Participants Participants were college students from various locations and universities recruited via an online invitation to participate in the study. The study was advertised on Facebook and was posted to numerous groups and pages pertaining to college students. 9 participants were male and 15 participants were female. 0 participants were in their first year of college, 5 participants were in their second year of college, 10 participants were in their third year of college, 5 participants were in their fourth year of college, and 3 participants were in their fifth year or more of college. Participants were predominately Liberal Arts students. Participants were predominately from Austin, TX.
Materials
The online survey generator Qualtrics was utilized to design and distribute the survey. The survey contained several demographic questions including gender, area of study, year of college, and age. An adapted short term version based off of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983) was developed to measure short term perceived stress. The adapted version of the PSS used can be found in Appendix C. The Gratitude Adjectives Checklist (GAC) (Mccullough, Emmons, & Tsang, 2002) was used to measure state gratitude. The GAC can be found in Appendix D.
Gratitude was operationalized by informing participants they would be assigned to one of two conditions where one condition was less desirable than the other and giving the participants the more
Participants in this study were online graduate male and female students at Southern New Hampshire University (N= 20; 10 women and 10 men) ranging in ages of 30 or younger.
Barbara Millis of the United States Air Force Academy reviewed Richard Light’s Making the Most of College: Students Speak Their Minds. She explained that in recent years, many copies of “Harvard Assessment Seminars I and II” had been issued to professors to develop college student’s education further. As well as these books, Light’s book had also been used to broaden the system. Millis further stated that Light’s book involved lengthy interviews that apprehended student’s college lifestyles. The evidence among the interviews were used to collect various data.
Problem: Professors with limited resources usually find it difficult to obtain adequate samples of the general adult population for their research. Instead, many study samples of college students, who are readily available, even though there is no reason to believe that samples of college students are representative of the national population of adults. (Of course, often professors are interested in the behavior of college students only, in which case, using college students is not a problem.)
First in my process, I selected I need to figure out my audience demographics. Our school has a business school, a cosmetology school, a culinary school, and a medical school. With that said, I believe my audience to be those who want to attend college. More specifically, male and female high school seniors, non-working and working married and single men and women. These men and are also do not have a lot of money and want to finish in a faster period of time than the norm. They want to be able to graduate and get a job as soon as possible and waste no time.
The target population for this study were forty White people from Colorado State University. The use of only white people was because they wanted to reflect the ethnic diversity of Colorado State University. In the year 2013-2014, Colorado State University undergraduates had 22,565 students and 74.36% considered them as white and 2.09% considered them as Black. In the second experiment, fifty-nine participants from Colorado State University participated in this experiment that had course credit in Introductory Psychology. This was a non-probability sample because this does not give all the individuals in the population equal chances of being selected. They only used one college and this college was not as diverse.
A total of 74 students participated in our study. All of the students attended Lasell College, their ages range from 18-25, male and female. The study took no longer than 10 minutes.
Beginning with a convenience sampling approach aided us to get a reasonable number of participants over a short period of time. We hoped that starting with convenience sampling would lead to a somewhat snowball-sampling effect. All surveys in, this yielded 156 participants, 131 of who were females, 26 who were males, and 2 participants who selected both genders. One participant stated their gender as “other”, and filled in the space left to specify as “Apache Helicopter”. This participant’s answers were discarded. Approximately 60% of the participants described themselves as post-secondary students, and they ranged over several fields of study. Students everywhere from business to musical theatre programs participated, leading to a wide range of results. We found this helpful as it gave different perspectives from different majors, and we were able to analyze how certain faculties view each
To take a step forward into increasing general well-being the very idea of cultivating and practicing gratitude can lead to a person reacting to the benevolent deeds from others more receptively and reciprocating kindness in more opportunities (Emmons, Mishra, 2011). The benefits from gratitude can motivate moral behaviour, the motivation for prosocial behaviour is reflective on the gratitude received from the recipient. The kindness received from the gratitude can affect future actions on the recipient, when kindness is passed down from person to person the positive consequences serves as a dynamic link to, the more gratitude you receive, the more you are benevolent to others (Emmons, Mishra,
Knowledge is power and a college campus is the gathering place for those who understand this rule. Properly collecting large amounts of data in the form of opinions and thoughts of those who go to a college is important to evoke conversations and provide answers to various topics. The following literature review will take a look at four surveys that were taken place on college campuses to see how proper survey creation and distribution is needed to collect quality data.
The association between gratitude and well-being can be explained by different mechanisms including schematic hypothesis, coping hypothesis, and broaden-and-build hypothesis (Wood, Froh, & Geraghty, 2010). As schematic hypothesis states, gratitude is a moral emotion that an individual experience when receiving helps that is viewed as valuable, costly to benefactor, and genuinely intended. To explain, grateful people have specific schemas that bias them to perceive help as more beneficial and feel more gratitude following help (Wool et al., 2010). Coping hypothesis indicates that grateful people are more likely to use positive coping strategies and social supports as well as experiencing less stress. Therefore, gratitude is indirectly associate
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the effect of grade classification and school of college grade classification and the amount of hours that Undergraduate Students at UT are currently enrolled in. The explanatory variables consisted of the grade classification and the amount of hours taken for this semester (Fall 2017). The response variable was the number of hours spent studying per week. Upperclassmen were thought to have studied more per week than Lowerclassmen since upper division courses tend to be more difficult that introduction classes. Additionally, students in the College of Natural Science were predicted to study the most per week, followed by the Business students, and then the Others.
Qualitative Research is research that addresses marketing objectives through techniques that allow the researcher to provide interpretations of markets likes and dislikes, without depending on numerical measurement; its focus is on discovering deeper meanings to gain new insights. The difference between qualitative and quantitative is that qualitative requires less interpretation because in qualitative you just observe the information as it happens. Quantitative gives more hard data and is quite appropriate when the research objective involves a managerial action standard. Quantitative researchers use scales that directly or indirectly provide numerical values and these numerical values can be used in statistical computations and hypothesis
Participants will be voluntary and brought in with the incentive of receiving a gift card at the end of the study. There will be 150 participants; 75 males and 75 females, all under 21. The large number of participants reduces the amount of variability and gives a more accurate portrayal of underage college students. A survey will be given to
Students did not say they felt “elevated” during their family trips, but they shared memorable moments of happiness, benevolence, and gratification. Algoe and Haidit introduced traditional and recent empirical research on the effects and benefits of gratitude, which provides commentary on the students’ memories with their families. “Recent evidence suggests that gratitude often serves a broader social function, namely, promoting relationships with responsive ones,” (p. 3). “We recently demonstrated that the two most robust predictors of gratitude were the perception that the benefactor was being responsive to the needs and wishes of the recipient (i.e. thoughtful), and liking the benefit,” (3). Again, this goes back to being mindful and practicing mindfulness. Positive psychology focus on positive emotions that included a wide
Gratitude has become defined as deeply appreciative attitude for kindnesses or benefits acquired. Several parts of gratitude have been identified. First, a person experiences a warm sense of appreciation toward an individual who performs a generous or desired kind act. Second, appreciation and kindness are expressed toward the person who completed the desired act. Finally, the person to whom appreciation is expressed, sensing the goodwill, is inclined to act positively and/or appreciatively toward the individual expressing gratitude. Gratitude is often interactive and also seems to have the capacity to enhance the sense of well-being and goodwill among individuals and groups throughout an institution. Grateful individuals show higher