The Pros And Cons Of Safeguarding

In the United States child maltreatment is a common universal problem that can effect children of all ages (Fang, Brown, Florence, & Mercy, 2012). Additionally, it is responsible for the main cause of mortalities among children who are the age of five years and younger with majority of the injuries inflicted by an adult caregiver (Schnitzer & Ewigman, 2005). Prior to the twentieth century, there were a number of non-governmental organizations committed to providing support to child abuse victims. However, due to the lack of resources by the organizations and state regulations, numerous children did not receive support and remained defenseless, hence “modern prosecutions for child abuse were virtually nonexistent” (Nelson, 2012, p. 191). Meanwhile, this put a lot of pressure on the federal government to get involved and help ensure that children who were victims of abuse would receive the proper aid and treatment. As a result, the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) is recognized as the first nationally passed bill regarding maltreatment and neglect of children. The purpose of CAPTA is to provide knowledge of child abuse awareness and administer state funding to programs available on a federal level. The objective of this paper is to discuss the impact of maltreatment on children, how maltreatment is a public health

Child Maltreatment is still a problem plaguing children today, including children with disabilities, as it is a leading cause of serious childhood injuries and fatalities (Hibbard & Desch, 2007).Child maltreatment affects millions of children each year. In 2015, child protective service agencies received an estimated 4 million referrals involving approximately 7.2 million children and it was estimated that 683,000 of those children were victims of child maltreatment (U.S., 2017). Child maltreatment

Child maltreatment is characterized as “all intentional harm to, or avoidable endangerment of, anyone under 18 years of age” (Berger, 2014, pp. 236). Subtypes of child maltreatment includes child abuse (intentional harm inflicted on a child physically, emotionally, or sexually) and child neglect (failure to provide physical, educational or emotional needs) (Berger, 2014). Lower socioeconomic status (SES) and dysfunctional families can increases the risk for child maltreatment (Harpur, Polek, & van Harmelen, 2015). Additional circumstances that can increase the risk for child maltreatment is low maternal education, single-parenthood, non-biological caregivers, and parental substance abuse (Harpur et al, 2015). In 2012, in the United States,

Child maltreatment has been a serious public health problem not just in the United States but globally. Maltreatment is defined as neglect which means failure to provide for a child’s basic physical, educational, or psychological needs. Physical abuse such as causing physical harm, sexual abuse, abuse that includes fondling a child’s genitals or breasts, and psychological abuse, such as verbal put-downs and other behavior that terrorizes, threatens, rejects or isolates the child. “According to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), in 2007 approximately 794,000 children (10.6 per 1,000 children of all ages) were identified as victims of child abuse or neglect. Approximately one-half (46.1%) of all victims were non-Hispanic white, 21.7% were African American, and 20.8% were Hispanic. One-third (31.9%) were under the age of 4 years.” (Gross, 2010)

Smith et al (2013) describes the RCCS as “a children’s home, residential school, hospital or secure accommodation”. Smith adds that within RCC “a child is offered care-physical nurturing, learning opportunities, specialised behaviour training and promotion of health and wellbeing”. A modern approach within the paradigm of RCC, offering aversion from historical events which have formed perception that RCC is a last resort and a family setting is the preferred choice The Curtis Report (1946) and Children Who Wait (1998). A number of child abuse cases over the last 20 years have resulted in national attention. This has resulted in negative attention being draw to RCCS and societal pressures for the

The maltreatment of children occurs at extraordinarily increasing proportions and is becoming a significant health risk to the children it is happening to. One of the major public health concerns should be identifying the risk factors associated with the maltreatment of these children and the just how much resistance these children really have against this abuse. Regardless of how much elasticity the general public in a whole may think these children have against maltreatment, they are still at a major risk of having diminished or compromised psychological and physical health later in life as an adult and are also are at extreme risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Children who were not subject to maltreatment are still

And while the development of the CAC will surely impact the way we respond to child abuse and neglect once it is identified, the bigger task will still be how do we prevent child abuse and neglect by getting at its root causes. We know a lot about risk factors for child abuse such as the lack of support and social isolation of parents, financial stress, lack of parenting skills, drug and alcohol problems, and low self-esteem and high expectations of parents. This is not to say that a child is being abused if these

This paper examines the implication to establish measures that provide safety and health directives concerning areas involving painting operations, gas and electric welding, cutting, brazing, or equivalent conflagration or spark generating operations towards safeguarding personnel and property in contrast to heat, developed gases and fumes, electrical shock, and radiation meant for all personnel responsible for ground work, managing, and accompanying painting, welding and cutting operations (Mroszczyk, 2012).

