The Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing

Around the world, millions of scientists conduct their studies by testing their research on animals. Many people believe that experimenting on animals is crucial to the advancement of medical discoveries. Studies show however, that animal experimentation is brutal and unnecessary. There are alternatives though: “replacement, reduction, and refinement” (Howard 2).

Animal testing has served many purposes in the development in medicine. Without the use of animal testing, humans would have no knowledge of the effects of a medicine, vaccine or product. The practice of using animals in research studies began with William Harvey's experiments in the seventeenth century. Harvey explained “By using different species to conduct his study, Harvey aimed to demonstrate blood circulation (Human Health).” Since then the abundance of animal research became the basis of medical, and scientific studies. Animals have made major breakthroughs in both the scientific and medical realm, however, the use of such testing is often considered inhumane and unjust. I will be evaluating

the last two centuries. Animal testing has played a significant role in these developments, and it

Animal experimentation goes back to the 17th Century; its purpose is to use conscious animals as experiments where they practice the advances in medicine to assure a product’s safety before it is released to the market. For example, with the help of animal tests, scientists study new treatments for diseases in humans and animals. Must be remembered, laboratories in the U.S kill more than 100 million animals of different species a year when doing these experiments.

Aristotle was the first the conduct biomedical testing on animals in the years 324-332 BCE. Animal testing has helped develop vaccines for smallpox, polio, and even led to the discovery of Penicillin, the first antibacterial drug used by most doctors. Today, the majority of animals used for testing are rats and mice, but also include guinea pigs, dogs, rabbits and monkeys. The National Institutes of Health in the United States is one of the largest funder for animal experiments worldwide. Over 115 million animals per year fall victims to genetic manipulation, forced chemical exposure, and inhalation of toxic gases. (“Experiments on Animals: Overview”, par. 3) Since the 21st century, science has headed into a period of advancement that has allowed many older scientific testing techniques, such as animal testing, to be abandoned. Biomedical scientists have created testing

Animal experimentation was a crucial in the development of open heart surgery, organ transplant, treating diabetes with insulin, and many other things.( Animal experimentation. Opposing viewpoints resource center. Web .2 mar. 2015) The California biomedical research associations “CBRA” say that most medical breakthroughs in the last century have resulted directly from animal experimentation .Animal experimentation also led to the discovery of insulin, to some major advance in breast cancer. Animal testing has help to save lives and cures sickness. By learning more about our body, we are more equipped to rid of sickness in the United States and 3rd word countries.

Over one hundred million animals every year die from animal testing, in the medical and cosmetic fields alone (“Experiments on Animals: Overview”). Animal testing is as big of a problem today as it has been in the past. Most people do not agree with animal testing today but years ago it was one of the only ways of testing. It was considered, if not the only, effective and efficient ways of testing a product’s toxicity. To date, animal testing is not warranted because of the development of new technology and past discoveries. Many organizations and brands publicly oppose animal testing. The companies that stand against animal testing are broad and diverse, ranging from medical to cosmetic testing, advocating that at its core, this issue is

plays crucial role in acceptance of drugs. Scientists said that it is very necessary to

The practice of using animals in medical research has led to significant scientific leaps in the treatment of various diseases. It is necessary for the preventing, detecting, and curing of many diseases. This research has helped with disease such as AIDS, heart disease, artificial arteries, spinal cord injuries, leprosy, malaria, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer 's disease, epilepsy, a variety of birth defects and countless others (Derbyshire). None of this would have happened without animal experimentation.

Each year, more than 100 million animals are experimented on in U.S. laboratories. These experiments are for things such as biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics testing.(Procon writers) Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. Animal testing is controversial and people find themselves taking sides on the issue, depending on whether they believe the testing is ethical or not. In my opinion, I feel to further human knowledge and safety through animal experimentation is both necessary and vital. I support continuance of

Repeatedly throughout history animals have been used for biomedical research. Animal protection and animal rights groups have severely criticized the practice of using animals for biomedical research in its recent years. To make the practice of animal testing more ‘humane’, laws have been passed in several countries

Animal testing refers to procedures that take place in human clinical trials and it involves dosing, toxicity and efficiency of drugs. “ Humans beings have long used animals as test subjects for a variety of purposes.” (“Animal”) which violates the living rights of animals. Animals and people are alike in many ways, as close relatives we both feel, think , behave and experience pain therefore animals should be treated with the same value and respect as humans. Animal testing is inhumane and it contradicts the rights of life of an animal, thus animal testing should not be morally justified.

Animals have been used all throughout history to test the effectiveness of medicines. Rachel Hajar discusses the history of this controversial issue. Early Greek scientists performed various experiments on animals to advance their understanding of anatomy, physiology, and other sciences. Some scientists even performed surgical procedures on animals before performing them on humans. Based on this history, we can say that it is necessary to preform experiments to advance knowledge, although those against animal testing claim the benefit to humans does not justify the harm to animals.

Animals testing has been one the issues where people are fighting overtime because of its ethical. Even though some results of tests are successfully work on people, but many people are still fighting for the animal’s rights. They believe that animals should have their own rights to be live a free life to where they belong just like their species. In scientists point of view, animals have been one of the main subjects to do test on, but a lot of them are currently looking forward to use and develop alternatives for the cruel act of animal testing.

The use of animals for scientific purposes, in order to better understand a particular disease, develop new medicines or to check the safety of a drug, causes a lot of conflicting reactions. Some believe that no moral problem is here; other, rushing to the opposite extreme, willing to justify violence in order to protect animals. Experiments on animals - are a huge industry. Every year, British scientists use nearly 3 million animals for research purposes. Most used for development and testing of drugs for human diseases, although each year about 17,000 animals are used for testing the safety of food additives and household chemicals. Now the number of animals exposed to similar experiences reduced. Although traditional animal experiments are gradually decreasing, new spheres of experimental studies are appeared. For example, now more and more animal are used for experiments in genetic engineering. In some cases, scientists introduce human genes into an animal. Such transgenic animals can develop the disease very similar to human one. Studying the impact of the disease on the body of transgenic animals, the scientists explain the