The Ongoing Battle with Making the World Malaria Free Essay

The WHO Global Malaria Programme is responsible for evidence-based policy and strategy formulation, technical assistance, capacity building, malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation, and coordination of global efforts to fight malaria. WHO is also a co-founder and hosts the Roll Back Malaria partnership, which is the global framework to implement coordinated action against malaria (The World Health Organization Staff, 2010). The CDC participates actively in global malaria efforts through work with the WHO, Roll Back Malaria Partners, UNICEF, and more in the fight to keep the epidemic at bay (Global Health - Division of Parasitic Diseases , 2010).

Brian, G, Y., Greenwood, D, A., Fidock, Dennis, E, K., Stefan, H, I. Kappe, P., Alonso, L., Frank, H and Collins, P (2008) “Malaria progress and prospects for eradication.” Journal Clinical Investiment. 118: 1266-1276.

Background - Malaria is a water borne disease. It is spread by a parasite-carrying mosquito. It kills many people and reduces a country 's capacity to develop. There are different strategies to combat malaria. Around half the population is at risk of malaria and this disease is active in 106 counties across Africa, Asian and the Americas (see source 3). the global annual mortality from malaria is between 1.5 - 3 million deaths, or between 4000 and 8000 each day. Developing countries are most vulnerable to Malaria and as shown on source 2 Malaria has been spread across many various other countries including in Europe, but these countries have eradicated Malaria.

There have been many attempts at preventing malaria, none of which have been very successful. These have usually involved protecting human beings from mosquitoes, the dreaded carriers

Ninety percent of all malaria deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa, which is the location and region of where this issue affects. In a concentrated effort to treat malaria since 2000, 700 million cases have been stopped in Africa, bringing the number of cases down by almost fifty percent. This pleasant news is the result of human interaction. Since the introduction of bed nets, malaria death rates have dropped by sixty percent, saving six million lives. All this progress has to be credited to the scientists who got notified by their respective countries when deaths constantly occur in a certain area through communication. Shortly after getting notified, the researchers travel to sub-Saharan Africa, which requires movement, to analyze the situation

Malaria is considered one of the most serious and life-threatening public health problems in the world. According to World Health Organization, more than 3 billion people live in areas classified as being at risk from malaria, with nearly 200 million cases.1 Approximately, 750,000 deaths occur every year, primarily among children, due to malaria and its complications.1 Children less than 5 years of age are more vulnerable to be affected by malaria.2 In 2015, about 438,000 malaria deaths were reported, of which estimated 69% were children under 5 years of age.2

Malaria can be treated using both vaccines and other prescription drugs. In developed countries this has effectively negated Malaria as a public health threat. For instance, in the United States there are only 1500 cases of malaria per year, all of which are linked to travel to tropical regions in Africa and South America. Unfortunately, less developed regions do not have the proper infrastructure to produce, store or distribute these drugs. Third-world efforts are focused on prevention rather than treatment. The majority of Malaria funding is allocated to two different prevention concepts, Insecticide Treated Nets (ITN’s) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). Nets are made of finely woven fabrics which provide a physical barrier between infected mosquitoes and humans. Mosquitoes which land on the nets absorb insecticide which kills them. Nets can be costly, and have a high rate of misuse, as many villagers use them to fish. The alternative to ITN’s is the practice of Indoor Residual Spraying of insecticides. This is very effective in sprayed areas, but is stationary and poisonous to the

Malaria claims more lives than any other communicable disease except tuberculosis. Over 200 million cases worldwide are reported each year. According to the World Health Organization Research, Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the parasite plasmodium (WHO, 2011). It is a life-threatening disease transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Unfortunately, an estimated death toll of 1 million African children is reported. Thus this paper will aim to further define this condition while describing clinical manifestations and preventive

Insecticide-treated nets have been experimented in Africa and have proved to be successful in completely cutting the threat of malaria within Africa by 50% (NFL 3). The fact that even a single percept is dropping in the threat of malaria is reason enough to allow such an innovation to be implemented against the disease in Africa. However, to implement insecticide-treated nets, it is also important to ensure that such nets are distributed without corruption or biased opinions within the region (Jr. 13). Once this method is applied, no matter how costly it may prove to be, it is sure to cure the repeated and drastic problem of

According to the health and environment, Malaria is a universal contagious disease and also a tremendous social complication all around the world, especially in South Asia, and Africa. Approximately, 3 billion of the community are in danger of infection in 109 regions. Every year, there is a prediction of 250 million compacts of miasm prominent to 1 million annihilations, particularly adolescents under 5 years old. The structure that causes the greatest unhealthy form of paludism is a imperceptible parasite that is known as the “Plasmodium falciparum”.

Malaria is killer number one in Africa (IRIN, 2012). In Kenya, it is the leading cause of indisposition and it kills almost 34,000 children less than 5 years annually (USAID, 2012). Even though

Malaria’s age speaks of an adaptability to it, when comparing a sample from ancient China to one today there are huge differences to be seen. This indicates that Malaria has a large past that there is very little known about. Possibly the answer to the ideal treatment lives in its past. By looking at the past it is possible to see how to form the future.

Malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans, is a global burden which is commonly seen in sub-Saharan Africa and South- East Asian regions. It affects people living in the malaria-prone areas and lower socio-economic statuses. However, children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to malarial illness and its complications. In 2015, an estimated rate of 438,000 mortality rates was reported due to malaria.3 Thus, the recent rise in malarial disease is a global concern that needs to be addressed. More effective vector control methods and increase availability of anti-malarial drugs for malaria- prone regions must be implemented.

“I remember it like it was yesterday; the high fever, the unbearable aches, the chills and the constant vomiting. I had it three times myself and so did my cousins. If my aunt was not a nurse, we probably would not be having this conversation right now.” said my good friend Virgile while describing his experience with Malaria. Virgile is from the Ivory Coast, where he lived the majority of his life before immigrating to the United States with his family. When I asked to speak to him to gain some insight on Malaria and its effect on the people of that region of West Africa, he was more than willing to help. He described his time in the Ivory Coast as a happy childhood. He remembers vividly the experiences that really make his place of birth home and was excited to share them with me. I wanted to understand the role that the country’s geographical location and cultural experiences played in the spread of Malaria. I had no idea that my friend had many firsthand encounters with the disease or that his aunt was a nurse who had treated thousands of patients with the disease. Malaria, locally called palu, is one of the greatest health priorities in the Ivory Coast because of its incidence and related morbidity and mortality. Although it affects people of all ages and sexes, the most at risk are children under 5 and pregnant women. Malaria is considered the number one killer amid children in Ivory Coast (ICMRT, n.d.). The cause of the illness is the bites from the female

About 3.3 billion people, that is about half of the world’s population are at risk of contracting malaria (figure 1). Every year there are 250 million cases of malaria, and nearly 1 million deaths. That amounts to 2,732 deaths per day. Out of those million people that die every year, 800,000 of them are African children under the age of 5. To control malaria three actions need to be taken: insecticides need to be used to decrease the vector population, people have to be educated as to how to prevent the vector from reproducing, and anti-malarial drugs need to be distributed. To understand the vector and what the vector is, scientists had to first discover what the parasite was and how it worked. It was not until the year 1880 that French Physician Charles Laveran discovered that Malaria was caused by a protozoan in the genus Plasmodium (Malaria, 2013)