The Pros And Cons Of Orthopedic Implants

Infants start out with bowlegs because of their folded position while in their mother's womb. The legs begin to straighten once the child starts to walk when they about 12 to 18 months. By age 3, the child becomes knock-kneed. When the child stands, the knees touch but the ankles are apart. By puberty, the legs straighten out and most children can stand with the knees and ankles touching without forcing the position. Knock knees can also develop as a result of a medical problem or disease, for example: Injury of the shinbone which mean only one leg will be knock- kneed, Osteomyelitis which is a bone infection, Overweight, and Rickets is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin D.

Osgood-Schlatter; Robert Osgood and Carl Schlatter independently described this painful overuse condition of the tibial tuberosity in 1903. “The Osgood-Schlatter disease is common in active adolescents, possibly caused by multiple small avulsion fractures from contractions of the quadriceps muscles at their insertion into the proximal tibial apophysis.” (Ilgen, 2013, p. 1). When a child complains about the pain and swelling under their patella, it’s suspected that the juvenile may have Osgood-Schlatter (Moore, 2012).

It has been observed that females are more likely to develop genu valgum than men. This genu valgum is a direct cause of lateral patella tracking, which is the major cause of patellofemoral pain. This explains why females are more predominantly affected by patellofemoral syndrome than men (Willy et al., 2012). It was also found that women have “decreased relative hip abduction strength in comparison with males”, which also explains female patellofemoral pain (Wolf et al., 2014). It was found that males actually have a decrease in the Q-angle, which causes genu varum. This causes medial patella tracking and patellofemoral pain. Although it is much more rare for males to experience patella tracking, medial patella tracking was found to have a greater decrease in contact to the patellofemoral joint than lateral patella tracking. Therefore, “decreasing the quadriceps angle can have an even larger effect on patellofemoral joint stresses than increasing quadriceps angle an equal amount” (Willy et al.,

the foot causes the foot to slide downwards forcing the toes into a cramped narrow area where the

Knowledge of various bony parts of the hip joint will not only help the radiologists, but will also be of enormous interest to the orthopedic surgeons and for making implants. The race, heredity and geographical areas have a strong influence on the anthropometric parameters of the bone. The femur is one of the most studied of the human bones. The different parameters of femur are studied by various researchers found variations in these parameters. Particular neck of femur shaft angle was ranging from about from 125⁰ to 132⁰ (Samaha, A. A., et al., 2007). It was observed that these dimensions are greater in men in comparison with that of women, but the difference was statistically significant (Chauhan, R., et al., 2002). Isaac, B., et al., (1998) investigated a total of 171 adult South Indian femur to be used to measure the neck-shaft angle length of the neck, maximum vertical diameter of the head, and kinematic radius femoral maximum length. The neck-shaft angle ranges from 120 ° to 136 ° with an average of 126.7 °, and no significant side difference.

Expounding upon shoe wear and orthotics, this person would benefit from a shoe with a wide toe box to accommodate the clawed toes and total contact insert to distribute the pressures on the plantar surface more evenly, and prevent further collapsing of the midfoot longitudinal arch. Typical with the absence of the great toe the center of pressure moves to the second and third metatarsals and to a lesser degree the lateral foot (Mann, Poppen, & O’Konski, 1988). This person might require added stability at the ankle joint with an articulating ankle-foot orthosis, depending on stability of the fibula fracture and overall integrity of the ankle joint. However, even with the added benefit of the shoe wear and orthotics, this person will most likely demonstrate a gait pattern that has a decreased walking velocity, and on the left, a decreased stance phase and an increase swing phase affecting his stride. Additionally, there may be decreased plantar flexion at the left ankle with a comprised rocker motion with decreased push off during terminal stance, due to a combination of not enough force generated in the plantar flexor muscles, absence of the great toe, and the clawed toe deformity. Furthermore, this person might have to rely on the proximal muscle of the hip and knee to generate power during gait to compensate for the ankle musculature and instability in the ankle and

