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The Odyssey And Beowulf 's Morality

Decent Essays

Stories have always been a means of imparting the wisdom and knowledge of a society to young and old alike. Works like The Odyssey and Beowulf contain as much moralizing as children’s tales from Aesop’s Fables, the only difference being that The Odyssey and Beowulf’s morals are revealed in subtler ways. With the advent of the novel, many used the new genre as a way to moralize to women through novels such as Moll Flanders or comment on society such as A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court. Yet, Henry James in his essay, “The Art of Fiction” seeks to dispel the notion that novels must moralize by offering a new, better purpose for the novel and allowing novelists artistic license in how they create their stories. However, though his ideas may have been fresh at the time, not all of them have held up over time. Though he sought to separate morality from the novel, the two still work together to create memorable, lasting fiction. Henry James had a threefold purpose in writing “The Art of Fiction.” He sought to respond to Walter Besant’s lecture wherein the novelist asserted that there were hard and fast laws which governed fiction, to defend the novel as a significant artistic genre, and to advise aspiring novelists (Richter, 434-435). In his final paragraphs, he addresses what he found most interesting about Besant’s lecture: the “conscious moral purpose” of the novel (Richter, 446). The morality of a novel “is a question surrounded with difficulties,” James says

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