The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Social Behaviors

prefrontal cortex is the most anterior region of the frontal lobe. It occupies one-third of the cerebral cortex and is key for executive functions such as problem solving, working memory, and emotional control. It is also crucial in decision making and the expression of personality. The prefrontal cortex is imperative for efficient cognitive functioning; damage can result in severe impairment to skills such as emotional regulation, moral behavior, and empathy. In addition, the prefrontal cortex is a sub-region

Over the past few centuries, people have seen an extreme transition from letters and telegrams to cell phones and flat-screen TVs. These advancements have allowed people to connect, communicate more efficiently, and access a wide range of information that previous generations would not have dreamed of viewing. By the end of the next decade, the world’s technological abilities are expected to be one thousand times higher than current capabilities, and this surge indicates that technology will become

Aggression has been linked to multiple brain structures that are responsible for emotional and behavioral control. Regions of the brain that are clearly related to aggression include the brainstem, prefrontal cortex (PFC), limbic system, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and the hippocampus (Lundwall et al., 2017). It has also been found that brain volume and especially the volume of the brainstem is correlated to aggression (Lundwall et al., 2015). Through neuroimaging

the lobe. Which are the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, and premotor cortex. The prefrontal cortex is located within the frontal lobe, but it takes up the majority of the lobe. The function of the prefrontal cortex is the crucial performance, and skill it provides within the brain which requires intelligence. The brain is located in many different subjects, such as a human, mammal, and animal. When discussing the prefrontal cortex, it’s known to many that it’s larger

the condition of the prefrontal cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex and an individual’s tendency for displaying certain dispositions. The accounts of Gage before the injury to those post injury seem to support a strong correlation between the state of the brain and personality traits. Behavioral changes and analysis of the entry and exit wounds described in this case suggest Gage suffered significant damage to his frontal lobes, including the orbitofrontal cortex. Although many of Gage’s higher functions

heterogeneous disorders that share the characteristics of social and communicative deficits, highly focused and restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The estimated prevalence of the disorder in 2014 was 1 in 45 (2.24%) children and adolescents age 3 to 17 (Zablotsky et al., 2015). Behavioral symptoms typically become evident in the first 2 years of life and involve abnormalities in language development, social attention, and emotional reactivity (Landa & Garret-Mayer

style, and working model. The ABS was said to be “concerned with the proximity of the primary attachment figure when there was a threat of separation: if the attachment figure was not nearby or nonresponsive the child would have displayed anxious behaviors until they returned” (Blakely & Diadosz, 2015, p. 284). The second aspect of the theory was said to be the attachment style, which

lower gray matter volume in regular cannabis users compared with occasional ones are located bilaterally in the temporal pole. Regular users exhibit a decrease in gray matter (GM) volume in the medial temporal cortex, temporal pole, parahippocampal gyrus, left insula, and orbitofrontal cortex (Battistella et al). It has been demonstrated that the main psychoactive component of cannabis (Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol,THC) induces dose-dependent toxicity and structural changes in brain regions rich in cannabinoid

psychopathy: Implications for punishment, prediction, and treatment in youth and adults provides us with the very new research that has been conducted on both adult psychopaths, and juveniles that display callous unemotional traits (CU) and have disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) (Umbach et al., 2015). Research done has not given conclusive results that fits for each and every psychopath, but an area of commonality is the amygdala. “In addition to their finding of significant bilateral volume reductions in

tolerate physical punishment. Abuse is more prominent in poverty stricken areas due to parents having a higher stress level associated with inadequate income. Other reasons for maltreatment can be due to young children that cannot regulate their behavior. Some countries have made physical punishment illegal not only out of the home but in the home. Stepchildren are susceptible to maltreatment as most stepparents are less invested in their stepchildren. Maltreatment can lead to children having poor