Limited ankle dorsiflexion has previously been shown to be a risk factor for lower extremity injuries as it alters the mechanics of gait, such as decreasing the amount of time to “heel-off”, and leads to excessive subtalar joint pronation forces on the foot, causing it to become hypermobile.1,2,3,4,5 The ankle reaches peak dorsiflexion during midstance of the gait cycle. At this point, about 8 to 10 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion is needed in order to advance the tibia over the foot while the knee is extended. When this

Similar results were reported by another study (Blewitt and Mortimore, 1992) with 20 dislocations occurring in a series of 1000 patients. Their dislocation rate was 2 % in patients with earlier designs of hemiarthroplasty including Austin Moore and Thompson hemiarthroplasty implants. However, one study has shown higher hip dislocation rates (6%) after modular unipolar hemiarthroplasty (Ninh et al., 2009) and others (Pajarinen et al., 2003; Noon et al., 2005) reporting 4 %-6.5% dislocation rates with 86.9% dislocation occurring on the same admission of their fracture surgery.

DOI: 12/2/2011. The patient is a 48-year old male service/installer technician who sustained a work-related injury to his bilateral knees, left shoulder, upper/lower back and neck. Per OMNI, patient underwent a left hip arthroscopy with a major synovectomy, debridement of the anterosuperior labrum, chondroplasty of the femoral head on the anterosuperior aspect, as well as a femoroplasty on 11/4/2014.

Any imbalances in musculature in your feet will limit full range of motion and alter your running and walking gait, which in the long term can cause problems and overuse injuries.

In order to be able to perform to the best of an individual’s ability, getting the proper fit in a stability based running shoe is crucial to one’s performance when it comes to over pronation. Pronation is defined as an inward rolling of weight transfer from heel to forefoot during locomotion. It helps absorb shock during walking and running. Pronation is on average considered a 15% inward roll. During over pronation, the arch flattens and there is an inward roll that is greater than 15% accompanied by an excessive push off by the first and second toe. In an effort to stabilize this motion, the subtalar joint will excessively evert, or “roll inwards”. One study researching the effects of unilateral pronation on gait and posture

Faulty structure and function of the joints and musculature directly above and below the knee joint relate to inability of the knee to maintain alignment with the hip and feet during squat (Cook, 2003; Kendall, 2005; Sahrmann, 2002). Underdeveloped, inflexible or activation in the wrong sequence of the hamstrings, rectus femoris which attach to both hip and knee joints, as well as the gastrocnemius which attaches to the knee and ankle joints creates a hindrance at the knee (Alter, 1996).

If you’ve ever experienced foot pain or seen a podiatrist, you may be familiar with the term ‘orthotics.’ At Treat Your Feet in Dallas, TX, we specialize in orthotics and shoes that are designed to lessen pain and make walking easier. Orthotics are custom-made shoe inserts, prescribed by a physician - usually, but not always, a doctor of podiatric medicine - that are made to accommodate or correct an abnormal or irregular walking pattern. Walking pattern changes can happen as a result of a variety of foot and leg conditions that include:

These include large skin incisions, more extensive soft tissue dissection, a higher requirement for blood transfusions, and a prolonged stay in hospital (Schwartsmann et al., 2014). In a research study done by Garg, Marimuthu, Kumar, Malhotra & Kotwal, 2011 they reported that post-operative mobilisation was related to bone quality and fracture reduction, and the position of the implant within the femoral head. Garg et al., 2011 emphasizes on the fact that patients who have had proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) had relatively earlier mobilisation than those who underwent

Following a thorough physical therapy examination, several primary and secondary impairments were found post-ACLR surgery. The primary impairments included: decreased hip and knee strength in bilateral lower extremities, left>right, bilateral tightness in the hamstrings, and limited active left knee range of motion. The secondary impairments included swelling in the left knee and slow cadence when ambulating due to the 3-point gait pattern with crutches. These impairments hinder the patient’s ability to perform transfers and prolonged ambulation, which prevented her from being able to participate in playing soccer, going to the mall with friends and running activities. Other limitations were difficulty with lifting objects