From family inherited “secrets” about what food to eat or which position to engage in during coitus to medical interventions for the implantation of a specific sexed fetus, sex-selection has been – and continuous to be – a reality of human reproduction. It will likely continue to be a reality – whether others agree or disagree – until authorities become more stringent in the application and regulation of legal policy (e.g., spending more resources on preventing and catching practices and individuals who perform sex selective services). But such force is an action unjustifiable when the question of whether sex selection is ethical or not still persists. The key here, is thus, to put to rest the concern of right and wrong and show, once and for …show more content…
Freedom of religion is a right of every individual, so when the differences come down to differences here, arguments become inefficient and inapplicable. For it allows the concerns to be disregarded – and a simple “agree to disagree” attitude taken – on the basis of personal preference. This is true, intuitionally, for the same reason that if one individual likes the color red they cannot force every other individual to like the color red. The second sets of arguments work from the idea that every individual life is worth the same. Here, the belief is that sex selection implies that to be part of the human species one must be a certain way or possess particular physical, emotional, and mental characteristics . By aborting fetuses who possess genetic anomalies, we collectively further and perpetuate the idea that there is such a thing as a type of person who is not worthy or fit to be part of the human …show more content…
There is no way to know for sure whether the life will be one of suffering and pain or happiness and joy. But harm is not a simple or linear principle. There are countless intricacies and complexities. Conceiving individuals weigh their decisions against probabilities, chances, risks, and losses (e.g., finances, cure, or presence of disease). The driving desire behind all those decisions is minimizing the chances a child has at a life debilitating disorder. This is not arbitrary, it is difficult. Sex selection requires people to make life affecting decisions for other individuals based, sometimes, on nothing but likelihoods and rarely on definitive information. Either way, the decision is always arduous and the primary mover is the future quality of the unborn child in question. Thus, sex selection for medical purposes does not contradict the belief that all human life is created equal, but reinforces it. By making these difficult decisions, conceiving individuals ensure that their child has an equal chance at a healthy life as most other children do. It does not make a statement about what characteristics are “worthy” of being part of the human race. It reflects the unfortunately cruel reality of human biology; humans are in terrible pain when they are severely
This brings about many ethical questions and moral concerns. The practice that likely incites the most controversy in selective abortion is sex selective reduction. As technology has advanced, the availability of ultrasound technology has provided practitioners with the ability to identify many fetal characteristics, one of which is gender (Higgins, 2016). Sex-selective reduction mirrors the practice of so called “gendercide” that occurs in countries such as China and India. In these countries sex selective abortion is used to create a population that is predominantly male. To American’s these methods may seem inhumane, and there are many organizations in the US and around the world attempting to stop gender specific abortion. What many Americans probably do not realize is these practices occur in the United States as well, and they have for a long time. While these methods are considered legal in the United States, the ethical implications of aborting fetuses based on sex creates an entirely new concern. The practice of selective abortion in general has created a number of ethical questions for society, and those practicing in the medical
Prenatal diagnosis being used as a term for abortion and sex selection is difficult to view because of the polar opposites that exist towards its morality. The best way to tackle this issue is thru virtue ethics. Each have different motives for the abortion. However, each have selfish ambitions for the future. Sex selection in one case, Ann, should consider that the child can be happy in the event there is no disease. Likewise, if the child does have the disease the child still holds equal to humanity for with or without disease we are all human and deserve life. This act is therefore immoral. June is self-interested purely based on personal feelings, hence, is immoral due to the fact that selfishness is not virtuous.
“Everything is theoretically impossible, until it is done” said American science fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein. Heinlein was correct in his observation. Throughout the course of history, the gender of a child has always been a surprise and an uncontrollable part of life. Often it is regarded as a component of natural selection. Yet, scientific technologies have “made the impossible possible.” Advancement in In-vitro fertilization and uses of preimplantation genetic diagnosis have allowed people to have the power to make many genetic alterations to their future child, including gender selection. However, this scientific discovery brought about a controversial movement for reproductive freedom and draws out ethical concerns about what it
Although Eugenics is seen as a negative and invalid theory for the improvement of the human race, these reproduction requirements are constant factors within sexual selection and the doctors’ recommendation of aborting a baby, proving their relevance in the survival of the human race.
