The Occurrence Of Cardiovascular Disease Essay

2.7 Monitoring physiological measurements it´s important to make sure the individual health status and also necessary after surgery, as patients in intensive care units require continuous monitoring, and sometimes have medications that requires physical measurements taken. These are measurements we take to ensure that they are functioning in the way they are supposed to. When we carry out physiological measurements, such as measuring temperature, pulse and respiration, we are monitoring for signs of abnormality. Then be able to draw conclusions about the health status of the individual and any treatments they may

Capingana, D. P., Magalhaes, P., Silca, A. T., Goncalves, M. A., Baldo, M. P., Rodrigues, S. L. (2013). Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic level among public-sector workers in Angola. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1-9. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-732

You need to explain to him the s/s of blood clotting (since he may have too low an INR d/t treatment and he needs to know this). Explain that his a-fib puts him at risk for blood clots.

Although the term cardiovascular disease refers to a disorder of the cardiovascular system, it is usually associated with atherosclerosis, also known as arterial disease. It is considered the leading cause of deaths in the world, taking 17.1 million lives a year. There are only a few factors that are non-modifiable, these being the persons age, gender, family history and their race and ethnicity. Although there are non-modifiable risk factors, there are multiple multiple risk factors that are modifiable that anyone can use to prevent getting any type of cardiovascular disease. These people just need to have the motivation to be able to change themselves and their lifestyles in order to better

Coronary Artery Disease, also known as CAD, is the most common form of heart disease. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Coronary Artery Disease obstructs the blood flow in vessels that provides blood to the heart which is caused by the buildup of plaque on the artery walls. (Rogers, 2011, p.87) (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Plaque is a yellow substance that consists of fat substances, like cholesterol, and narrows or clogs the arteries which prevents blood flow. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Plaque can build up in any artery but usually favors large and medium sized arteries. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009)

It is important that a patient with CHF be monitored for signs of distress. Vital signs like high blood pressure, rapid pulse, irregular respirations and fluid intake/output should be monitored. All of these vitals will already have expected irregularities, which lead to initial diagnosis. After care is started, the vitals should be monitored for additional changes.  In the event of an emergency such as inability to breathe, a nursing assistant should call an ambulance right away and begin life-supporting measures such as CPR (Carter, 2012).

The pulse is an indication of an individual’s heart rate. When checking for a pulse in the primary survey, begin with palpating the patient’s radial or carotid artery (Basic Patient Care 2012, p. 50). This may reveal a normal (60-100 beats/min), tachycardia (<100 beats/min), bradycardia (> 60 beats/min) or asystole heart rate. Additionally, the capillary refill may also provide details about a patient’s cardiovascular status. This is performed by applying pressure to the nail bed and calculating the time it to takes to refill to a normal color, which should take no more then a few seconds otherwise suggesting capillary closure (Mick J Sanders, 2012, p. 1400). An additional accessory to Circulation is Hemorrhages, these involve more through examinations of the pulse, blood pressure and warmth of peripheries of patients. Additionally, you must thoroughly look for indication of bleeding, specifically in the areas around the chest, abdomen and externally seen by the eye.

Vital signs are a fundamental component of nursing care and indicate the body’s ability to maintain blood flow, regulate temperature and regulate oxygenate the body tissue. Taking vital signs are essential in revealing any sudden changes in the body, which could potentially indicate clinical deterioration of the patient.

If there is no obvious or known cause, a non-invasive cardiac test, echocardiography, ambulatory monitoring, stress test, and tilt-table test are necessary. If the fainting is triggered by a certain position or movement like stretching or valsalva, it would be very helpful to do that specific maneuver to trigger the symptoms while being monitored by a doctor (Hain). Valsalva is a forceful exhalation, like one might do if their ears are plugged. While performing a tilt-table test, the doctor will record the patient’s blood pressure at a 70 degree tilt using a motorized bed. The results are considered abnormal if there is a neurally mediated response like a sudden onset of hypotension (very low blood pressure), bradycardia (very slow heartbeat), or both when the patient is kept in the upright position which is the most common abnormality. The doctor will also monitor if there is positional orthostatic tachycardia or dysautonomia, which is a gradual decrease in blood pressure with little or no change in heart rate while moving from a lying down position to an upright position.. The tilt-table’s main purpose is to confirm autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic function is the term used to describe the processes in our body that we do not control ourselves, like blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion. Another test called ventilation-perfusion scanning is used for suspicions of pulmonary embolism, which is a large blood clot blocking blood flow to organs. The last experiment doctors may use is called Holter monitoring. This requires that a small device that records every single heartbeat is to be worn for 24 hours along with a written log of any symptom.There are many variations of Holter monitoring which extends the time and strictness

Vital signs are measurements of the body’s most basic functions. They are very useful in detecting and monitoring medical problems. There are five main types of vital signs which are temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. They can be measured in a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere.

One source of great mortality and morbidity in Europe and North America is the cardiovascular disease, Atherosclerosis. It is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the intermediate and large arteries characterized by the thickening of the arterial wall and is the primary cause of coronary and cerebrovascular heart disease (Wilson, 2005). It accounts for 4.35 million deaths in Europe and 35% death in the UK each year. Mortality rate are generally higher in men than pre-menopausal woman. Past the menopause, a woman’s risk is similar to a man’s (George and Johnston, 2010). Clinical trials have confirmed that lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, cell proliferation, inflammation matrix alteration and foam cell formation are

Vital signs are great indicators to show any abnormalities of a patients health. A nurse assessing older adult patients need to think about the variations that come with aging; such as bones becoming more rigid, skin to become more like paper and are more suitable for tears; and their hearts may not be able to pump blood as efferent as before (Jensen, 2015). Many challenges can arise when trying to obtain an older adults’ vital signs such, as palpating a pulse and taking temperatures; nurses have to be able to find ways to get around these challenges, and get accurate results.

The patient's ankles also need to be exposed at this point. In addition it is suggested that Nurses need also to remember to keep the patient's lower half covered as much as possible and treat the patient with the utmost respect at all times (Dougherty and Mallet, 2000).

Vital signs are the observation of the body’s vital functions and show an evidence of the person’s health

As we watch how an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) responds to a situation, they immediately begin checking specific things; heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, etc. They know that specific items “trump” other issues. The training around checking vitals helps the EMT make decisions about how to treat the patient.