Factors related to the community and the larger society also are linked with child maltreatment. Poverty, for example, has been linked with maltreatment, particularly neglect, in each of the national incidence studies. (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2004). Studies have shown that mothers are less likely to socialize or be in social groups (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2004). They have little to no contact with friends and family members. Policymakers are now starting to look into various options to help figure out how we can decrease the amount of children that fall within the maltreatment category, as well as ways to build family capacity and resilience (Child Welfare Information Gateway,

The longer the duration or increased severity of abuse and neglect determines consequences on the child’s developing neurocognitive and psychological systems (Nelson, 2010, p. 199). The Fourth National Incidence Study of Abuse and Neglect, when compared to previous year’s data, reports that child maltreatment has generally declined. In addition, it was reported that child maltreatment was evident in 1.25 million children with neglect (61%) being more prominent than abuse (44%). Child maltreatment rates were more prevalent in the following: African Americans than Caucasians and Hispanics, children who have an unemployed parent, children who live in a low socioeconomic household, children whose parents have a live-in partner (unmarried), children who live in a larger family household, and children who live in rural areas (Sedlak, 2010, pp.

emotional, social, and psychological harm to children that can last a lifetime. In this paper I will

To the extent (Organization) is a covered (Organization) under the privacy regulations issued under the Health Insurance Protection and Portability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the compliance policy of (Organization) is set forth below effective immediately as required by 45 CFR 164.530(j).

The generation in today society has to understand that protection is needed for the world today because the people need to feel safe and comfortable. In every state, the requirement of protection is considered a law and is different extremely in each 50 state. Most people abide by the protection law because it’s the ethical decision to do, but some people do the opposite for their own egocentric reasons. In Mississippi (American), consumers have protection from unscrupulous sellers and adequate information to make wise marketplace choices (Norrgard, 1988, p.61). A young Mississippi woman went to every business and individual advertising her new product of shampoo for women and men. She publicly announced to the entire consumer that the

Children in need are identified because of concerns that their health or development could be adversely affected without statutory intervention; either being ‘significantly impaired’ or lacking a ‘reasonable standard’ (Children Act, 1989:c41:p3:s17). The definition is attributed to research on brain development that has highlighted the detrimental effects of children living amongst inconsistency, chaos, danger or fear. A prime example is domestic abuse since it is prevalent within the lives of many children, despite the fact that witnessing violence is emotional abuse (NSPCC, 2016). As a form of ‘toxic stress’, repeated or prolonged exposure to domestic abuse, especially during critical stages in early life, could cause irreversible changes in brain structure like delayed cognition (Anda et al, 2005). This in turn can lead to communication difficulties and a spiral of events including isolation, school failure, unemployment and ultimately poor mental health (HM Gov, 2015). This knowledge explains why the criteria for ‘in need’ not only refers to the complex needs of children with disabilities, but also those whom are affected by risk factors which compound caregiver’s mental and physical caring ability, including poverty, parental mental illness, disability or substance misuse (Barnardo’s 2011).

Gil (1985) describes the child protection system as sponsored and sanctioned by the Canadian government to protect and care for children in the event that families are unable to (Nixon et al., 2007). Hence, the role of child protection services is to investigate cases of maltreatment and provide services to ensure children’s safety and well-being. Although protection services offered by different jurisdictions of Canada are varied, the underlying key goal is child well-being (Nixon et al., 2007). A cross-country policy review in 2006 presented that although six of ten Canadian provinces and one territory included CEDV in their definition of maltreatment, they conceptualized the risk to children differently (Nixon et al., 2007). In this respect, Ontario had not defined CEDV as a form of maltreatment in its child welfare legislation (Child and Family Services Act) of 1990 (Nixon et al., 2007). However, the Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies (2006) incorporated CEDV as a form of emotional harm in its risk assessment tool (Nixon et al., 2007). This guides the child protection authorities in CEDV cases.