The issue on whether parents should be allowed to choose the sex of their baby has been a major controversial issue in the recent past that has attracted huge debates between proponents and opponents of such practice. This issue has received huge attention because of long-term use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) to help pregnant women in the United States and across the globe. This technology basically involves the transfer of fertilized human embryos into a woman’s uterus through in vitro fertilization (IVF). Advances in Assisted Reproductive Technology have contributed to various innovations such as Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, which enables parents to choose prenatally the sex of their
Within the first five hours of the birth of a baby, several things are recorded on a document that will determine their whole life. Their parentage, their place and time of birth, their citizenship, and their gender. Two boxes are available for gender: male, and female. So when 1 in 1,500 children is born and does not fit into these boxes, a decision must be made. What will they be assigned? The criteria for this decision that will determine the child’s entire upbringing and place in a patriarchal, binary society is based, mainly, on the clitoris. In the world of sex assignment, size matters– a child with a larger clitoris is more likely to be assigned male, and a child with a smaller clitoris is generally assigned female. This is a big decision to hinge on a tiny sex organ within hours of birth. Intersex Genital Reconstruction Surgery (IGRS) should be a choice, and not a necessity, which is why non consensual IGRS should be classified as genital mutilation; it violates basic human rights, forces assimilation to a rigid and incorrect
Using preimplantation gender selection is a well-known practice in the twenty-first century to select the sex of a child, but the ethical issues behind it raise many questions to the public. As stated in the “A Question of Gender: Sex Selection in Humans” essay, there are many ambivalent arguments for and against the use of the preimplantation gender selection (PGS). As stated in the essay, selecting the sex of a child to reduce health problems (X-linked diseases) and also reduce the family’s suffering in the future, such as, hemophilia or Duchenne muscular dystrophy. I would be able to understand and be able to appreciate parents’ decision to select the sex of their children only if it is due to medical issues, in my opinion there is no exception to that.
Many women are eager to become a mother, but infertility prevents some women from satisfying this need. However, modern biotechnologies combined with changed norms of culture now provide them reproductive choices such as in vitro fertilization. In order to develop these reproductive choices, we need to research on living human embryo. Because its procedures terminate the life of embryo, embryonic research stirs up public attention on its morality. Society questions if these methods are morally right. Do they violate the meaning of personhood and life? Do we kill a human when we research the embryos? These questions are asking our foundation of morality. We must be cautious and avoid any logical fallacies when we answer them. Using
In actuality, these particular eugenicists had deeply rooted discriminatory prejudices as well as numerous scientific inaccuracies built into their presumptions. Gender, race, and class were problematic variables in these assumptions of motherly aptitude, and their effects unfortunately impacted individuals by stripping them of their reproductive rights (Bouche & Rivard, 2014). This example is not the only way in which the controversy of classism emerges in the field of eugenics.
Sexual selection was an idea proposed by Darwin and refers to the process in which males and females attempt to maximize their chances of reproductive success. Within a species there are certain characteristics that make individuals attractive to potential mates. An example of this is in peacocks, female peacocks are attracted to males with long brightly colored tails, even though this makes them easier to be spotted by predators. This characteristic then evolves within the species due to how males with this characteristic have a higher chance of reproductive success and their characteristics being passed on to surviving offspring.
Morality plays a huge role in the health care field. This principle of right and wrong conduct is noteworthy to specialists while assessing the benefits and troubles of medical procedures. One may find the progress of helpful advances hard to endure. For example, using a piece of vitro arrangement to pick babies for an impeccable inherited human cloning. If we screen an incipient organism for a tissue sort, we can then allow certain physical qualities for the newborn child. We can pick their eye shading, kind of learning, physicality, and capacity that could propose our babies regardless, consummate in a perfect world society. Inherited
With new technologies available everyday, it seems almost as if we can customize our children. Reproduction is no longer an outcome of random and inherited genes, but now it’s a process of creating the child that we want to have. Fertility clinics are in debate as to whether or not it is ethical to be able to determine the sex of our children. Some view this as a valid option, while others see it as another step down the road to designer babies. But how far is too far? That is a question that we can only answer for ourselves. While this article remains unbiased, we are able to form our own opinion after seeing the pros and cons of both sides.
I feel that sex selection should only be allowed for medical purposes only because you are doing it for a particular reason, and that reason being for the health of the child. You are doing it in the best interest of someone and not just for what gender you want your child to be. This should not be allowed for non-medical reasons, because in places around the world, having a female child is frowned upon, so people may misuse this and change the gender of their child just for the sake because they don’t want a girl. I don’t think this would be an issue in Canada, but it still should be limited to use only for medical reasons and no other. Some implications would be that this is not completely safe and the child may be born with some disorders.
IVF raises many of these difficult moral issues. If the above conceptions about the nature of ethics were correct, however, discussion of these issues would either be futile (because morality is a matter of personal choice or opinion) or superfluous (because morality is what a divine or secular authority says it is) (Walters 23). In this paper, I want to suggest that it is not only possible, but also necessary to inquire into the ethics of such practices as IVF because the fact that we can do something does not mean that we ought to do it.
Genetic engineering, human embryos should continue because the new technology has led to being able to take out single celled diseases in embryos. Granted, some scientists believe it should not continue because people in the world have already attempted abuse this technology by trying to pick their child’s gender (Zitner); Nevertheless, being able to identify gender is crucial to certain disease identification(Zitner). As a matter of fact gender specific diseases do exist, and therefore the technology needed to know the gender is necessary. If the gender is unknown scientists would be wasting valuable time looking for diseases that may not even exist. In addition an experiment done on embryos, led scientists to conclude “By weeding out male