The Protein Status Of Children With Protein Energy Malnutrition

This assignment will discuss a trust adapted version of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). It will demonstrate an understanding of theoretical knowledge used to develop the assessment tool. The assignment will focus on three components within the tool; discussing the reliability and validity when used in a clinical environment. A reflection of my own experience using the tool will be included and linked to aspects of reliability. Any issues with reliability will be identified and suggestions given on how they can be corrected to aid future use.

Malnutrition is a common health problem and is caused by either an inadequate diet or a problem absorbing nutrients from food. There are many reasons why this might happen, including having reduced mobility, a long-term health condition or a low income. The most common symptom of under-nutrition is unplanned weight loss and other signs could be weak muscles, feeling tired all the time, low mood and an increase in illnesses or infections. The main sign of over-nutrition is being overweight or obese. However, people with under-nutrition can also be overweight if they eat a diet high in energy (calories), but low in other nutrients. Signs of malnutrition in children can include failure to grow at the expected rate and changes in behaviour such as appearing unusually irritable, sluggish or anxious

The influences of underlying health conditions can result in the need for specific nutrients as well as influencing what people are or aren’t able to eat.

RNI's (reference nutrient intakes) are used for proteins, vitamins and minerals. These are estimates of the amount that should meet the needs of most of the groups in which they apply.

Statistical analysis for the animal studies. Our selection of 10 animals per time point is based on the group variance observed in our preliminary studies employing diet models. For example, an n = 10 provides 95% power (alpha of 0.05) to detect differences in ALT values of at least 30 U/L between two means with a standard deviation of 10 (two-tailed t-test). For endpoints such as ALT values, caspase positive cells, etc., in different animal populations, parametric analysis will be performed. ANOVA will be employed given the presence of multiple groups, and a Bonferroni test will be used to correct for multiple comparisons. If the distribution of values is unsuitable for a parametric analysis, we will perform a Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric data. If the data show a strong trend towards significance (e.g., p < 0.1) with reproducible data except for a rare outlier, we can consider increasing the number of animals per group. The number added will be calculated using the mean and standard deviation (SD) from the existing data

In this investigation concentration of protein was to be found using the concentration of a known protein( already labeled) by measuring the concentration of protein in milk and the absorbance of light. It is hypothesized that the protein that will be tested will be the same as the already labeled one. The outcome from the lab shows that the protein that was used did not respond the same as the already labeled one known from the standard curve, therefore rejecting the hypothesis.The results prove the hypothesis as incorrect because the proteins concentration were different when the concentration was calculated and all had a high percent difference.

This paper will focus on some important nutrients that are important for general health: fiber and protein. My personal daily intake will be analyzed to determine what foods are providing the right type of proteins and fiber, and how food consumption might be adjusted to provide for a healthier nutrient intake. It is important to state at the outset that the nutrient intake that is being used for this analysis is only for a one-day period. However, it will provide some insight into my eating habits and how those habits might be improved from a scientific standpoint.

There are individual symptoms when lacking each of these nutrients for example, zinc can cause anemia. But overall there are symptoms of malnutrition as a whole including; poor weight gain, behavioral changes; anxiety, irritability and decreased response. There are also physical factors like skin, nail, hair and oral changes. Malnutrition can be diagnosed in various ways; Complete blood count, sedimentation rate, serum electrolytes, urinalysis and a culture. Women and children are most at risk for malnutrition.

Final lab day four; the test media were collected for explanation and interpretation, the results are as listed:

His target for calories is 3,185 per day and he reached 1808 calories which was identified as under. According to the attached analysis, he consumed 122g of protein, 206 g of carbohydrates and 40 grams for fat which were all recognized as ok according to the analysis. For fruits and vegetables his status was considered under for both. For fruits the recommended amount was 2 ½ cups and he only consumed 2 cups and for vegetables the recommended amount was 4 cups and he only consumed 2 ½ cups. His fiber intake for that day was 18 g and the recommended amount was 38 g which was not adequate enough based on the recommendation.

Patient malnutrition is a very real and serious matter; it can lead to a worsening of the patient's

A young, healthy teenage girl fell to her death after following a high-protein, low carbohydrate diet for no more than two weeks. The girl, having no identified sicknesses or medical conditions, exhibited "electrolyte imbalances" along with minimal levels of potassium and calcium, which appeared to be a result of the diet according to doctors at the University of Missouri Health Science Center. These irregularities upset the "normal electrical function of her heart" causing it to stop and her to collapse ("US teen . . ."). Based on this alone, it is evident that a high protein, low carbohydrate diet is not a safe and healthy long-term weight loss program.

5.Lipid Profile: To assess total cholesterol,HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides level as baseline LDL level is used marker to start lipid therapy if triglycerides level is less than 4.5mmol/l and to assess the CV risk.

Labs D-dimer test will be performed. Elevated levels could be indicative of PE. D -dimer values Normal:

In addition, the exclusion of two participants from the statistical analysis was proper because one participant missed too many training sessions and the other missed consuming test beverages, which were noted to be above the predefined percentage thresholds for exclusion. Furthermore, the statistical analysis could have improved if larger sample sizes were used (i.e. instead of PRO group (n=20) and PLA group (n=19)) to make the study more reliable, as it would limit the number of random variations and be more representative of the population for statistical analysis. Finally, a 99% confidence should have been used to show that 99% certainty the evidence found is statistically significant, which is better than 95% confidence level when accepting the alternative hypothesis of the