The Physiology Of Weight Determination

However, there are several other costs inflicted on society by poor dietary practices by its citizens. One example is the impacts that are placed on the health system. Obesity can lead to a wide range of different medical conditions which make obese people more frequent visitors to a health care facility. This acts to drive up medical costs for everyone not just the obese themselves. Furthermore, there are also issues for the labor pool. Obesity can prevent people from meeting their productivity potentials as well as make them miss more time at work due to obesity related illnesses.

According to the USDA, at the start of century 21st American people have increased their daily caloric intake by consuming five hundred calories more than in 1970. As cited by Whitney & Rolfes (2011), there are many recognized causes of obesity such as genetics, environment, culture, socioeconomic, and metabolism among others; but the cause most evident

Janine snorts in laughter. “Train your body to burn fat?! Like it doesn’t know how already? Come on! If you’re gaining weight, it’s because you’re taking in more calories than you’re burning up. Everyone knows that. A calorie is a calorie. It’s just a measure of energy in your food. If you want to lose weight, what you have to do is either cut back on the calories you take in or exercise to burn up calories—or both. But why

Although the mechanism of obesity development is not fully understood, it is confirmed that obesity occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. There are multiple etiologies for this imbalance, hence, and the rising prevalence of obesity cannot be addressed by a single etiology (Dehghan et al., 2005, p.

Obesity is defined as the excessive build-up of body fat that has major detrimental effects on an individual’s health (Caballero, 2007). The major cause of this excess accumulation of body fat is due to a positive energy balance i.e. when the input of energy into the body system exceeds the output of energy which in turn facilitates in weight gain (Caballero, 2007). Obesity is a major health issue in modern day society, firstly because it affects approximately 300 million people worldwide (Weight Management Centre and secondly, drastic alteration in the body’s fat intake also leads to the increasing prevalence of other major health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, non-insulin dependent diabetes and hypertension (WMC, 2010).

Obesity and its cause is a complex issue, but the main causes can be generally grouped into three headings: poor diet, lack of exercise and lack of awareness.

This may not seem like a huge problem; however, being overweight increases the risk of developing other diseases, including life-threatening diseases.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another. The article acknowledges that since the body must store energy in order to build muscle and that in a caloric surplus, the body stores energy, many people believe that one must consume a caloric surplus in order to gain muscle. Then, the article argues that the assumption requires re-evaluation. Since protein and fat differ in their functionality, the article claims that the body has the ability to lose fat mass while diverting protein toward muscle. In order to back up its point, the article references a study that concluded that overweight police officers that started a weight training program for 12 weeks lost on average 9.3 pounds of fat and gained 8.8 pounds of muscle

Researches studies differ on whether obese consume more energy (calories) than non-obese individuals. Some show they do consume more; others show they may consumer fewer calories. The big difference may be in the type of nutrients that they consume, such as fat. For example, Gazzaniga, found that the percentage of body fat was positively correlated with total dietary fat. Still, other researchers suggest that the reasons are metabolic in origin and that obese individuals "process" foods differently resulting in an increase in body fat. Although how these factors affect obesity are not fully understood, one thing is clear: Obesity results when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure and is stored as fat.

Based on the following literature review, I will argue that the two main causes of weight gain and obesity are poor nutrition and lifestyles changes. Regarding the consequences of weight gain, I will show how obesity promote the development of chronic diseases.

This is a laboratory report on measuring body composition. The aim of the laboratory report was to compare two different field methods skinfolds and bioimpedance analysis to measure body composition and evaluate the most reliable doubly indirect method to measure body composition. A number of studies such as Kitano,T have shown a strong correlation between skinfold and bioelectrical impedance analysis and tend to have an average body fat difference of less than 0.6.

A negative energy balance is the goal for weight loss. For weight loss, the BMR, caloric intake, and caloric expenditure are analyzed. It is necessary to determine the kilocalorie adjustment needed for weight loss (see Table 2). For proper energy balance during weight reduction ½ of the reduction should come from a reduction in caloric intake, and ½ should be derived from increased physical activity. A neutral energy balance must be met for weight maintenance.

One topic that has been talked about for many years within Kinesiology is the debate on whether exercise or diet is more important for losing weight and maintaining weight loss. While both or important for a person's individual health, a person's diet is essentially the foundation for a healthy lifestyle and an important factor in losing weight and gaining nutrients that can help the body develop. Many studies and experiments have shown that a healthy diet goes a long way in helping people lose more weight, but more importantly teaches them how to continue to treat their bodies in a healthy manner. Dieting has been shown to have a bigger impact on weight loss than exercise has. For this reason, it can be said that a good diet is more effective for weight loss as compared to exercise alone.

As obesity has shown to reach epidemic proportions not only in developed regions but even in developing countries, this study has been conducted to understand the relationships between energy, activity levels and carbohydrate intake (WHO, 2000). Personal data collected reflected that in comparison, the subject’s EE was consistently greater that the EI over the two experimental days, therefore the output was greater than that of the consumed categorising the subject as active and as their body mass index (BMI) was calculated to be at 20g/m2 , the subject was categorised as healthy (Lyons et al., 2012). With the percentage energy intake from protein being 17%, fats 33% and carbohydrates 47%, the subject was within the range of the

An athlete needs to ensure that they consume enough fuel to complete activities undertaken. The amount of energy required depends on many factors including size and weight of the athlete, level and intensity of the training, and due to this the amount of energy required varies from person to person. However if more energy is consumed than required, the excess is stored as fat and weight will increase, on the other hand if insufficient energy is consumed the body calls upon its stores to meet the demand and weight will be lost.