of by using the minimally paid workers to help produce more for their companies. Along with westward migration in America, “In the post-civil war period, cities swelled in population as a twin migration of immigrants and rural Americans flocked to the glittering urban environment” (Riis 320). This urbanization solidified the transition of the nation from an agricultural economy to an industrial one. Also in the 19th century, population was at a high compared the past because of improvements in health care, a higher reproduction rate and a better standard of living. These population changes provided America with a large, growing consumer economy that allowed industry and business to thrive.

Through a multitude of significant changes physically, conceptually, economically, and more, the societal reformation of cities in the Progressive Era had set themselves as the foundations of American civilization. The juxtaposition between the rich and poor statuses in these urban areas show the drastic separation within developing cities. Through this division caused a wide variety of living conditions, the majority of which held the overcrowded sections of cities where the population mostly stayed while the higher end communities had more luxurious lives. Through this success of entrepreneurship and economic growth from all aspects in cities, the entire landscape, both physically through innovative architecture and the perspectives outside rural and suburban areas had on them, had transformed for the better in these areas.

In the first two decades of the twentieth century, the United States experienced a large increase in political, economic, and social reforms. During this time, there had been an increase in urbanization, and industrial factories within the larger cities throughout the United States, particularly in the northeastern cities. With the addition of the industries and factories too populated also came a growing number of immigrants, and seekers of wealth and employment. As a result, the population increase would result in major issues which would overshadow the economic gains that came from industrialization. In addition, the rise of industrialization also brought about major issues within the populations of the city. After seeing

From 1890 to 1920, cities in the United States experienced a rapid growth that was unprecedented in years previous. This growth was caused by a number of factors and resulted in both positive and negative consequences. Such factors included, industrialization, technological advances, migration and immigration. Although American cities greatly improved by the expeditious urbanization, these factors also developed numerous challenges including pollution, sanitation problems, a need for environmental reform, political corruption, overcrowding, high crime rates and segregation.

The modern California emerged from the progressive era and World War 1, an important economic transformation and dramatic population change were under way. New, thriving industries in oil and the making of motion pictures turned Los Angeles into a booming manufacturing city just as a new migration brought hundreds of thousands of residents to the region. The decade after World War 1 was one of rapid economic development, marked by the evolution of modern, large-scale business organizations and the pervasive influence of the automotive. The railroad era and the Progressive era has contributed the transformation of modern California in the first half of the 20th century.

Urbanization in America was driven by the massive unskilled immigrants who wanted jobs and an opportunity to start their new life in a country known to most as “The land of opportunity”. Urbanization have made many changes to America. The cities have become a place to look for opportunities and a popular place to migrate for work either for the people from the rural area or immigrants from outside the county. Which will then lead to political issues and finally the restriction of immigration itself. The process of Urbanization started in the late 1800’s triggered by the Industrial Revolution and Industrialization. Several factors played in the process one of which is the Gilded Age who had a crucial importance in relation to the shift from

He claims that the joblessness among inner-city blacks has reached catastrophic proportions and people not having jobs has nothing to do with the politics or political views that has America separated today. Not enough is being done for that working class and current levels of joblessness in some neighborhoods are unprecedented . The majority of adults had jobs in 1950. By 1990, only one in three worked in a typical work week. Many of today’s problems in the inner-city neighborhoods such as crime, family dissolution, welfare, are fundamentally a consequences of the disappearance of work. Changes in the district and the location of jobs are several factors that cause the disappearance of work. These problems make the people who live in these inner cities very unhappy claiming that the area was once a thriving. Crowds were dense at rush hour and people were arms length away from the train station, now has the appearance of an empty bombed-out war zone. Commercial strip have been reduced to a long tiunnel of charred, vacent lots littered with garbage. The only stores that seem to be thriving are bars and liquor stores. I guess to Everyone in the area seem to be going for a drink and putting the their drinking to release their pains of the past. The area is now a ghost

1. Describe the rise of the American industrial city, and place it in the context of worldwide trends of urbanization and mass migration (the European diaspora)

