ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY 1. Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy An atomic force microscope (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscope (SPM). An AFM uses a cantilever with a probe to scan over a sample’s surface. The probe is a sharp tip (3 to 6 m pyramid; 15 to 40 nm end radius) such as the one shown in Fig. 1. As the tip of the AFM approaches the surface, at close range, attractive forces between the sample surface and the tip of the AFM causes the cantilever to deflect towards the surface
project, I fabricated thin films of cobalt iron alloy of different thickness by electrodeposition technique and studied the domain and dynamics of the domain walls by taking measurements from magnetic force microscopy (MFM). I measured the roughness by taking measurements from Atomic force microscopy. I characterized the films with XRD which showed the crystal structure of the film. The SEM images of Cobalt iron film exhibited nano crystallized structure and the variation of granular size as a function
Applications, such as for the transparent conductive electrode, and many other possible applications. Measuring micromechanically peeling layer graphene has been experimentally studied for over 40 years, and transport properties of graphene, the growth in [16among many other potential applications. Graphene is experimental study for over 40 years, and the transport properties of the release layer was measured micromechanically graphene grown in a growth in the copper (Cu) largearea graphene substrate
El-Kader *, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and with different time of reaction (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction method. Structure, surface topology, photoluminescence and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM)
Abd El-Kader *, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and different time of reactions (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction methods. Structure, surface topology, photoluminescence and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM)
xxxxxxxxxxx Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and different time of reactions (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction methods. Surface topology, optical and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using absorption spectroscopy, electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM) and photoluminescence
are inevitable at the time of production can alter the structural properties of any engineering materials. Developing graphene with specific structural properties depends upon controlling these defects, either by removing or deliberately engineering atomic structure to gain or tailoring specific properties. In the present article, a comprehensive review of defective graphene sheets with respect to its mechanical and thermal properties are presented and examined. Key Words: Graphene; point defects; line
carbon atoms (Figure 2) exhibiting nanometer-scale corrugations and is the thinnest material ever isolated.3 a) b) Figure 2. a) Scanning probe microscopic image of graphene using a scanning tunnelling microscope for imaging surfaces at the atomic level (U.S. Army Materiel Command, 2012) b) ADF-STEM image of graphene structure9 The synthesis of graphene, beyond the “Scotch-tape method” of mechanical exfoliation has proven somewhat complicated, with a primary focus on isolating samples with
medical applications. Other than medical applications Raman spectroscopy also provides applications to nanotechnology, nano medicine, pharmaceutical etc. Raman spectroscopy can also be used to analyze gas mixtures or detect explosives. In solid-state physics, Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize materials, measure temperature, or get the information about crystal orientation. As this technique can distinguish between molecules, it has become popular in the field of biomedicine, especially in tissue
of sp2 bonds, like the ones seen in graphite. This bonding structure, stronger than the sp3 bonds found in diamond, provides the molecules with their unique strength. Nanotubes naturally align themselves into "ropes" held together by Van der Waals forces. Under high pressure, nanotubes can merge together, trading some sp2 bonds for sp3 bonds, thus acquiring great possibility for producing strong, unlimited-length wires through high-pressure nanotube linking. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes