The Paleo-Indian Tradition Essay

Southern indians had the most effect on their environment. For agriculture they needed clear grounds which was relatively easy for them, they did this so they can set fires to wood and completely clearing the land. They would plant crops especially corn on that land. Stripping forest for firewood and clearing field wasn’t only actions indians took, they burned extensive sections of forest twice a year which would consume all the rubbish and underwood, destroyed the vermin, kept weeds and thickets under check and recycled the nutrients back into soil which caused grases, shrubs and nonwoody plants to grow more luxuriantly. Burning of some areas also encouraged extensive growth of other areas which created boundaries between grass and forest area. This creation of ideal habitats attracted animals to certain places which allowed indians to hunt them

In 13,000 bc the first communities in the Americas were established and the first group of people that established tribes were the Paleo-Indians. At this point in time the Ice Age was coming to an end, but there were still huge animals that existed and were hunted by the Paleo-Indians. The tools that they used to hunt big animals like the woolly mammoth were long spears with a sharp end on it made out stone or

1. How did the Huron view of nature affect their treatment of the environment—including animals, trees, and plants?

Obtain Food: They grew crops of corn, beans, pumpkins, and squash. The rainfall made the land very potent for growing crops and keeping up with a farm. During the winter they hunted buffalo, although they are mainly agricultural. Animals in the area included Bison, deer, elk, bear, porcupine, antelope, prairie dogs, eagles, and wolves.

The Iroquois lived in what is now known as New York State. They adapted to their environment in many different ways. The Iroquois used the resources available to them in the Eastern Woodlands to create homes and thrive for long periods of time.

Minnesota offered a healthy, varied diet to the Sioux because of its abundant resources. Once the Sioux settled into the plans and became gathers and hunters, but they were once primarily farmers. In the Beginning of spring the Sioux rise from their winter village, and the men and women go their separate ways. Maple tree groves provides sweet maple

The Mississippian culture was composed of a series of urban settlements and villages linked together by a loose trading network The Mississippian culture flourished from 800-1600 AD. It encompassed the southern shores of the Great Lakes at Western New York and Western Pennsylvania in the Eastern Midwest, all the way into the south/southwest of the Mississippi Valley and into the Southeastern United States.

They used what is known as a diffused substinance pattern. By this we mean that by using resources available to them lightly as opposed to intensely using the same resources, they were conserving for the future. These tribes would spiritualize nature. In this culture everything was significant. They held reverence for the environment and a strong kinship with nature. Often these people observed respectful guidelines to avoid spiritual retaliation. For instance, the bones of the beaver would be returned to the river where it had been trapped. This was believed to keep the beavers there plentiful.

Physical characteristics would have affected settlement patterns in the seventeenth century by changing whether a population would have to spread apart or if they would have to remain concentrated in one area and by changing what kind of homes they could have. The Eastern Woodlands included the Midwest and Northeast Regions. This region had rolling hills, plains, plentiful rainfall and moderate seasons. The Iroquois lived mainly near the Great Lakes and oceans in areas close to lakes and streams. Because of the welcoming climate, the Iroquois were able to farm allowing them to have permanent settlements with the longhouses that they preferred. Furthermore, because they lived near water, they had the ability to fish using the boats they were

Northern Indians depended on hunting and gathering. During the spring they lived near the river which allowed them to catch fish, whales and seals. Children would catch birds and bird eggs for food. They kept their hunting to a moderation which allowed animal populations to be sustained. They also ate native plants such as strawberries, raspberries, and other wild plants. During the months of October through March Indians moved to the forest where they hunted beaver, moose and deer. They tried to use every part of the animals they hunted; they used the animals' skin as clothing and their bones as tools. Certain tribes had rules on what to do with left over animal parts. They kept population from increasing in the winter by not storing enough food, which caused some Indians to die during the winter. They also set big forest fires during the summer and fall, which in the long run increased nutrients in the soil. An abundance of grass for the animals made the soil warmer and drier, which allowed oak trees to grow. When the colonists arrived everything changed, the land began to be altered.

1. Trace the history of relocation and Indian reservations. In what ways did reservations destroy Native American cultures, and in what ways did reservations foster tribal identities? Be sure to account for patterns of change and consistency over time.

The Eastern Woodland Indians was an Indian tribe that was located around the stretch from the Mississippi River to the Atlantic Ocean. Usually the Woodland Indians had settled west from the Atlantic. The Eastern Woodland tribe also settled from Canada in the North all the way to The Gulf of Mexico in the South. The Indians of The Eastern Woodlands tribe had spoke several different languages and dialects. According to www.indians.org, “Additionally, there were many groups such as the Cayuga, Mohawk, Onondaga, and Seneca tribes”. Many different parts of the Eastern Woodlands economy encouraged them to become a civilization such as the habitat of the Eastern Woodlands, the shelter, the food, and the culture of the Eastern Woodlands Indians.

For more than 10,000 years the Native American people of the Columbia River region, specifically the Cayuse, Walla Walla and Umatilla Indian tribes, migrated in a yearly cyclical pattern. The tribes would travel from the lowlands of the Columbia River to the highlands in the Blue Mountains in search of safety, shelter, food, opportunities for trade and resources of energy. The most abundant sources of food included elk, deer, salmon, berries and roots. Each of the aforementioned food sources were spread throughout different locales and thus required a continued pattern of movement, place to place from season to season, to collect each target food. Accumulated meats, berries and roots would be stored for the year to come, and to last through

Muckleshoot descendants depended animal and plant resources and they traveled broadly to harvest these resources. During winter when traveling was hard they sheltered in villages beside the regions watercourses depending on stored food and local resources. In the summer

Battle between European kingdoms incited to an eagerness for states and trading posts that may sustain the rising nations. This expansionism familiar Europeans with African and American social requests that had created over several years, and the social correspondence that took in the wake of starting contacts between these human headways fundamentally affected western history. American Societies first there was Paleo (Indians) Paleo Indians arrived some place in the scope of 12,000 to 14,000 years earlier and made due by pursuing sweeping preoccupation. As the distinctive items, and wherever cultivating ruled the economy, complex human progressions flourished. Horticulture was an essential key as of now fundamentally that is the place most the cash and nourishment supply originated from. Mesoamerican Civilizations Early municipal foundations created in what is by and