The Ottoman Empire Of Islam

As a single dynasty, the Ottoman Empire (1299-1923) had control of most of the Middle East and parts of Europe for over six centuries. Through their tenure they had great cultural and intellectual achievements; however, many historians focused more on the diverse social history of the Ottomans, which perhaps was more intriguing topic given the functionality of the interatrial and multi religious demographic society within the Ottoman borders. Perhaps the other challenge of identifying cultural and intellectual achievements is that much of the of the Ottomans achievements are categorized as part of the Islamic culture, which encompasses most of the Islamic nations and not just the Ottoman Turks.

The Ottoman Turks emerged on the periphery of the Byzantine Empire and the Saljuk Turks. Under a Turkish Muslim warrior named Osman, raids were conducted in western Anatolia on Byzantine settlements and a vast number of Turks were united under his banner. Those Turks who flocked to Osman's banner and followed him into the history books came to be called the Ottomans. The word Ottoman, fits these Turks well as it roughly translates from Turkish as "those associated with Oman."

The Ottoman Empire started in 1301 and ended in 1922. That empire was one of the largest and longest empires in history (“Ottoman Empire”). When the Ottoman Empire came to be, it succeeded the Byzantine Empire and was

In 1265, Thebasion, a sophisticated tribe from within the Byzantine Empire, collapsed under Osman I’s reign. This was the first city of many to fall under the Ottoman rule. Soon after, Yenisehir, a city of high importance in the Byzantine Empire, collapsed during the late 1310’s, and soon after, Bursa and Iznik fell, the largest Byzantine cities in Anatolia. Soon after the capture of Bursa, Osman I died.

Most decisions and obligations made in our lives are heavily impacted by the concepts in which we believe. The intricacies of human beliefs and religions often affect how we choose to live. They act as catalysts that predispose us to making moral or immoral decisions. Many examples that support this statement can be found in the Muslim Empire. The term Muslim translates to "one who submits to Allah," the supreme god of Islam. To maintain a pure relationship with Allah as well as a spiritual balance within themselves, people of the early Muslim empires were rather hesitant in following Islamic law. The beliefs and practices of Islam strictly determined how the Muslims were to behave. Islam was the source in which the inhabitants of the early Muslim Empire referred to in making decisions pertaining to social, economic and political matters. The practices within the religion heavily influenced the nature of early Muslim citizens, dedicated members of the military, and non-Muslims.

The Ottoman Empire, or Ottoman Turkish, was one of the longest in history, having gone through the whole modern era and only come to an end with the end of World War I in 1918. The event that is commonly taken by historians as the inaugurator of the Modern age is the fall of Constantinople, the center of the Byzantine Empire, and was triggered by the Turkish-Ottoman. Also, you certainly heard about the Arabs, the Muslim religion and Islam. Certainly we have also had contact with some of the achievements of the Arabs, as the Arabic numerals, the number zero or even a compass. These contributions of Arab and Islamic peoples to the

Under Mehmed II rule, the Ottoman empire consolidated their political, religious, and military authority, contributing to the empire’s prominence in the Islamic World. With the help of his newly centralized government, Mehmed initiated the conquest of the Byzantine city of Constantinople. It was mainly because of this conquest that Mehmed gained his nickname Mehmed the Conqueror. Following this conquest, Mehmed considered himself not only a warrior sultan, be he also presented himself as the emperor of the “two lands” (Europe and Asia) and the “two seas” (the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea). Under Mehmed’s command, the Ottoman military faced virtually no rival, and they were practically unstoppable. Mehmed’s military additionally conquered Serbia, Greece, and Albania, eradicated the last Byzantine outpost at Trebizond, captured numerous Genoese ports in Crimea, and fought a naval war in the Mediterranean against Venice. It was rumored that Mehmed aspired to travel to Rome via the Straits of Otranto and capture the pope himself! Through these conquests and more, the Ottoman empire gained and demonstrated their authority throughout the world; however, Mehmed’s many conquest helped the Ottoman government become a more unified and powerful force

From its beginnings in Arabia, till the time it reached its peak of power, the Islamic Empire was extremely proficient at expanding their influence. Islam reached from Spain to India and had a huge impact on people all across the known world. Their success in expansion was due their use of tactics and methods to assist them in spreading their control. The spread of Islam was so successful because their faith made them vicious warriors, and their ideas were attractive to other peoples, making it easy for them to assimilate to the Umma. The Islamic faith was successful in attracting new people to their way of life. They were also able to use their strong armies to their advantage as well as their image of fear to control many people. To help further expand their reach, the Muslims used tolerance to gain the interest of monotheists and other people in their religion.