The beginning of the second industrialization era, sparked the migration of people from rural communities to the new for of urban society. In the United States people were attracted by the big cities due to new jobs created .For example Chicago “symbolized the growing urbanization: In 1860, the city 's population was barely 109,000; thirty years later, it swelled to 1.1 million”. (Text) With the construction of a vast railroad system moving goods,cattle and people was a lot easier than ever. After 1880 American cities boomed, power cable cars replaced the horse car, and after the invention of electricity they were replaced too with streetcars and trolleys. Subways were constructed in New York Boston and Philadelphia, in order to prevent traffic jams. People with similar racial or ethnic backgrounds clustered together in the center of the cities. Suburbs were incorporated and formed large metropolis. Railroads companies built terminals gas and electricity were a new source of power for the city dwellers. By the 1920’s “Electricity drove technology in 1920s America, and technology helped drive prosperity. By 1928, two-thirds of the families in towns and cities had electricity in their homes, stimulating a huge demand for new appliances such as irons, vacuum cleaners, and the era 's great economic engine: radio.” (Text) Immigration was another big challenge for the big cities. The one way ticket immigration began, immigrants were defined as males , in search of a good life in a

According to Enrico Moretti 's ground breaking book, “The New Geography of Jobs,” manufacturing sector companies have been superseded in the knowledge economy by innovation sector companies. While they were once the holy grail of community planners, manufacturing sector companies are no longer the ideal economic model.

People always wonder why the City of Angels is different from other cities. This paper will answer this question and explain the uniqueness that makes L.A., “L.A.” Los Angeles, since its birth as an embryonic city, has become one of the most diverse metropolises, offering to the public what no other city can. This paper will emphasize the relationship between the federal government and the western United States. It will also illustrate how capitalism has flourished because of the prevalent 19th century Laissez Faire ideology. It will describe how the free market prevailed and expanded Los Angeles outward, while cultivating new public institutions and private enterprises.

“As the growth of industrial development increased so did the accumulation of massive industries and corporations”. This had changed The United States of America into being urbanized instead of being a rural area. Then many businessmen like Andrew Carnegie, John D Rockefeller, and Cornelius Vanderbilt had big industrial tycoons which had a massive benefit for them and for their society because they had an increase in mass production which ultimately changed the face of the United States of America from being a rural society into being an urban society.

This tool indicates the extent of specialization in an economy relative to another economy, in this case, the Miami economy is considered relative to US economy. The quotients are computed for given economic aggregate such as employment to indicate the relative position of the economy in the area to the benchmark economy. The location quotient of 1.0 of the employment for any industry shows that both benchmark and subject economy report similar percentage of the total employment and they are regarded equally specialized in that specific industry. A quotient of greater than 1.0 is used to describe greater specialization in that specific industry for the economy under consideration in the benchmark economy. And a less than 1.0 locational quotient mean that the subject economy is not as socialized compared to the benchmark economy in a specific industry (Council, 2012).

1. As income levels change from area to area or through time, there is also a systematic change that takes place. This change takes place in the importance of higher- and lower-order centers. At higher income levels, more shopping and specialty goods are demanded, and people are willing to travel farther to obtain the goods they desire. Income, scale, and accessibility changes are all responsible for the progressive centralization of functions in the higher-level centers in the United States and the progressive decline of the smaller cities. In conclusion when people have more

Of the three systems of stratification- economic, social and political- this paper focuses on Peterson’s discussion on improving a city’s economic state. They improve their economic standing by improving their market position, their attractiveness as a locale for economic activity. In a western society, a better economy is one that can more efficiently produce and distribute desired commodities relative to other localities. In increasing the amount they welfare of their export industry, they increase the welfare of their overall city. This is done because exporting to other localities will increase the amount of incoming cash flow, which will intern provide resources for them to export even more. Boeings Aircraft market and its impact on the economy in Seattle is on of many examples of how production and export can have a direct impact on the state of a city’s economy. When a city is able to export its products and services, labor is in greater demand, wages increase, promotional opportunities rise and tax revenues increase. This increase in tax means city services can be improved, donations to charitable organizations become more generous and the social and cultural life of the city enhanced.