The Pattern of Residential Lot Size Zoning in Guangzhou, China

The zoning by-law has been changed based on the city requirements and feeling necessity on living space improvement. For example, fifty years ago, the most single family dwelling was constructed as bungalow with one bath, no garage and living area about 1000 SqFt, but the transition shows two storey dwelling with garage, more bathrooms and living area more than 3000 SqFt in the subject property area.

The Iowa City Zoning Code was designed to be developed together with the Iowa City Comprehensive Plan; the goal is to stimulate the progress of a better quality of life for the population. Moreover, the regulations cover the provisions of the law for land use control in Iowa City. The document regulates the land use authorization for each of the zones and details the specific areas outlined in Iowa City. There are many land use area in the Iowa City Zoning Ordinance, as shown in Map 1 (Appendix C). However, this document will cover the use of residential land and will explain three of them: the Low-Density Single-Family Residential Zone (RS-5), Medium Density Multi-Family Residential Zone (RM-20), and Neighborhood Stabilization Residential

One of the geographical characteristics of cities is the proportion of low-lying areas that exists. Studies have been carried out to examine residential segregation. The theory that was being studied was whether

Inclusionary zoning is a tool to help accomplish affordable housing. The main goal of it is to build a certain percentages of house but to where the houses can be afforded by middle/low income earners. Incentives are provided to act as cost offsets and include density bonuses, tax abatement, and reduced parking charges. Density bonuses motivate developers to have additional units which result in an increased profit margin. On subscription to the inclusionary zoning, benefits accrued eventually lower costs that would have otherwise been charged on the developers. This technique provides a sustainable method of dealing with housing shortage (Dietderich 13). The municipality, however, cannot force developers to set a particular minimum price and therefore the government can only provide incentives to developers to voluntarily provide the units for low-income earners.

According to Jack Poe, master of science real estate appraisal and state certified real state appraiser in Texas, “According to Babcock’s classic study, the primary effect of Houston’s lack of zoning has been…high income neighborhoods have been preserved by the employment of private covenants and low income neighborhoods have sought in-home commercial development (like a small repair shop) as a way to add value to otherwise low value homes. (Babcock 1966, P. 28).” What all this means to the modern developer in Houston is that they have more freedom to develop what they perceive is needed. The remedy to Houston’s continuing discourse over zoning is a democratic zoning process that is not completely laissez-fair in its approach, as currently exists with the no zoning policy, but remains participatory in order to safeguard the “neighborhood commons” whilst still maintaining this membership and stewardship of the land. The no zoning land policy, as it currently stands in Houston, in part meets Aldo Leopold’s criteria for the land ethic because the citizens are members of the land and it is treated as a shared land-community rather than a commodity controlled by government official(s) or political elites. However, to meet the criteria for the land ethic in whole, it must incorporate a flexible zoning policy that would seek to protect the “neighborhood common” (citizens interests and resources) while still respecting the land-community, which Olmsted values so

Zoning laws have become an integral part of the growth and expansion of municipalities. Soon after New York City enacted the nations “first zoning laws in the early 20th century”, many municipalities followed suit to protect their valuable land and those who lived in it. While the zoning laws sought to keep land values high and promote the well-being of its citizens, they also reinforced the segregation of the affluent and the poor. With the history of ethnic and racial discrimination so entangled with economic inequalities, this also meant that it also reinforced racial segregation and inhibited residential integration. Fair housing laws were put in place, to help combat such exclusionary zoning, but its many loopholes has allowed exclusionary

As a result, real-estate development has become a keystone of a city’s productive economy. The systematized corporate-governmental restructuring of the urban landscape is difficult to oppose since a city’s productive economy is self-justifying. When ‘urban regeneration’ creates more jobs, taxes and tourism for a city, the beneficial socio-economic outcomes are attributed to the productive economy rather than from its regulation, thus perpetuating schematized

The first ring is the CBD, which is where nonresidential activities are concentrated. The second ring is the zone of transition, where various industries and poorer quality housing is located. The third ring is a zone of independent workers’ homes, where modest older homes occupied by the working-class families are clustered. The fourth ring is the zone of better residences, where newer and larger houses for the middle-class families. The firth ring is the commuter’s zone, which is located beyond the continuous built-up area of the city.