The Middle East’s power nations have differed throughout time. New countries would rise and take over, while others fell. The Ottoman Empire was a very strong and powerful nation, that lasted for a long time, but ended up failing. This was due to great internal and external challenges the Ottoman had to face.

From the year 1566, to 1683 (I'm stating the history relevant to the starting RP year only, which is 1620), the Ottoman Empire suffered from many revolts, reversals, and revivals. This, mainly caused by weak Sultans, would later result in the Ottoman Empire's total demise. While the Ottomans would still prove to be a major Eastern European power, there weakening was obvious, as they fell behind in European technology, due to most of the Ottoman wants of conquest became drained by the emergence of new conservative religious and intellectual ideas. One of the consequences of this, while not known by many, was a Catholic naval coalition victory, the coalition being led by Spain's Phillip II, at the Battle of Laptano in 1571 over an Ottoman fleet. This, along with the previous victory over the far smaller defending force at the Ottoman Siege of Malta in 1565, ever threw away the Ottoman's previous image of being invincible. They lost more men then ships, and, however, were still able to quickly replace them, after getting Venice to sign a peace

The Ottomans arose in Anatolia in the west of Turkey, coming primarily as settlers. They ruled a small military state in western Anatolia by 1300, about the time the reign of Seljuk was falling apart. This allowed the ottomans to extended their influence over most of Anatolia and into the Byzantine territory by the 1400’s. By 1402, the Ottomans had moved their capital to

After the end of World War I in 1918, a huge sea change in the geopolitical landscape happened. With what seemed like one fell swoop, the “Age of Empire” was swept away as the German Empire, Tsarist Russia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire disintegrated. For some it seems that the decline of the Ottoman Empire was the most expected of all of them, having been characterized as “The Sick Man of Europe” for centuries after its near-domination of the Middle East and large parts of Europe had eroded. What had once been a massive conglomeration of territories, stretching from the Horn of Africa well into Eastern Europe, was gradually weakened both from the inside and out by a variety of factors over a huge period of time spanning centuries. At its apogee, the Ottoman Empire was known for its immense wealth and military might, as well as a high level of governmental organization. After the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Sultan Mehmet II, the Ottoman monarchs set about creating a state that was unmatched not only in power but also in efficiency and technology. The use of gunpowder by the Ottoman armies in the 15th and 16th centuries placed them in a completely different and more advanced position than their European counterparts, who still had to largely rely on pikes, with a devastating effect . One of the strengths of the Ottoman Empire was its ability to strike a balance, for a time, between the need to acknowledge the many diverse territories and

Studies hold that there existed five great and powerful Islamic Empires in history. These included the Ottoman Empire, the Caliphate, the Umayyad Caliphate, the Mughal Empire, and the Safavid Empire (Lapidus 414). The Ottoman Empire is considered the greatest empire because it ruled for a longer period than the rest of the empires. It was also one of the hugest and most powerful States globally. In 1923, the Empire was ceded by the Republic of Turkey and declined as a result (Lapidus 373). The Abbasid’s period, on the other hand, was a term marked by advances in Literature, Sciences, Philosophy, and Medicine, and was hence referred to as the golden age of Islam. The empire’s decline followed the arrest of Baghdad by Mongols

The rise of the Ottoman Empire started in Turkey and spread through most of the Middle East. Their military practice and successful transition to the use of gun powder made them one of the most successful ruling bodies in the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire which ruled until modern times had great influence on the Middle Eastern world. Their political and economic abilities astonished the western world. Their religious views and fears were instilled into any non-Muslim and helped the western world to find new trade. The rise of Christianity in the western world provided new ways to preserve the dead and ended the need for frankensence, the main export of the Ottoman Empire. This

First, the Ottomans had many successful campaigns in foreign countries. The first successful campaign that was important to the rise of the Empire was the capture of Adrianople in 1361 under Orhan Gazi I. This made the Byzantines change their view and think of the Ottomans as a rising threat. Later, by in 1430, the Sultan Murad II invaded and conquered land in Hungary and the Balkans. Murad’s son, Mehmed II, became the next Sultan and had one of the most significant campaigns for the Ottomans. In 1453, Mehmed II took advantage of the shrinking Constantinople.