The Principles Of Radio Dequency Identification

In its basic form, a typical RFID system has two major components, a reader and tags, as shown in Figure 3.1. These tags are made from a tiny chip, also called an integrated circuit (IC), that is connected to an antenna that can be built into many different kinds of tags including apparel hang tags, labels, and security tags, as well as a wide variety of industrial asset tags. The tag chip contains the product's electronic product code (EPC) and other variable information so that it can be read and tracked by RFID readers anywhere(Impinj 2015).

track the target once it is attached on an RFID tag. Passive tags are used to attach on the target object because they are much cheaper, long lived, lightweight and have a smaller foot print. The reader can communicated with host computer through RS232.

Regardless of the frequency, method of communication, or the power supply, the goal of any RFID system is to enable specific data to be transmitted between a portable device and the tag, and then be processed and used accordingly. RFID systems are used for objects which get lost, stolen often, underutilized, or difficult to locate in a timely manner.

The RFID is considered a significant improvement over the conventional barcode, which needs to be read by scanners in "line-of-sight" fashion and can be stripped away if the paper product labels get ripped or damaged. RFID can also facilitate inter-organizational E-commerce initiatives such as continuous replenishment or vendor-managed inventories (Smaros and Holmstrom, 2000).

The RFID technology consists of three kinds of tags i.e. active RFID tags, passive RFID tags, and battery

First of all, what are RFID chips, and what are they capable of? In more detail RFID stands for Radio Frequency IDentification, a technology that uses tiny computer chips smaller than a grain of sand to track items at

RFID consist of a tag made up of microchips or a reader with an antenna. The reader sends out some magnetic wave. The tag antenna then receives this waves. Then the RFID tag draws power from the field created by the reader and it use it to power the microchip’s circuit. The chip then modulates the waves back to the reader which converts the waves to a digital data. The cost of a RFID is not quoted because pricing is based on volume.

RFID (radio frequency identification) uses radio waves to transmit information between RFID tags (chips) and RFID readers (What is RFID?, n.d.). There are two basic types of RFID tags. Active tags are larger and more expensive because they require an independent power supply to function, passive tags are cheaper, smaller and do not need a separate power supply (The Different Types of RFID Systems, n.d.). Initially, we will be implementing the use of passive RFID tags, which will help control the costs of this project. Once the RFID project is functioning according to our expectations, we will expand our RFID system to include the use of active RFID tags. The implementation of RFID technology will require a significant financial investment for a system-wide implementation. Depending upon the extent of our investment in RFID technology, we could enhance our control of access to certain areas, improve inventory management, and monitor our patients ' movements throughout our RFID-equipped facilities (Niles, 2015, p. 384)

RFID tags are much more efficient than simple barcodes because of a few key features. Unlike barcodes, RFID tags do not need to be on the surface of the object. This means that the tag does not need to be subject to the elements. RFID tags can also be read much more quickly than barcodes. Where barcodes need to have a device pointed directly at them to scan them, RFID tag readers need only be within range of the transmitting signal. This allows scanning process to be much more automated. Finally, RFID tags can be read almost simultaneously (mostly due to the high speed reading and use of different wave lengths) (What is RFID, n.d.).

Retailers can see more immediate benefits when a critical mass of RFID tags are in place.

Radio frequency bands, the memory used inside the tag, antenna design etc. act as a factor to the cost of passive tags. Passive tags operate at various frequencies ranging from low, high, ultra-high to microwave frequencies. The manufacturing of passive tags

The RFID technology consists of three key elements: RFID tags, RFID readers, and a back-end database server to identify information. The RFID tag stores its particular ID and some application data for RFID readers thus the tag contains electronically stored information which is used for access control system. The major advantage of using the RFID tag is that it allows convenience contactless access. However, the traditional RFID-based access control system identifies an individual only by means of his or her RFID card that is anyone who presents a registered RFID card will pass the authentication even he/she is not the genuine card holder or owner. Moreover, there are many RFID attacks which are:

Over the years, RFID has gained a high level of popularity and recognition. Due to the diversity of its application, the technology has really drawn the attention of investors especially in manufacturing, transport and logistics, hospital and health care and other commercial industries.

When all is said in done, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a strategy for perceiving a human or item using a radio frequency transmission. The technology can be used to perceive, track, sort or recognize a wide variety of articles. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) can be portrayed as takes after Automatic ID technology which uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to recognize items

In 1960s, RFID began to advance which led companies to use the technology for anti-theft purposes. Electronic article surveillance tags uses radio waves to find out whether a customer had paid for the item. When someone tries to walk out with an item that wasn’t paid for, it gets detected by the reader at the door resulting an alarm. In 1973, the first US patent was issued for an active RFID tag. A RFID tag is saved with a unique numbers which gets broadcasted by a card with the transponder. Therefore, the door would unlock when the reader detects the unique number from the RFID tag. This technology was licensed to different companies, mainly door lock makers. The US government started using RFID to track nuclear materials in the 1970s. The department of Agriculture expands the passive RFID technology to mark cows. The cows were fed with various kinds of medicines and hormones and it is so hard to track how many doses each cow received. A passive RFID solved the problem of cows not getting overdosed through the use UHF radio waves. After, smaller transponders were created that could be injected under a cow’s skin. They still use this technology in cows now days. These low frequency transponder is also used in readers for building access. Later, the commercializing of high frequency enabled companies to have faster data transfer and more range. “Today, 13.56 MHz RFID systems are used for access control, payment systems (Mobile Speedpass) and