The Physics Of The Optical Brain

The brain is considered the most complex organ in the body. It is responsible for controlling motor function, the body’s ability to balance and the ability to translate information sent to the brain by sensory organs. The mind is described as the faculty of consciousness and thought. It’s where our feeling and emotions originate from and defines who we are as a person. The brain is composed of the visual cortex, which is responsible for processing visual information. In blind individuals the feature that makes up visions still exists in the visual cortex. These features are now used to process information received from the other senses. However, blind individuals are able to view the images because what’s in their mind.

Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of perception both suggest that eye-retina is important for perception. The both believe that without eye-retina, a person will not be able to see. This is a common view of both of the theories of perception. The idea is supported by the case of SB. SB was a man who had been blind from birth due to cataracts. When he was 52, he had an operation which restored his sight and hence he could see. Thus, this case has shown the importance of eye-retina for things to be perceived. And therefore, supports both of theories of perception which eye-retina is essential for perception.

As vital organ of vision, the eye, allows us to learn more about the world around us more than any other organ or senses. Sight, the physical sensory experience and vision, the metaphysical concept of how our brain interprets images both work harmoniously and play a huge role in our everyday lives. However, almost a billion people are either blind or visually impaired simply due to not having a pair of glasses. Being able to lead people in the direction of good vision is what developed my interests.

Explain the visual process, including the stimulus input, the structure of the eye, and the transduction of light energy.

After being shown a picture of an elephant they eye will take the light that is reflected from the object and it will enter the eye through the pupil. Then the light will be focused by the cornea and the lens to form a sharp image of the elephant in the retina. The retina is the network of neurons that cover the back of the eye and contains the visual receptors for a person vision. The visual receptors are made up of cones and rods that contain light sensitive chemicals called visual pigments. Visual pigments reacht to light and cause a triggered electrical signals to occur. These electrical signals will then flow through a network of neurons and this network of neurons is what makes up a persons retina. After the flow through the network of neurons occurs the electrical signals will emerge from the back of the eye in the area

When it comes to vision, we see things based on the light reflected from surfaces. The reflected light waves enter the eye through the cornea at the front of the eye, it's resized at the pupil, focused by the lens, and hits the retina at the back. The light is then detected by rods and cones, photoreceptors, which alters the light into electrical signals. The optic nerve transmits those vision signals to the lateral geniculate nucleus, where visual information is transmitted to the visual cortex of the brain then converts into the objects that we see.

The retina is what houses the eye’s rods and cones. The eye has about 6 million cones and 120 million rods. Both rods and cones get their names from their shape. Rods do not provide color vision, and are sensitive to dim light. Cones function well in the day and provide color vision.

The eye is the organ of sight. It is used in almost everything we do, from playing sport to reading. A normal and well functioning eye can focus objects and images, both near and far, perceive depth and adapt to changes in light.

Humans have a unique and wonderful device in how one sees. The eye and brain work together to turn the world into visual data one’s brain can understand and use. There are some eye conditions that inhibit the sight or the recognition of the shapes one sees. Research continues to overcome these conditions as well as to further understand the biochemical reaction that gives humans the sight and understanding one has of visual data. Included in the paper are some of the latest research methods.

When a cone sees light, it sends out an electrical impulse, delivered via the optical nerve, the nerve that connects the eye’s retina with the neural network. Once it has traveled through the neural network to the brain, the brain interprets them as a

The rods, in contrast, are all identical to one another (Purves et al., 2001). At the lower intensities of light, only the rods are activated. However, as the amount of light entering the eye increases, so does the activity of the cones, ultimately influencing what an individual can see (Purves et al., 2001). Photopigments, which are found in both rods and cones within the retina, respond to light through a chemical process that releases energy. In order to detect varying levels of light, “photopigments consist of 11-cis-retinal (a derivative of vitamin A) bound to proteins called opsins, which modify the photopigments’ sensitivity to different wavelengths of light. Light converts 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal, thus releasing energy that activates second messengers within the cell” (Kalat, 2013, p. 159). The photopigments are responsible for initiating the first steps of communication within visual system when levels of light are first

The eyelids are made up of four layers, the skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The process of vision occurs when light waves from an object, enter through the iris. Light then passes through the lens of the eye, a double convex structure that is used to focus the light, and then reaches the retina. Inside the retina are rods and cones. Rods are used to sense light and dark, and cones are used for sensing colors. Whether the light entering the eye hits the cones or rods, a signal is sent across the optic nerve to the brain where it is processed and viewed as an image. Some issues people have with eyesight are as follows. Those who are farsighted are unable to see things clearly at a short distance, compared to a long distance. This occurs when the light that enters the eye is focused behind the retina, and not directly onto it. When the cornea is not curved enough, this happens. Nearsightedness is when one can see objects clear at a short distance, but not at a longer distance, and this is often caused by a change in the cornea. A Blind spot is the location the optic disk, where the optic nerve fiber exits, and at this location there are no cones or rods, so there is a blind spot.

Our eyes are vital organs because they help us visualize our surroundings. But are our eyes perfect in seeing what’s right in front of us? Sadly I learned in our evolution, nature messed up at one point and gave us blind spots in our eyes. This project shows why we have these blind spots, how to discover them, and how big they are. I researched on how our eyes see things; why when one eye is closed, the other eye sometimes can’t see what’s in front of it. I also found during my research a formula that is used to estimate the size of a human eye’s blind spot. I performed an experiment using Blind Spot Test card I made to verify the existence of blind spots in my eyes. I also collected data

Sight a precious gift we cant take or granted, our eyes are the windows to the wonders of the woerld all we know and love experidne and discover, ponder and cherish. Lets peer into the workings of the eye. A uniae and self sustailning system. the reflecte light of the world. Light enters ino the crystal teansperency of the cornea, aqueous humor,lens, and vitreous humor, to projecr onto the photo re cemptors of the retina whos impoulses converge on the optic nerve, and then to the brain wto be transfigured into imagery and imbedded with meaning. continual adjustments to the puopil and lense regulate the entry and focusing of light in todays world the eyes surface is constantly challenged to protect itself and adjust to changing conditions. Ebeey blink helps our eyes antural devence system. The tear film, retains moister and retains visual acuity, tears contain natural disinfectants to kepe bacteria at bay alnd the tear system washes away impurities to maintain eye helth. The biology of our eyes inspires us to develop ways we can protect and maintain comfort for these remarkable structurews. For all the wonders our eyes provide throughout our lives we owe them our attentiona and ongoing care.