The Problem Of Using Microstrip Patch Antenna Has Radiation Patterns That Can Be Simply Calculated

1.     In your opinion, what is the purpose of our dropping the transmit power to such a

2. Radius; increasing the radius will increase the inductance value and the Q of the device; somehow it will resonate at high frequency.

The horizontal resolution worsens as the reflectors are separated from the frequency because the footprint gets larger. The simulation and experimental values range approximately from λ/2 to 2λ for the high frequency. The results obtained for different frequency, the wavelengths converge when the bars are buried far from the antennas. In the horizontal resolution, the influence of the reflector's material is smaller. The best resolution is obtained with the 1 GHz as its resolution is slightly better than for the 800

Here first we design a simple rectangular shaped microstrip patch antenna with dimension 14 X 14 X 1.60 mm^3 shown in Fig.1. In this antenna the dimension of patch is 10 X 13 mm^2. We are using microstrip line feed to this rectangular patch with length 4mm and width 1.6mm. By simulating this simple patch antenna we were getting only two frequency bands as shown in Fig2.

The bandwidth limitation of antennas is usually linked to their input impedance because it is the quantity which changes with frequency so improvement in impedance response can help us to enhance its bandwidth. This approach can be implemented into following broad categories:

RF power can be measured in two ways: on the linear scale, by the number of watts that are being transmitted; and on a relative scale, by the number of decibels (dBs) instead of watts.

On old radios the antenna was detrimental to the radio’s operation. Today, the antenna is not necessary. AM radio does not have as good of quality as FM but it can travel farther distances. FM signals can be interfered by things such as mountains or other barrier

Pick an example of radar and explain how it works using at least one diagram or picture. [5 marks]

The amplitude affects the strength of the force, that is the length of the force vectors in the electromagnetic wave. The wavelength of the wave depends only on the frequency with which the electron in the transmitting antenna is oscillating up and down; and the speed of light.

electromagnetic radiation from a source, and the amount absorbed is related to the concentration of a

Window embedded wire antennas have been introduced at FM frequencies for low-power or receive-only applications. The power transmitted by the army radios at VHF and UHF frequencies can exceed tens of watts. At these power levels, it is of crucial importance to isolate the interior of the vehicle from the antenna radiation. In addition, this isolation eliminates the affects of the cabin interior and passengers on the antenna input impedance and radiation pattern. Hence a transparent ground plane will be needed behind the radiating element to reduce the radiation inside the vehicle and at the same time increase the directivity of the antenna. A wire-mesh or a more sophisticated band-selective ground plane can be used as the reflecting element. A meshed patch antenna on a mesh ground plane can provide the required isolation with the cabin interior. However because of the sub-wavelength dimensions of the armored windows at VHF and UHF frequencies a patch antenna, if feasible, cannot provide the one octave bandwidth required by the army radios. In this paper a monopole bow-tie antenna backed by a cavity (armored window) is proposed. Because of the limited thickness of the window glass, the radiation element and the transparent ground plane need to be placed very close to each other. Therefore the gain and/or the

MIMO antenna configuration is requires in spatial multiplexing. In spatial multiplexing the high rate signal is divide into low rate signals and each individual stream is transmitted from different transmit antenna which is having the same frequency channel. Spatial multiplexing is technique which is capable of increasing channel capacity at higher signal to noise

In section (B) the value of path loss exponent (n=2,3,4) and distance of the range(0.1 to 5.0) were changed in the same log-distance equation to get the received out power in dB and were plotted on the graph, which also signifies that increase in the distance reduces the received out power.

this milder from remain unclear. A cell phone’s main source of RF is its antenna from

operation but also needs to have an appropriate proposed design. It employs two techniques to improve the radiation pattern. These techniques are the use of an angled dipole and vertical copper plates arranged on the ground plane for improvement in the radiation pattern of lower and upper bands, respectively radiation profile in both bands, namely similar gain, wide beamwidth. One of the popular techniques for broadening the patch antenna bandwidth is to incorporate a U-slot on its surface. They have the ability to confine the power in certain directions instead of scattering the power everywhere.