The Primitive Consistency Theory Is Heider 's Balance Theory

In life, humanity is on a journey much like walking through a forest full of trees that requires consistent observation while navigating the path traveled. Remaining on course is a very important part of arriving at the destination of achievement and success. There is no way to have complete certainty of always arriving on time, as all the variables come into the picture of that journey which psychology also does in relation to the mind. The psychodynamic theory in comparison to the cognitive behavior theory is somewhat well viewed in focus of examining the mental process of what one does based upon what one has thought of doing. To consider the contrast of

At the core of all conflict analysis is perception (Wilmot & Hocker, 2011). In interpersonal conflicts, people react as though there are genuinely different goals, there is not enough of some resource, and the other person actually is getting in the way of something prized by the perceiver (Wilmot & Hocker, 2011).

Through the use of consistency and details, it becomes clear to the readers that his solution is the best one. Lamkin also uses consistency in his essay to function as support for his compare/contrast technique.

The Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI) was originally developed by Kenneth W. Thomas and Ralph H. Kilmann in 1974 (Kilmann, 2013). The TKI assesses a person’s behavior when they are confronted with a conflict situation. For their work Thomas & Kilmann define conflict as any situation when the concerns of two people appear to be incompatible (Thomas & Kilmann, 1974). According to the TKI when a person is in a conflict situation their behavior will go along two dimensions. The first dimension, on the y axis, is assertiveness, a person’s attempt to

If one is trying to pull a thought or feeling in closer, or push it away, they may be attempting to manipulate their cognitive dissonance. If one knows that they are not happy with their actions, they can dilute that feeling of cognitive dissonance by decreasing the negative or enhancing the positive attitudes about it (Smith & Mackie, n.d.). One might be a smoker for instance, and know that smoking is bad for them, but continue smoking anyway. A perception of a clash of unsuitable elements is a way to describe the way one feels when their actions and beliefs are at odds (McLeod, 2014). So, if one is unhappy about the things they do because they do not match what they think they should do, they will be said to be experiencing cognitive dissonance.

other words, they have deduced that one should develop a consistent sense of self to which they

Relational Dialectical Theory view the tension and opposing forces within the relationship as the matter of nature rather than nurture. Leslie Baxter claimed the tension as a inseparable part of developing relationship, every relationship requires tension and the proper management of through on "ongoing process of communication rather than solved in single episode of communication." (Morgan & Olsen, 2012, p. 136) According to Baxter, every relationship includes opposing forces, contradiction generally referring to the "dynamic tension between opposing forces." (Pawlowski,1998, p. 397; Baxter, 1988) The idea of tension comes from the human desire to seek for the needs and develop further relationship. This theory takes human desire to associate

My reaction does not carry much consistency among conflicts that have similar characteristics because I react to the person not the conflict. I read people instead of situations because it allows for recognition of what the other’s participation in the conflict might entail. A person’s stature and the longevity of a relationship also influences my initial reaction to conflict. For instance, if addressing a similar issue with two very different personality types of people my response would be reflective of the individual and the characteristics of our relationship, not the

The unconscious interpretation of conflict is the underlying concept of the "What Happened" Conversation. "Most difficult conversations involve disagreement about what has happened or what should happen" (Stone, Patton, & Sheila, 2010, p.7); this is based on the individual 's perception of what has happened. Loosely translated, this concept refers to Lewicki, Barry, & Sander 's analysis of cognitive bias "Ignoring Other 's Cognitions" theme. In the "What Happened" Conversation we focus on our own perception and ignore other 's cognitions, which "allows negotiators to simplify their thinking about otherwise complex processes; ... and causes a failure to recognize the contingent nature of both sides ' behaviors and responses” (Lewicki, Barry, & Sanders, 2015, p. 156).

For example: a Person who likes an Other person will be balanced by the same valence attitude on behalf of the other. Symbolically, P (+) > O and P < (+) O results in psychological balance. This can be extended to objects (X) as well, thus introducing triadic relationships. If a person P likes object X but dislikes other

Cognitive dissonance impacts attitudes and behavior negatively in the workplace in a variety of ways depending on the position you are employed. Being in management as an administrator you are faced with many challenges and situations that cause cognitive dissonance. For example, if my director asks me to perform a task and the way in which he wants me to perform the task, goes against my beliefs, I am forced to decide whether to follow his directives or risk termination for insubordination. The stress factor is making the correct decision. I can remember an instructor sending a student to me for conduct issues and wanted the student terminated from her program. The documentation that she provided to me was not sufficient to suspend the student,

The Cognitive Perspective: This is a way to explain how an individual’s thoughts and explanations have a profound effect on their actions feelings

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Leon Festinger created the cognitive dissonance theory as an attempt to explain why people desire to have consistency between their behaviors and actions. Cognitive dissonance is the distressing mental state people feel when they find themselves doing things that don’t fit with what they know, or having opinions that do not fit with other opinions they hold (Festinger, 1957; as cited in Griffin, 2009). Thus, people are motivated to change either their behavior or their belief when feelings of dissonance arise.

The principal assumption of the theory regarding to Hogg and Vaughan (2011, p.214) “is that cognitive dissonance is an unpleasant state of psychological tension generated when a person has two or more cognitions (bits of information) that are inconsistent or do not fit together. So if people at the same time hold those two cognitions (thoughts, attitudes, beliefs, states of awareness of behaviour), which are psychologically inconsistent, then we experience dissonance. The theory also accounts for discrepancies between behaviour and attitudes. For instance, when people act in a manner that is inconsistent with their attitudes, then they experience tension. And how people can reduce this tension? Festinger (1957) suggested people have to do it by changing their attitudes so that they are in line with their behavior. The main way of reducing dissonance is attitude change. The theory propose that when we are dealing with two conflicting beliefs then we experience tension or an aversive state and a good example is military training. The military teaches and telling soldiers that when they kill the enemy its nothing wrong and killing them is a good thing but those same soldiers have a deeply natural and inborn belief that “thou shalt not kill”(Sturman, 2012) . Another example is about person who smokes cigarettes. Regarding to Stone and Cooper (2001) most people