The study area is classified into 9 categories. Each land use type is formulated into Figure 1 and Table 1. The study area has clearly been divided into two functional parts, the northern part is mainly for residential and commercial use, and the southern part is primarily occupied by industrial and institutional use.

4.) The weakest parts of the article arise from two areas. Firstly, the authors focus very heavily on the physical representation of these areas in order to determine reinvestment and level of gentrification which ignores non-physical issues of investment and property value. Secondly, the authors, due to having such a small sample size, only focused on a small list of factors and could have taken more local political and social issues into consideration during their

While zoning residential areas would have its positive outcomes, there are also certain drawbacks that would affect the city overall. One drawback that needs to be considered is the prevention of economic development in blighted areas. Criticism arises in the thought that if the special zoning ordinance were put

When new development or renovations on empty lots begin the citizens of the communities start asking amount them who will be the beneficiary of the gentrification. Even the displaced of mom and pop businesses are disappear. And the neighborhood no longer can afford to leave on such communities. The question is how does gentrification impact the government? Well, government plays a big role in serving low income to citizens. It create apartment that an affordable to them. It doesn’t impact the government on a negative way because they generate new policies and programs that help the people from the community. So, many types of local and states polices are design to accommodate affordable houses, even though the cost are increasing. One of the several program that the government had is one called “inclusionary zoning” (IZ). The characteristics for this program are: “(1) whether they are mandatory or voluntary, (2) what size or type of development projects are affected, (3) the required share of affordable units, (4) the

Gentrification has been a controversial issue both in urban planning and politics primarily due to the displacement of poor people by the rich folks (Shaw & Hagemans, 2015). Many individuals have viewed gentrification as an illegal act that should be avoided at all costs. On the other hand, another group of people believe that gentrification is the way forward to promoting growth and development. With such contrasting ideas, this paper is going to take a look at gentrification from a positive and negative perspective, its effects, and how it can be prevented or contained. Apart from this, the paper will also address the following questions.

Burgess’s concentric zone theory was presented in 1924. He presented a descriptive urban land use model that divided cities in a set of concentric circles expanding from downtown to the suburbs. His representation came from Burgess’ observations of various American cities, especially Chicago. Burgess model assumes a relationship between the socio-economic status of households and the distance from the Central Business District. The further from the district, the better the quality of housing, but the longer the commuting time. Making this Accessing better housing is done at the expense of longer commuting times and costs as well. According to Burgess, urban growth is a process of expansion and reconversion of land uses, with a tendency of each inner zone to expand in the outer zone. According to Burgess’ theory, a large city is divided in six concentric zones, Burgess’s model has its cons according to critics. It is said to be a product of its time. That is, it won’t work the same with present cities. The model was developed when American cities were growing very fast and when motorized transportation was still uncommon as most people used public transit. Thus the concept cannot be applied to those from the second half to the twentieth century where highways have enabled urban development to escape the reconversion process and to take place directly in the suburbs. The model in this case was developed for American cities and is limited elsewhere.

New Urbanism, a burgeoning genre of architecture and city planning, is a movement that has come about only in the past decade. This movement is a response to the proliferation of conventional suburban development (CSD), the most popular form of suburban expansion that has taken place since World War II. Wrote Robert Steuteville, "Lacking a town center or pedestrian scale, CSD spreads out to consume large areas of countryside even as population grows relatively slowly. Automobile use per capita has soared, because a motor vehicle is required for nearly all human transportation"1. New Urbanism, therefore, represents the converse of this planning ideology. It stresses traditional planning, including multi-purpose zoning,