The Pathology Of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves an autoimmune process that develops when a previous viral insult to the nervous system has occurred in a genetically susceptible individual. B lymphocytes, plasma cells, and activated T cells, along with proinflammatory cytokines, cause inflammation, oligodendrocyte injury and demyelination. Early inflammation and demyelination lead to irreversible axonal

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive neurological disease affecting all aspects of life: physical, cognitive, emotional, and social (Abma). It is known as an autoimmune disease, Where the body’s immune system turns against the body and destroys the protective covering that surrounds nerve cells. This damage to the nerve cells causes many problems for the patient including weakness, muscle stiffness, poor coordination and balance, tingling, numbness, tremors, blurred vision, slurred speech, and memory and concentration problems (Bren)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS affects approximately 3.0 million people globally, with about 300,000 cases in the United States. Twice as many women as men have MS. The average ages for onset of MS is 20-40 years. In MS, cells in the immune system attack and destroy myelin, the fatty tissue surrounding nerve cells (http://www.phylomed.com/MS.html). Scar tissue replaces the myelin, interfering with the transmission of nerve signals and leading to numbness, fatigue, spasticity, loss of muscle control, and various other debilitating symptoms. There are four broad theories

Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is a disease of the central nervous system. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. Both have nerve fibers that are wrapped in a myelin sheath. In MS, the myelin sheath becomes inflamed and gradually is destroyed. With the destruction of the myelin sheath comes an array of symptoms that may include numbness or tingling, balance problems, weakness, muscle spasms, and blurred vision.

Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that attacks the myelin coating over the nerve receptors in your brain and spinal cord. Myelin is a fatty material that coats and protects the nerves in your brain. These nerves send signals to the rest of your body enabling

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that attacks the central nervous system. The myelinated nerve cells get attacked which results in scars and lesions that destroy the myelin sheath. The reason for the body attacking its own nerve cells is unknown. Many believe that the cause of MS is from a virus, a deficiency in Vitamin D, or genetics. Studies are being done to find out what is the real cause of MS.

Multiple Sclerosis, commonly known as MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Scientists have been studying MS since the 19th century. In MS, the body’s immune system produces cells and antibodies that attack myelin in your brain which is essential for the nerves in your brain and spinal cord to conduct electricity to perform its function. The attack on myelin results in vison loss, paralysis, numbness, muscle weakness, difficulty walking, stiffness, spasms, and bladder and bowel problems. MS has varying degrees of severity and affects people between the ages of 20-50, mostly women. Although there are treatments, there is no cause and cure yet.

Multiple sclerosis, commonly known as MS, is an auto-immune disease. An auto-immune disease is one in which the body attacks itself. In this particular disease, the central nervous system is being attacked. Specifically, the myelin sheath, or the fatty substance that coats and protects nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord, is attacked. The attacks cause scar tissue, which makes it difficult for signals to travel between the brain and body. Eventually, the nerves may deteriorate, which is a process that is completely irreversible [5]. See the figure below for more detail.

The main cause of MS is yet to be known, researchers have suggested that MS is a demyelinating disease. Here myelin gets degenerated. Myelin is a material which is composed of fats and provides insulation for the nerves. This insulation of fat contributes in transmission of impulses with very high speed, allowing people to move almost without thinking. Therefore, when this myelin sheath is not present it cause a short circuiting like case and the person cannot move rapidly, smoothly and coordinate movements. According to researchers the immune system mistakes the myelin as a foreign body and attacks to destroy this myelin. It is not known yet what triggers the immune system but it is thought to be a combination of many factors. Among a few theories a virus that lies dormant in the body plays a major role in the causing of this disease by disturbing the immune system or indirectly contribute to the autoimmunity. Another one of the theories also says that it is not because of any specific virus but a common virus like herpes or measles which activates the

Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is considered to be "a immune-mediated disease" (nationalmssociety.org). This means within the Central Nervous System (CNS), the immune system mistakenly attacks myelin – The "fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the nerve fibers" (nationalmssociety.org) – as well as nerve fibers themselves. When the myelin and nerve fibers are damaged, the myelin interferes with nerve conduction. The symptoms of MS relate to this interruption of signaling between

Multiple sclerosis is a progressive disease that affects the central nervous system, which includes but is not limited to the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. Within the CNS the immune system attacks myelin sheaths, which are fatty membranes surrounding the axon of a neuron. Overtime the damaged myelin sheath forms scar tissue called sclerosis, which is what gives the disease its name. When scleroses are formed on the myelin sheath, nerve impulses that travel to and from the brain and spinal cord are dramatically slowed and sometimes even completely blocked. Consequently the muscular system is not able to function properly, which is what gives MS such crippling symptoms.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disorder of the central nervous system: that consist of the brain and spinal cord. MS is known as an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is the cover that protects the nerve cells. When the myelin is damaged, messages between the brain and the whole body get disrupt. MS is more probable to affect people between the ages of 20 to 40 years. The effects of the disease vary for everybody who suffers from it. Depending on this the disease may progress rapidly or slowly. MS has four different categories of progressing. Unfortunately, MS is an incurable disease, but treatments such as medication and physical therapy can help comfort and regulate the symptoms. In this essay, I will talk about the progression of the four types of MS and the stages of diagnosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease which leads to inflammation of the central nervous system resulting in damage of the myelin sheath, axons and oligodendrocytes. There are four recognized courses that are defined by severity of disease progression and absence or presence of periods of remission. Relapsing-remitting (RR) is the most common course and is distinguished by exacerbations followed by periods of recovery and remission, over time this becomes secondary-progressive (SP) which is a more steady progression of disability with or without exacerbations. Primary-progressive (PP) occurs in about 10% of patients and is the most aggressive course with no remissions and fewer treatment options. Progressive-relapsing

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease which affects nerves in the brain and spinal cord which results problems in muscle movement, balance and vision. The nerve fiber in the brain and spinal cord are surrounded by layer of protein called myelin which help to protects the nerve and helps electrical signals from the brain travel to the rest of the body. In case of multiple sclerosis the tissue which is affected is myelin sheaths. During multiple sclerosis something goes wrong with immune system and immune system starts attacking myelin sheaths as they recognize them as foreigner bodies. During macrophage myelin sheaths is engulf and they are presented as foreign bodies to the T-lymphocytes cell which produce antibodies and destroy

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease that affects about 1.1 million people worldwide, majority of who form part of the western population (Wilkinson and Lennox, 2005; Zabriske, 2009). MS mainly results from autoimmunity and is characterized by progressive damage to the central nervous system (CNS) leading to poor motor coordination in the limbs as well as vision abnormalities (Karp, 2013; Adamczyk & Adamczyk-Sowa, 2016). MS establishes itself through a dysfunctional immune system, which causes immune cells (ICs) to attack the myelin sheath, a process termed as demyelination. The myelin sheath forms an insulating layer around the axons of nerve cells and facilitates the conduction of nerve impulses. Hence, the deterioration of myelin as a result of autoimmune attack, disrupts signal conduction along the axons; this progressively establishes the symptoms of MS (Saladin 2008; Karp 2013).