The PCMH Model

Depression is pervasive in both mental health and medical settings. In the US, the number of discharges with major depressive disorder as first-listed diagnosis was estimated 395,000 for 2010. The CDC also cites the percentage of persons 12 years of age and older with depression in any 2-week period at an estimated 8% between 2007-2010 (CDC, 2015). The American Psychiatric Associates guidelines on treatment of Major Depressive Disorder recommend the ongoing monitoring of symptoms among patients. Specifically, the APA recommends “systemically assessing symptoms of illness and the effects of treatment”. Consideration is given to matching clinical observations with clinician and/or patient administered rating scale measurements for initial and ongoing evaluation (American Psychiatric Association,

Problem Statement: The World Health Association defines ‘good’ health as: “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” However, in the United States, access to care and funding for mental health care are grossly neglected and underfunded in comparison to other aspects of health care.

Mental health providers utilize many forms of research from the interventions that they use to provide care to their clients all the way to the assessment’s that they use to gauge the level of satisfaction of their clients with their services and how effective their services are in regards to their overall mental health wellness.

The Healthy People 2020 initiative is a government-sponsored program designed to use science-based, 10-year national objectives to improve the health of all Americans. Healthy People 2020 encourages collaboration across communities, empowers individuals to make informed health decisions, and measures the impact on health of these activities ("2020," 2013). The goals of 2020 related to mental illness are to improve mental health by assuring access to quality mental health services, to reduce the suicide rate, to increase the number of homeless persons who need and also receive mental health services, to reduce the number

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (2010) states that the federal government in conjunction with the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are pushing for the integration of behavioral health care and primary care for individuals with serious mental illness (SMI).

Hennessy, K. D., & Green-Hennessy, S. (2011). A review of mental health interventions in SAMHSA 's national registry of evidence-based programs and practices. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.), 62(3), 303-305. doi:10.1176/ps.62.3.pss6203_0303

Columbus Regional Health (n.d.) serves 10 counties in Southeast Indiana. The demographics include a predominantly Caucasian population of approximately 300,000 people (Economic Opportunities through Education by 2015, n.d.). In southeastern Indiana, about 140,000 individuals have employment (Economic Opportunities through Education by 2015, n.d.). Of those individuals, 15% of them, who are over the age of 24, have a bachelor’s degree (Economic Opportunities through Education by 2015, n.d.). Approximately 30% of the high-school students drop out in this mainly rural area with a flat population growth (Economic Opportunities through Education by 2015, n.d.). CRH’s MH unit provides psychiatric services to adults 18 years and older. Most patients have either psychosis or thoughts of hurting themselves or others.

Throughout the years public health efforts evolved to meet health care needs of populations. Despite those advances, the United States continues to have high morbidity rates of chronic illness. In addition, many Americans are suffering from mental health disorders. The issue caused many research studies to focus on integrating behavioral health and primary care in order to reduce health disparities in the nation. This paper analyzes how the integration of behavioral health in primary care facilities help serve the need of our population.

As demonstrated by the American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2011), the treatment course of action ought to be solely custom fitted for every individual patient considering their manifestation, rating scale, estimations and the examination of the treatment's preferences and responses (APA, 2011). Numerous accomplished clinicians challenge CMHO and tailor singular patient treatment. The rates of emotional wellness fluctuate from society, ethnicity, immigration status, inside a given ethnicity, geographical area, and financial station, among different components (Alegria et al., 2008). CMHO is working on this particular issue with its advisory committee and affiliated members to make mental health services not just affordable, easily available and accessible but accommodated and tailored to individual patient need (CMHO,

effects families, children and widercommunity. Moreover behavioral disorders can cause inability to work or reduced work performance . Studies about behavioral health states that social forces, ideologies, finances and more recent pharmaceutical marketing have shaped this system of more than treatment advances or improved care . Inconsistent performance measurement prevent attempts to make international comparisons about mental health care quality. Perry et al. (2015) holds the view that there is a need to develop community based interventions

The target population for this survey will be behavioral health providers within the area. HMA proposes to compile an extensive list of behavioral health providers combining information from the planning

After all these differentiation in skills is addressed another obstacle can arise in the PSH model. After the PSH model is developed and it has multiple service lines, a staffing issue can arise. Staffing the program is not an easy task either. For those anesthesiologists and physicians that have a lot of experience and knowledge they see themselves as only perioperative physicians. However, as discussed before these physicians and anesthesiologists often do not hold the management skillsets that one needs to have for the PSH model. Research has shown that the PSH model is going to be more widely used. Therefore these anesthesiologists and physicians have to be more trained in management skills. Again a way to obtain this is to instill more

I’ve experienced some functions of the PCMH model with my PCP, however, most functions are better seen with PCMH and public/community care facilities. We have a few in the Raleigh area and they focus on the five functions of the PCMH model: comprehensive care, patient-centered, coordinated care, accessible services and quality and safety. These facilities provide services to the insured but focus on low income families that has government insurance and are self-pay. They provide numerous services, such as, comprehensive, allergy testing, ECG, Dermatology, nutrition, Musculoskeletal Care and lab work. The main goal is to provide quality care without the high healthcare cost.

According to the analysis of variance SPH model study (Table 4.), it was understood that the model was significant since its P-value is 0.1, which indicated the independent variables did not have an effect on the dependent variable. The values for AB, AC, and BC were 0.5, 0.2, and 0.4, respectively, showed little or no effect on glucan yield. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the model was 0.91, which indicated that the model could represent the real relationships among the selected reaction variables. Based on the ANOVA study of SPHP and the Model F-value of 49.87, the developed model was significant. There was only a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could happen due to noise. The "Lack of Fit F-value" of 0.69 meant

the study to a specific mental health problem. This study will serve to fill the gap by focusing on