The Original International Personality Item Pool

There are many different definitions of what emotional intelligence is and exactly which components should be included to comprise it. The most basic model of emotional intelligence is the "four branch model" described by John Mayer and Peter Salovey in 1997. The key concepts included in the four branch model are: "emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional meanings, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote both better emotion and thought (Mayer & Salovey, 1997).” The scientific definition of emotional intelligence, according to John Mayer, Peter Caruso and Peter Salovey is that "emotional intelligence refers to an ability to recognize the meanings of emotion and their relationships, and to reason and problem-solve on the basis of them. Emotional intelligence is involved in the capacity to perceive emotions, assimilate emotion-related feelings, understand the information of those emotions, and manage them (Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 2000)."

Personality theories, or models, are metaphors for describing something which is intrinsically indescribable, the human personality. Currently, one of the most popular approaches among psychologists for studying personality theory is the Five-Factor Model (FFM) or Big Five dimensions of personality. This essay will explore the 'Big Five ' personality constructs and seek to explain how useful they are to understanding how people are likely to perform in a work situation. In conclusion, this essay will also discuss some of the arguments against the relevance and accuracy of personality testing within the employment context.

Emotional intelligence is the ability of a person to recognize and assess their, and others’ emotions. It enables an individual to distinguish between the different sentiments they exhibit and being able to label them. The theory of Emotional Intelligence (EI) was originally developed by psychologists Howard Gardner, Peter Salovey and John Mayer. Later, a science journalist, Daniel Goleman identified and came up with five domains of emotional intelligence:

Two psychologists, John Mayer and Peter Salovey, first introduced the concept of “emotional intelligence”, or EI, in a journal article in 1990 (Goleman, 2005). It was then popularized in 1995, with the book Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ by Daniel Goleman. Goleman posited that EI is as important, if not more important, than IQ in terms of success in academics, business, and interpersonal relationships (2005).

What is emotional intelligence? EI is the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically; thus, compared to Daniel Goleman's definition to emotional intelligence are very similar just in more detail.

Emotional intelligence (EQ) is the ability to manage emotions of yourself or others. It is very useful in any situations and having a lot of it is very good but there is a dark side. That is because EQ is like a double-edged sword. For instance, a person is crying and someone comes over and helps. The person that came is able to recognize and determine what to do. Furthermore, during an interview with Dan Goleman, “Godfather of Emotional Intelligence”, there was a highschool reunion and out of the group the most successful man wasn’t the smartest but the best one that

Managing human emotions plays a critical role in everyday functioning. After years of lively debate on the significance and validity of its construct, emotional intelligence (EI) has generated a robust body of theories, research studies, and measures (Stough, Saklofske, & Parker). There has been work and many ideas by Jack Mayer, Peter Salovey, David Caruso, Daniel Goleman, and Steve Hein to name a few. All researchers have different interpretations of the term emotional intelligence and different visions of what emotional intelligence can mean for humanity (Hein, 2005). In 1985 Wayne Leon Payne, then a graduate student at an alternative liberal arts college in the USA, wrote a doctoral dissertation which included the term “emotional intelligence” in the title. This seems to be the first academic use of the term “emotional intelligence.” In the next five years no one else seems to have used the term “emotional intelligence” in any academic paper. Then in 1990 the work of two American university professors, John Mayer and Peter Salovey, was published in two academic journal articles. Mayer and Salovey were trying to develop a way of scientifically measuring the difference between people’s ability in the area of emotions. They found that some people were better than others at things like identifying their own feelings, identifying the feelings of others, and solving problems involving emotional issues. Since 1990 these professors

Emotional intelligence; also referred to as EI or EQ, is defined as, “a skill in perceiving, understanding, and managing emotions and feelings” (n.d.). The way I express myself, interact with others, demonstrate emotions and deal with stress on a consistent basis may lead to a high EQ, or low EQ, depending on my actions. I was able to take a self-assessment on the McGraw-Hill/Irwin website that provided a score for my emotional intelligence with specific areas of strengths and weaknesses included. Overall, I scored 87 out of 100 possible points, which ranks my score considerably high. Based on my results, I faired well in regards to understanding and managing my emotions in all areas of my life. Understanding emotional intelligence, and achieving a high score in similar assessments, may lead to rewarding results in many facets of life’s daily tasks and interactions. A person, who has developed a high emotional intelligence, will keep their emotions under control, strengthen relationships with those around them, and know their limitations.

Emotional intelligence was described formally by (Salovey & Mayer). They defined it as ‘the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions’. They also provided an initial empirical demonstration of how an aspect of emotional

Personality. Participants completed the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI; Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swann, 2003), which contains 2 items for each of the Big Five personality constructs of Extraversion (M ¼ 4.14, SD ¼ 1.60), Openness (M ¼ 5.20, SD¼1.10), Conscientiousness (M¼5.34, SD¼1.22), Neuroticism (M ¼ 3.27, SD ¼ 1.47), and Agreeableness (M ¼ 5.30, SD ¼ 1.10). Items were answered on a scale ranging from 1 (disagree strongly) to 7 (agree strongly). As reported in Gosling, Rentfrow, and Swann (2003), the scale is

Emotional Intelligence is defined as a ‘type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one’s own and other’s emotions, to discriminate among them and to use the information to guide one’s thinking and actions’ (Salovey and Mayer, 1990: 189). According to Goleman (2001), ‘emotional intelligence comprises of 4 key components which are, Self

Self-awareness is important in the development of a leader, because by realizing your faults and the preventing yourself from falling into the traps. A few tools used to help make people those more self-aware of their leadership skills are the IPIP test and 360 degree feedback. Research shows by understanding and examining your personality predicts leadership to a certain degree.

To some persons, emotional intelligence is defined as study which looks for human cognitive abilities beyond traditional academic intelligence, (Zeidner et al., 2004). Researchers have categorized their definition based on the either an ability model or mixed model. Based on the Mandell and Phewanti (2003)’s ability model, “emotional intelligence is defined as a set of abilities that involves perceiving and reasoning abstractly with information that emerges from feelings” (p. 389). Studies of John D. Mayer and Peter Salovey (1997) have supported this model stating that emotional intelligence is defined as “the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth” (p. 35). In addition, Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2004) gave the definition of the emotional intelligence as “the capacity to

The parameters for assessing one’s own emotional intelligence are mainly pegged on the ability to accurately interpret other people’s emotions and being able to design suitable responses. More importantly, emotional intelligence hinges on our ability to read

When considering the practical difficulties of administering a long questionnaire to participants in a research study, it may be advantageous to consider utilizing a shorter version of the 50-item PIP. Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, and Lucas (2006) developed the Mini-IPIP, which is comprised of 20 items (p. 192). While some constraints of a study, such as the willingness of participants to answer questions in full, will never be completely eliminated, the Mini-IPIP was found to be an internally consistent measure of the Big Five factors (Donnellan, et al., 2006, p. 201). Thus, researchers in search of an abbreviated measurement of these personality factors should take advantage of the Mini-IPIP, “a very useful, efficient, and ultimately economical instrument given that it is in the public domain” (Donnellan et al, 2006, p. 201).